123-25-1Relevant articles and documents
Hickling,Westwood
, (1939)
Deactivation of Supported Nickel-Based Hydrogenation Catalysts with Sulfide Ions
Prozorov,Afineevskii,Knyazev,Sukhachev, Ya. P.,Sukhacheva
, p. 2158 - 2162 (2019)
Abstract: Kinetics of the liquid-phase hydrogenation of a multiple carbon bond is studied in an aqueous medium on supported nickel catalysts at different hydrogen pressures in the system under conditions of partly controlled deactivation of the active surface sites with sulfide ions. The pattern of deactivation of the active surface sites of Ni/SiO2 catalysts containing different amounts of the active metal on the surface with sulfide ions in water is determined. The resistance of the studied catalysts to deactivation during the reduction of diethyl maleate (DM) and propen-2-ol-1 is determined experimentally. It is shown that the catalyst is more resistant to deactivation during the hydrogenation of propen-2-ol-1; this finding is attributed to the steric factor. It is found that the hydrogen pressure in the system does not affect the deactivation pattern. Excessive pressure slightly alters the deactivation resistance of the catalyst during the hydrogenation of propen-2-ol-1. It is shown experimentally that the catalytic properties of nickel in liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions can be controlled by introducing small amounts of a catalytic poison into the system at high hydrogen pressures.
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Kuwajima,I.,Doi,Y.
, p. 1163 - 1166 (1972)
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Stout,G.H. et al.
, p. 4191 - 4200 (1968)
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Robertson
, p. 2057 (1925)
Synthesis of a sulfated-group-riched carbonaceous catalyst and its application in the esterification of succinic acid and fructose dehydration to form HMF
Liu, Huihui,Peng, Qian,Ren, Jiawen,Shi, Bianfang,Wang, Yanqin
, p. 2649 - 2656 (2021)
A novel sulfated-group-riched sulfonated carbonaceous catalyst with high acidic strength and adjustable ratio of acidic groups was designed in the paper, where glucose and benzyl chloride were hydrothermally carbonized first followed by sulfonation treatment. Various physicochemical techniques were used to characterize the catalyst such as IR, 13C MAS NMR and XPS spectra, NH3-TPD, XRD patterns and TG curve. Then, it was applied in the esterification of succinic acid and fructose dehydration to form HMF. Compared to commercial Amberlyst-15 catalyst, such carbonaceous solid acid exhibited excellent catalytic activity and thermal stability, which was attributed to its higher amount of sulfonic acid group.
Vicinal alkylation-carboxymethylation of electron-poor alkenes by radical-chain reactions with O-alkyl O-silyl ketene acetals and their [3+2] annulation by reaction with O-cyclopropylcarbinyl O-silyl ketene acetals
Cai, Yudong,Roberts, Brian P.
, p. 1485 - 1488 (2004)
O-Silyl ketene acetals of the type H2C=C(OR)OSiMe 2But, in which R is a tertiary or secondary alkyl group, react with electron-poor alkenes to bring about vicinal alkylation- carboxymethylation of the latter. When R is a cyclopropyldimethylcarbinyl group such reactions take a more complex course involving ring opening of the cyclopropylcarbinyl radical and lead ultimately to [3+2] annulation of the alkene.
Synthesis and antiischemic activity of dicarboxylic nitroxyalkylamides and nitroxyalkylimides
Fedorov,Bogdanov,Fadeev,Lagodzinskaya
, p. 1119 - 1125 (2014)
A number of dicarboxylic N-(2-nitroxyalkyl)amides and N-(2-nitroxyalkyl)imides were synthesized and their antiischemic activity was studied. The ratio of the areas of necrotic and ischemic zones was used as a criterion for evaluation of antiischemic activity. The maximum values were close to antiischemic activity of Nicorandil, with acute toxicity of compounds synthesized being considerably lower.
Synthesis of 1,4-diketones: reaction of α-bromo ketones with tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE)
Nishiyama, Yutaka,Kobayashi, Akihiro
, p. 5565 - 5567 (2006)
1,4-Diketones were prepared by the reaction of α-bromo ketones with tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) in moderate to good yields. Similarly, α-bromo esters were reductively coupled using TDAE to give the 1,4-diesters in moderate yields.
Rieke zinc as a reducing agent for common organic functional groups
Kroemer, Jeremy,Kirkpatrick, Chris,Maricle, Brian,Gawrych, Rick,Mosher, Michael D.,Kaufman, Don
, p. 6339 - 6341 (2006)
The ability of Rieke zinc to reduce common organic functional groups has been studied. Nitrobenzene, conjugated aldehydes, arylacetylenes, and phenylpropiolates are readily reduced under mild conditions. Benzonitrile, alkylacetylenes, ketones, unconjugated aldehydes, and alkenes are not reduced.
Metal-free reduction of unsaturated carbonyls, quinones, and pyridinium salts with tetrahydroxydiboron/water
Li, Tiejun,Peng, Henian,Tang, Wenjun,Tian, Duanshuai,Xu, Guangqing,Yang, He
, p. 4327 - 4337 (2021/05/31)
A series of unsaturated carbonyls, quinones, and pyridinium salts have been effectively reduced to the corresponding saturated carbonyls, dihydroxybenzenes, and hydropyridines in moderate to high yields with tetrahydroxydiboron/water as a mild, convenient, and metal-free reduction system. Deuterium-labeling experiments have revealed this protocol to be an exclusive transfer hydrogenation process from water. This journal is
Zeolite Y from kaolin clay of Kachchh, India: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic application
Gandhi, Dolly,Bandyopadhyay, Rajib,Soni, Bhavna
, (2021/11/23)
Kaolin clay obtained from Kachchh, Gujarat was used as alumina and silica source to synthesize zeolite Y by hydrothermal method. The synthesis route comprised of the following steps: sulfuric acid treatment at 110 ?°C (4 ?h) for impurity removal followed by calcination at 600 ?°C for 4 ?h, thermal activation of kaolin into metakaolin by NaOH fusion at 850 ?°C (8 ?h); aging of reaction mixtures at 50 ?°C (24 ?h); crystallization (24 ?h) followed by washing and drying. The synthesized zeolite Y was examined by multiple characterization techniques which revealed a pore volume of 0.22 ?cm3/g with pore size of 2.89 ?nm having essential surface area of 320 ?m2/g, indicating a porous material having majority of micropores and remaining mesopores. The zeolite exhibited good catalytic activity for succinic acid esterification using ethanol to produce monoethyl and diethyl succinate. The conversion of SA (72%) and yield (60%) of valuable diester indicated good conversion rate and selectivity at moderate reaction conditions. Detailed structural comparison with zeolite Y synthesized using standard chemical route is also carried out. This work demonstrated an effective way of preparing environmentally benign porous zeolite Y having high surface area and pore volume that can be useful for catalytic applications.