94-33-7Relevant articles and documents
Kinetic Modeling of Ethylene Glycol Monoesterification
Pe?ar, Darja,Gor?ek, Andreja
, p. 658 - 663 (2015)
The monoesterification of ethylene glycol under isothermal conditions was conducted using benzoic acid in methane-sulfonic acid/Al2O3 as a catalyst. Using this reagent, glycol was selectively monoesterified with high yield. The reactions were performed within an automated batch reactor under equimolar conditions, constant rotational frequency of the stirrer, and within the temperature range from 65 to 85°C. The rate constant related to this reaction and to the corresponding reverse reaction, activation energy, and preexponential factor was derived from experimental data. It has been concluded that under these conditions the formation of dibenzoate was successfully prevented.
Expanding the Tool Kit of Automated Flow Synthesis: Development of In-line Flash Chromatography Purification
Thomson, Christopher G.,Banks, Colin,Allen, Mark,Barker, Graeme,Coxon, Christopher R.,Lee, Ai-Lan,Vilela, Filipe
supporting information, p. 14079 - 14094 (2021/07/31)
Recent advancements in in-line extraction and purification technology have enabled complex multistep synthesis in continuous flow reactor systems. However, for the large scope of chemical reactions that yield mixtures of products or residual starting materials, off-line purification is still required to isolate the desired compound. We present the in-line integration of a commercial automated flash chromatography system with a flow reactor for the continuous synthesis and isolation of product(s). A proof-of-principle study was performed to validate the system and test the durability of the column cartridges, performing an automated sequence of 100 runs over 2 days. Three diverse reaction systems that highlight the advantages of flow synthesis were successfully applied with in-line normal- or reversed-phase flash chromatography, continuously isolating products with 97-99% purity. Productivity of up to 9.9 mmol/h was achieved, isolating gram quantities of pure product from a feed of crude reaction mixture. Herein, we describe the development and optimization of the systems and suggest guidelines for selecting reactions well suited to in-line flash chromatography.
Stannous chloride as a low toxicity and extremely cheap catalyst for regio-/site-selective acylation with unusually broad substrate scope
Dong, Hai,Feng, Guang-Jing,Luo, Tao,Lv, Jian,Yu, Jian-Cheng
supporting information, p. 6936 - 6942 (2020/11/09)
This work reports stannous chloride (SnCl2)-catalyzed regio-/site-selective acylation with unusually broad substrate scope. In addition to 1,2- and 1,3-diols and glycosides containing cis-vicinal diol, the substrate scope also includes glycosides without cis-vicinal diol. For such a substrate scope, usually, only methods using stoichiometric amounts of organotin reagents can lead to the same protection pattern with high selectivities and highly isolated yields (84-97% in most cases). Therefore, SnCl2, as a low toxicity and extremely cheap reagent, should be the best catalyst for regio-/site-selective acylation compared with any previously reported reagents. This journal is