14050-42-1Relevant articles and documents
New class of squalene-based releasable nanoassemblies of paclitaxel, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin and epothilone A
Borrelli, Stella,Christodoulou, Michael S.,Ficarra, Ilaria,Silvani, Alessandra,Cappelletti, Graziella,Cartelli, Daniele,Damia, Giovanna,Ricci, Francesca,Zucchetti, Massimo,Dosio, Franco,Passarella, Daniele
, p. 179 - 190 (2014)
The present study reports the preparation of a novel class of squalene conjugates with paclitaxel, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin and epothilone A. The obtained compounds are characterized by a squalene tail that makes them able to self-assemble in water,
Design and characterization of Squalene-Gusperimus nanoparticles for modulation of innate immunity
Navarro Chica, Carlos E.,de Haan, Bart J.,Faas,Smink, Alexandra M.,Sierra, Ligia,de Vos, Paul,López, Betty L.
, (2020/10/02)
Immunosuppressive drugs are widely used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and to prevent rejection in organ transplantation. Gusperimus is a relatively safe immunosuppressive drug with low cytotoxicity and reversible side effects. It is highly hydrophilic and unstable. Therefore, it requires administration in high doses which increases its side effects. To overcome this, here we encapsulated gusperimus as squalene-gusperimus nanoparticles (Sq-GusNPs). These nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained from nanoassembly of the squalene gusperimus (Sq-Gus) bioconjugate in water, which was synthesized starting from squalene. The size, charge, and dispersity of the Sq-GusNPs were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The colloidal stability of the Sq-GusNPs was tested using an experimental block design at different storage temperatures after preparing them at different pH conditions. Sq-GusNPs showed to be colloidally stable, non-cytotoxic, readily taken up by cells, and with an anti-inflammatory effect sustained over time. We demonstrate that gusperimus was stabilized through its conjugation with squalene and subsequent formation of NPs allowing its controlled release. Overall, the Sq-GusNPs have the potential to be used as an alternative in approaches for the treatment of different pathologies where a controlled release of gusperimus could be required.
Functional characterization of squalene epoxidase and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Dioscorea zingiberensis
Song, Wei,Yan, Shan,Li, Yi,Feng, Shan,Zhang, Jia-jiao,Li, Jia-ru
, p. 822 - 827 (2019/02/05)
Dioscorea zingiberensis is a perennial medicinal herb rich in a variety of pharmaceutical steroidal saponins. Squalene epoxidase (SE) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis pathways of triterpenoids and sterols, and catalyzes the epoxidation of squalene in coordination with NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR). In this study, we cloned DzSE and DzCPR gene sequences from D. zingiberensis leaves, encoding proteins with 514 and 692 amino acids, respectively. Recombinant proteins were successfully expressed in vitro, and enzymatic analysis indicated that, when SE and CPR were incubated with the substrates squalene and NADPH, 2,3-oxidosqualene was formed as the product. Subcellular localization revealed that both the DzSE and DzCPR proteins are localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The changes in transcription of DzSE and DzCPR were similar in several tissues. DzSE expression was enhanced in a time-dependent manner after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatments, while DzCPR expression was not inducible.
