9000-30-0

Basic information

• Product Name: Guar gum
• Synonyms: 1212a;a-20d;burtonitev7e;burtonitev-7-e;cyamopsisgum;dealcatp1;dealcatp2;decorpa
• CAS NO: 9000-30-0
• Molecular Formula: C10H14N5Na2O12P3
• Molecular Weight: 535.145283
• EINECS: 232-536-8
• Product Categories: thickener;Pharmaceutical intermediates
• Mol File: 9000-30-0.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: Yellow-white/Free Flowing Powder
• Storage Temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under inert atmosphere
• Solubility: It yields a mucilage of variable viscosity when dissolved in water, practically insoluble in ethanol (96 per cent).
• Stability: Stable. Combustible. A mixture of air and finely-divided powder is potentially explosive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing age
• Merck: 13,4588 / 13,4587
• CAS DataBase Reference: Guar gum(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Guar gum(9000-30-0)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Guar gum(9000-30-0)

Safety Data

• WGK Germany: 1
• RTECS: MG0185000
• Hazardous Substances Data: 9000-30-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

Used in Food Industry:
Guar gum is used as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in various food products, such as frozen food, baking food, drinks, salad dressings, cheese, cream, cooked meat, and vegetarian food, for reasons like preventing ice crystal formation, maintaining moisture, improving texture, and acting as a fat substitute.
Used in Cosmetics:
Guar gum is used as a thickener and emulsifier in cosmetic formulations due to its coating action on the skin, which allows for moisture retention.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Guar gum is used as a protective colloid, stabilizer, thickening and film-forming agent, binding and disintegrating agent in tablet formulations, and in pharmaceutical jelly formulations.
Used in Industrial Applications:
Guar gum is used in oil well fracturing, carpet manufacturing, spin printing and dyeing, leather chemical industry, building materials, cement, paint, tiles, paper industry, and as a flocculant, filtering agent, and coagulant aid in water treatment.
Used in Paper Sizing:
Guar gum is used as a thickening and gelling agent in paper sizing.
Properties and Applications:
Guar gum is characterized by its light yellow free-flowing powder appearance, low moisture content, neutral pH, high apparent viscosity, and good fluidity. It can be converted to gel by the addition of a small amount of sodium borate and has a high hydroxypropyl degree of substitution.

Production Methods

Guar gum is obtained from the ground endosperm of the guar plant, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) Taub. (Fam. Leguminosae), which is grown in India, Pakistan, and the semiarid southwestern region of the USA. The seed hull can be removed by grinding, after soaking in sulfuric acid or water, or by charring. The embryo (germ) is removed by differential grinding, since each component possesses a different hardness. The separated endosperm, containing 80% galactomannan is then ground to different particle sizes depending upon final application.

Air & Water Reactions

The organic dusts can react violently when suspended in air in the presence of an ignitable source. . Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Guar gum is a ether-alcohol derivative, the ether being relatively unreactive. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Health Hazard

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition Guar gum emits irritating fumes and smoke.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for Guar gum are not available. However, Guar gum is probably combustible.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Guar gum is a galactomannan, commonly used in cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceutical formulations. It has also been investigated in the preparation of sustained-release matrix tablets in the place of cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose. In pharmaceuticals, guar gum is used in solid-dosage forms as a binder and disintegrant; in oral and topical products as a suspending, thickening, and stabilizing agent; and also as a controlled-release carrier. Guar gum has also been examined for use in colonic drug delivery. Guar-gum-based three-layer matrix tablets have been used experimentally in oral controlled-release formulations. Therapeutically, guar gum has been used as part of the diet of patients with diabetes mellitus. It has also been used as an appetite suppressant, although its use for this purpose, in tablet form, is now banned in the UK.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Guar gum has been shown to have numerous beneficial effects including improved glucose tolerance and attenuation of diabetic nephropathy.

Safety

Guar gum is widely used in foods, and oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations. Excessive consumption may cause gastrointestinal disturbance such as flatulence, diarrhea, or nausea. Therapeutically, daily oral doses of up to 25 g of guar gum have been administered to patients with diabetes mellitus. Although it is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant material, the safety of guar gum when used as an appetite suppressant has been questioned. When consumed, the gum swells in the stomach to promote a feeling of fullness. However, it is claimed that premature swelling of guar gum tablets may occur and cause obstruction of, or damage to, the esophagus. Consequently, appetite suppressants containing guar gum in tablet form have been banned in the UK. However, appetite suppressants containing microgranules of guar gum are claimed to be safe. The use of guar gum for pharmaceutical purposes is unaffected by the ban. In food applications, an acceptable daily intake of guar gum has not been specified by the WHO. LD50 (hamster, oral): 6.0 g/kg LD50 (mouse, oral): 8.1 g/kg LD50 (rabbit, oral): 7.0 g/kg LD50 (rat, oral): 6.77 g/kg

storage

Aqueous guar gum dispersions have a buffering action and are stable at pH 4.0–10.5. However, prolonged heating reduces the viscosity of dispersions. The bacteriological stability of guar gum dispersions may be improved by the addition of a mixture of 0.15% methylparaben and 0.02% propylparaben as a preservative. In food applications, benzoic acid, citric acid, sodium benzoate, or sorbic acid may be used. Guar gum powder should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Items

Standard

120mesh residue

1% max

200mesh residue

10% max

Moisture

10% max

pH

6.5-7.5

Apparent viscosity (30oC,170s,0.6%)mpa.s

110 min

Water insolubles

4% max

Crosslinking property

Can be picked up by glass rod

Fluidity

Good

Hydroxypropyl degree of substitution

0.30 min

Incompatibilities

Guar gum is compatible with most other plant hydrocolloids such as tragacanth. It is incompatible with acetone, ethanol (95%), tannins, strong acids, and alkalis. Borate ions, if present in the dispersing water, will prevent the hydration of guar gum. However, the addition of borate ions to hydrated guar gum produces cohesive structural gels and further hydration is then prevented. The gel formed can be liquefied by reducing the pH to below 7, or by heating.Guar gum may reduce the absorption of penicillin V from some formulations by a quarter.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral suspensions, syrups, and tablets; topical preparations; vaginal tablets). Also included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.