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1,3-Dihydroxyacetone

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Name

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone

EINECS 202-494-5
CAS No. 96-26-4 Density 1.283 g/cm3
PSA 57.53000 LogP -1.45990
Solubility >250 g/L (20 °C) in water Melting Point 75-80 °C
Formula C3H6O3 Boiling Point 213.7 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 90.0788 Flash Point 97.3 °C
Transport Information N/A Appearance white powder
Safety 24/25 Risk Codes N/A
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 96-26-4 (1,3-Dihydroxyacetone) Hazard Symbols N/A
Synonyms

1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone;Bis(hydroxymethyl) ketone;Chromelin;Dihydroxyacetone;Dihyxal;NSC 24343;Otan;Oxantin;Oxatone;Soleal;Triulose;Viticolor;a,a'-Dihydroxyacetone;1,3-Dihydroxyacetone;

Article Data 208

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Synthetic route

100-52-7

benzaldehyde

56-81-5

glycerol

A

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

B

100-51-6

benzyl alcohol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide at 120℃; for 7h; Inert atmosphere;A n/a
B 99%
With C40H50IrNP2 at 100℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;A 24 %Chromat.
B 46 %Chromat.
52941-82-9

2-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In water at 80℃; for 2h; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere;96%
56-81-5

glycerol

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical In water; acetonitrile at 60℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 12h;95%
With C32H30N4O4Pd2(2+); p-benzoquinone In water; acetonitrile at 23℃; for 4h; chemoselective reaction;92%
With C30H42N4O6Pd2(2+)*2CF3O3S(1-); p-benzoquinone In water; acetonitrile at 55℃; for 24h; Darkness; chemoselective reaction;87%
56-81-5

glycerol

A

79-14-1

glycolic Acid

B

473-81-4

glyceric acid

C

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In water at 60℃; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; chemoselective reaction;A 8.9%
B 89.9%
C 6.8%
With oxygen In water at 80℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 2h; pH=6.7; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;
With oxygen In water at 60℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 24h; Catalytic behavior; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; Time; High pressure;A 7.8 %Chromat.
B 55.4 %Chromat.
C 7.7 %Chromat.
56-81-5

glycerol

A

50-00-0

formaldehyd

B

80-69-3

tartronic acid

C

473-81-4

glyceric acid

D

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In water at 60℃; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; chemoselective reaction;A n/a
B n/a
C 84.9%
D 6.5%
56-81-5

glycerol

A

473-81-4

glyceric acid

B

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

C

56-82-6

Glyceraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen In water at 60℃; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave; chemoselective reaction;A 84.2%
B 9.5%
C 6.3%
With oxygen In water at 60℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 4h; Catalytic behavior;
With Pt-MCM-41 catalyst; oxygen In water at 69.84℃; under 760.051 Torr; pH=Ca. 7; Kinetics; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature;
50-00-0

formaldehyd

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Thiamine hydrochloride; triethylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 75℃;80%
With 3-hexylbenzothiazolium bromide; triethylamine In ethanol at 100℃; for 0.5h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Inert atmosphere;63.5%
With triethylamine; 3-ethylbenzothiazolium bromide In ethanol at 100℃; for 0.5h; Product distribution; Mechanism; different reagents, solvents catalysts, reaction time and temperature;
534-07-6

1,3-Dichloroacetone

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Amberlyst A26-OH- form resin In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 3h; Solvent;80%
With sodium hydroxide; ethanol; water at -22℃;
With sodium hydroxide at 50℃; for 1h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst;15.35 g
98-86-2

acetophenone

56-81-5

glycerol

A

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

B

98-85-1, 13323-81-4

1-Phenylethanol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With [IrCl(COD)(C3H2N2(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)(n-Bu))]; potassium hydroxide at 120℃; for 7h; Inert atmosphere;A n/a
B 80%
With C40H50IrNP2 at 120℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; chemoselective reaction;A 6 %Chromat.
B 8 %Chromat.
56-81-5

glycerol

A

849585-22-4

LACTIC ACID

B

96-26-4

dihydroxyacetone

C

56-82-6

Glyceraldehyde

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With silver dodecamolybdophosphate; oxygen In water at 60℃; under 3750.38 Torr; for 5h; Catalytic behavior; Reagent/catalyst; Autoclave;A 72%
B n/a
C n/a
With phosphomolybdic acid; dihydrogen peroxide at 60℃; for 0.133333h; Catalytic behavior;A 42%
B n/a
C n/a
With MoO40W12(3-)*Cr(3+); oxygen In water at 60℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 20h; Autoclave;A 12.9%
B 8.6%
C 5.9%

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Specification

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone,with the CAS registry number 96-26-4, is also named as Dihydroxyacetone; 2-Propanone, 1,3-dihydroxy; Chromelin. The product's categories are ketones and organic materials. In addition, it is white powder which is stable, combustible and hygroscopic. Thic chemical has a sweet cooling taste and a characteristic odor. But, people should avoid contact with skin and eyes. 

Physical properties about 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone are: (1)ACD/LogP: -0.779; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -0.78; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -0.78; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00 ; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 8.98; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 8.98; (8)#H bond acceptors: 3; (9)#H bond donors: 2; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 4; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.455; (12)Molar Refractivity: 19.047 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 70.187 cm3; (14)Polarizability: 7.551 10-24cm3; (15)Surface Tension: 53.7389984130859 dyne/cm; (16)Density: 1.283 g/cm3; (17)Flash Point: 97.331 °C; (18)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 52.34 kJ/mol; (19)Boiling Point: 213.704 °C at 760 mmHg; (20)Vapour Pressure: 0.0359999984502792 mmHg at 25°C

Preparation of 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone: It can be obtained by formaldehyde with calcium carbonate.

Preparation of 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone

Uses of 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone: It is an ingredient of suntan lotion that creates an artificial tan. It is also valuable as a chemical intermediate and as a catalyst in butadiene-styrene olymerization. This chemical is also can be used in organic synthesis. For example: It can react with (chloromethoxy-methyl)-benzene to get 1,3-bis[(benzyloxy)methoxy]-2-propanone. This reaction needs reagent diisopropylethylamine and solvent CH2Cl2 at ambient temperature. The reaction time is 24 hours. The yield is 79.3%.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1. SMILES: O=C(CO)CO;
2. InChI: InChI=1/C3H6O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h4-5H,1-2H2.

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
rabbit LD intraperitoneal > 8gm/kg (8000mg/kg)   United States Patent Document. Vol. #4049795,
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 8750mg/kg (8750mg/kg)   United States Patent Document. Vol. #4049795,
rat LDLo oral 80gm/kg (80000mg/kg)   United States Patent Document. Vol. #4049795,

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