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Acetonitrile (75-05-8)

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 Chemistry

Chemical Properties Colorless liquid
Molecular formula C2H3N
Molar mass 41.05 g mol?1
Appearance colorless liquid
Density 0.786 g/mL liquid
Melting point ?45 °C
Boiling point 82 °C
Solubility in water miscible
Solubility organic solvents
Acidity (pKa) 25
Flash point 2 °C

 Uses

It is widely used as a polar aprotic solvent in synthetic chemistry, and as a medium-polarity solvent in HPLC.

 Production

Acetonitrile is a by-product from the manufacture of acrylonitrile.Production trends for acetonitrile thus generally follow those of acrylonitrile. Acetonitrile can also be produced by many other methods, but these are of no commercial importance as of 2002. Illustrative routes are by dehydration of acetamide or by hydrogenation of mixtures of carbon monoxide and ammonia.The four main producers of acetonitrile in the world are: INEOS, DuPont, Panreac, and J.T. Baker Chemical. In 1992, 32.3 million pounds of acetonitrile were produced in the US.

 Toxicity Data With Reference

Acetonitrile has only a modest toxicity,but it can be metabolised to produce hydrogen cyanide.
RTECS number AL7700000

 Consensus Reports
Related NITRILES propionitrile, BUTYRONITRILE
Related compounds acetic acid, acetamide, ethylamine
 Safety Profile

Hazard Codes  F,Xi,Xn,T
Risk Statements  11-36-20/21/22-10-36/37/38-23/24/25-41-24-20/22
Safety Statements  16-36/37-45-36/37/39-27-26-36
RIDADR  UN 1993 3/PG 3
WGK Germany  2
F  9
Hazard Note  Highly Flammable/Harmful/Irritant
HazardClass  3

  • Acetonitrile Basic information

  • Product Name:Acetonitrile
  • CAS No:75-05-8
  • Formula:C2H3N
  • Molecular Structure of (<span class=bigs><a href=/cas-75/75-05-8.html />75-05-8</a></span>) (ACETONITRILE)