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Basic information

  • Name:

  • Acyclovir

  • CAS No.:

  • 59277-89-3

  • Formula:
  • C8H11N5O3
  • Synonyms:
  • 9-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methylguanine;Product;Prestwick_6;Acyclovir USP;ACV;Aciclovirum [Latin];2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-6H-purin-6-one;6H-Purin-6-one,2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9- [(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-;9-[(2-Hydroxyethoxy)-methyl]guanine;Wellcome-248U;Acycloguanosine;Zovirax;Aciclovirum [INN-Latin];9-((2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl)guanine;Zovirax (TN);Acyclovir [USAN];Vipral;BW-248U;Virorax;Acyclovir (USP);Aciclovir (JAN);2-amino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-3H-purin-6-one;W-248-U;BW 248U;ACG;

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Chemistry


IUPAC Name: 2-Amino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-3H-purin-6-one
Molecular Formula: C8H11N5O3 
Molecular Weight: 225.21 g/mol 
EINECS: 261-685-1
Melting point: 256-257 °C
Storage tempreture: -20 °C
Water solubility: 0.7 mg/mL
Index of Refraction: 1.762
Density: 1.77 g/cm3
Flash Point: 313.6 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 93.25 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 595 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 5.29E-15 mmHg at 25 °C
Appearance: White to light yellow crystal powder
Product Category of Acyclovir (CAS NO.59277-89-3): Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients;Purine;Nucleotides and Nucleosides;Antivirals for Research and Experimental Use;Biochemistry;Chemical Reagents for Pharmacology Research;Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Related Reagents

Uses

 Acyclovir (CAS NO.59277-89-3) is a commonly-used antiviral drug and is used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections.

Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
child TDLo oral 3gm/kg/22W-I (3000mg/kg) BLOOD: AGRANULOCYTOSIS
BLOOD: THROMBOCYTOPENIA		 American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 16, Pg. 396, 1998.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 intravenous 400mg/kg (400mg/kg)   Pharmacy International. Vol. 5, Pg. 191, 1984.
man TDLo intravenous 134ug/kg/1D-I (0.134mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS" Lancet. Vol. 2, Pg. 385, 1985.
man TDLo intravenous 107mg/kg/4D-I (107mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: "CHANGES IN TUBULES (INCLUDING ACUTE RENAL FAILURE, ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS)"		 American Journal of Kidney Diseases. Vol. 22, Pg. 611, 1993.
man TDLo oral 486mg/kg/17D- (486mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: DECREASED MOTILITY OR CONSTIPATION
GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES		 American Journal of Gastroenterology. Vol. 88, Pg. 2110, 1993.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 724mg/kg (724mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 25, Pg. 815, 1994.
mouse LD50 intravenous 1118mg/kg (1118mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 16, Pg. 866, 1985.
mouse LD50 oral > 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg)   Nature. Vol. 272, Pg. 583, 1978.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 1118mg/kg (1118mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 16, Pg. 866, 1985.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 860mg/kg (860mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 16, Pg. 866, 1985.
rat LD50 intravenous 750mg/kg (750mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 25, Pg. 815, 1994.
rat LD50 oral > 20gm/kg (20000mg/kg)   Drugs in Japan Vol. -, Pg. 7, 1990.
rat LD50 subcutaneous 620mg/kg (620mg/kg)   Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 16, Pg. 866, 1985.
women LDLo multiple routes 36mg/kg/2D-I (36mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: OTHER DEGENERATIVE CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES		 American Journal of Kidney Diseases. Vol. 20, Pg. 647, 1992.
women TDLo intravenous 101mg/kg/2D-I (101mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)		 American Journal of Medicine. Vol. 94, Pg. 212, 1993.
women TDLo oral 12mg/kg/1D-I (12mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: MENINGEAL CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
BEHAVIORAL: ANTIPSYCHOTIC		 Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 87, Pg. 1227, 1994.
women TDLo oral 28mg/kg/2D-I (28mg/kg) BRAIN AND COVERINGS: CHANGES IN SURFACE EEG
BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: SPUTUM		 Southern Medical Journal. Vol. 87, Pg. 1227, 1994.
women TDLo oral 80mg/kg/4D-I (80mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
BEHAVIORAL: "HALLUCINATIONS, DISTORTED PERCEPTIONS"		 Annals of Internal Medicine. Vol. 111, Pg. 187, 1989.
women TDLo oral 100mg/kg/5D-I (100mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" British Medical Journal. Vol. 289, Pg. 1424, 1984.

Safety Profile

Hazard Codes: IrritantXi
Risk Statements: 36/37/38 
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Statements: 22-24/25-36-26 
S22: Do not breathe dust. 
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing.

Specification

 Acyclovir , its cas register number is 59277-89-3. It also can be called 9-[(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine ; 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-6H-purin-6-one ; and Acycloguanosine . It is commonly marketed as tablets (200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg and 1 gram), topical cream (5%), intravenous injection (25 mg/mL) and ophthalmic ointment (3%).

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