1. Introduction Of Barium Chloride(CAS No.: 10361-37-2)

Barium Chloride(CAS No.: 10361-37-2), being the salts of barium, is a kind of colorless monoclinic crystalline, and it has two types of α type (colorless monoclinic crystal) and β type(colorless cubic crystalline). This chemical is stable in normal condition and it is not combustible. Besides, it will give off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

As to its usage, Barium Chloride can be applied in many fields. When used in industry, it is used in treatment of metal heats, production of pigments and barium salt, purification of brine solution; When used in laboratory, it could be applied as the dehydrating agent, analytical reagent and water softener and it could also be used for testing sulfate and selenium acid salt. What's more, it is used in fireworks to give a bright green color.

The relevant products of Barium Chloride are many, such as Barium Chloride Dihydrate (CAS NO.: 10326-27-9). Barium Chloride Dihydrate, with its formula of BaCl₂ . 2H₂O, has its IUPAC name of barium(2+) dichloride dihydrate. Being a kind of colorless monoclinic crystal or white crystal, it is hygroscopic and it is soluble in water and methyl alcohol while nearly insoluble in ethanol, acetone. As to its usage, it could be used in production of barium salt, purification of saline and boiler feed water, preparation of pigment; When in lab, it is often used to be as analytical reagent and watrer softener. What is more, it should be kept in cool and dry place, away from fire and heat.

2. Basic information of Barium Chloride

1). General knowledge of Barium Chloride

Barium Chloride, with its chemical formula of BaCl₂ and the molecular weight of 208.23, has its systematic name of barium dichloride. And it has its EINECS number of 233-788-1 and its IUPAC name is barium(2+) dichloride. Besides, it belongs to the product categories which include Inorganic Chemicals; Inorganics; Barium Salts; BariumMetal and Ceramic Science; Crystal Grade Inorganics; Salts; Synthetic Reagents and so on.

Being hygroscopic, it is soluble in water, slightly soluble in hydrochloric acid & nitric acid and highly-slight soluble in alcohol. Besides, it could easily react with metal chloride to form eutectoid. When store it, it should be kept in the tightly closed container in the cool, dry, ventilated area,  away from sources of heat, moisture and incompatibilities.

2). Properties of Barium Chloride

The other characteristics of Barium Chloride can be summarized as: (1)Density: 3.888 (g/mL,25/4℃); (2)Boiling Point: 1560C (2840F); (3)Melting Point: 965C (1765F); (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1; (6)H-Bond Acceptor: 2; (7)Exact Mass: 207.842946; (8)MonoIsotopic Mass: 207.842946; (9)Heavy Atom Count: 3; (10)Complexity: 2.8; (11)Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3.

Specifications of Barium chloride dihydrate:

No	Characteristics
1	Appearance	white powder
2	Mass fraction of barium chloride (BaCI2*2H2O)	No less than 98%
3	Insoluble in water balance	No more than 0,087%
4	Sodium (Na)	No more than 0,20 %
5	Calcium (Ca)	No more than 0,36 %
6	Ferrum (Fe)	No more than 0,002 %
7	Strontium (Sr)	No more than 0,16 %
8	Mass fraction of sulphides in terms of  BaS	No more than 0,01 %

3). Preparation & use of Barium Chloride

Preparation:
(1). Heat Barium Chloride Dihydrate to the temperature +150℃ and then go through the process of dehydration to obtain Barium Chloride. The chemical reaction formula is as below:
BaCl₂·2H₂O[△]→BaCl₂+2H₂O₂).
(2). Barium Chloride could be prepared through the following reaction routes which is usually applied in the industry scale:
BaSO₄ + 4 C → BaS + 4 CO
BaS + CaCl₂ → BaCl₂ + CaS
Use:
Barium Chloride could used to produce other chemicals, below are the two examples:
Ba₂+(aq) + SO₄^2-(aq) → BaSO₄(s)
Ba₂+(aq) + C₂O₄^2-(aq) → BaC₂O₄(s)

4). Safety Information of Barium Chloride

When comes to its safety, you should be cautious. For one thing, Barium Chloride is irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin and may cause inflammation to the skin or other mucous membranes. If contact with eyes and skin, it will cause redness and pain. For another thing, Barium Chloride is harmful if by inhalation or swallowed and may cause damage to health. If by inhalation, it will cause sore throat, coughing, labored breathing and even the parallel ingestion. If by ingestion, it will cause abdominal cramps, convulsions, dullness, unconsciousness and vomiting and even the severe gastroenteritis. What's more, it is toxic which may at low levels cause damage to health.

Therefore, you should take the following instructions to protect yourself while dealing with Barium Chloride. Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. If in case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water for several minutes and seek medical advice; If in case of contact with skin, you should remove contaminated clothes and then rinse skin with plenty of water or shower; If by inhalation, you should need fresh air, and then take a rest. At the same time, the artificial respiration may be needed, and you could also refer for medical attention; If by ingestion, you should induce vomiting and then refer for medical attention. If in case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

5). Descriptors Of Structure

1). SMILES: [Ba+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]
2). InChI: InChI=1/Ba.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
3). InChIKey: WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-NUQVWONBAL
4). Std.InChI: InChI=1S/Ba.2ClH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
5). Std.InChIKey: WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L

6). Toxicity of Barium Chloride

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
cat	LDLo	intravenous	40mg/kg (40mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
cat	LDLo	subcutaneous	18mg/kg (18mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
dog	LD50	unreported	90mg/kg (90mg/kg)		New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
dog	LDLo	oral	90mg/kg (90mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973.
dog	LDLo	subcutaneous	10mg/kg (10mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
domestic animals - goat/sheep	LDLo	parenteral	7mg/kg (7mg/kg)	PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS	New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
frog	LDLo	subcutaneous	910mg/kg (910mg/kg)		"Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1289, 1935.
guinea pig	LD50	oral	76mg/kg (76mg/kg)		Food Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 313, 1942.
guinea pig	LDLo	subcutaneous	55mg/kg (55mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973.
horse/donkey	LD50	unreported	800mg/kg (800mg/kg)		New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
mammal (species unspecified)	LD50	oral	398mg/kg (398mg/kg)	AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: OTHER (DIRECT) PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING	Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 28(6), Pg. 45, 1984.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	39mg/kg (39mg/kg)		Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 10, Pg. 107, 1975.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	12mg/kg (12mg/kg)		Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 22, Pg. 150, 1972.
mouse	LD50	unreported	7mg/kg (7mg/kg)		New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
mouse	LDLo	oral	70mg/kg (70mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
mouse	LDLo	subcutaneous	10mg/kg (10mg/kg)		National Technical Information Service. Vol. AEC-TR-6710,
rabbit	LD50	unreported	170mg/kg (170mg/kg)		New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
rabbit	LDLo	intravenous	15mg/kg (15mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
rabbit	LDLo	oral	170mg/kg (170mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973.
rabbit	LDLo	parenteral	20mg/kg (20mg/kg)	GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED	Medicina del Lavoro. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 30, Pg. 44, 1939.
rabbit	LDLo	subcutaneous	40mg/kg (40mg/kg)		Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. Vol. 1, Pg. 1, 1975.
rat	LD50	oral	118mg/kg (118mg/kg)		Food Research. Vol. 7, Pg. 313, 1942.
rat	LD50	subcutaneous	178mg/kg (178mg/kg)		"Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 53, 1973.
rat	LD50	unreported	150mg/kg (150mg/kg)		New Zealand Veterinary Journal. Vol. 47, Pg. 150, 1999.
rat	LDLo	intravenous	20mg/kg (20mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES	Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. Vol. 15, Pg. 35, 1929.

3. Package & Storage

1). In a cool, dry and ventilated place seal storage.
2). Barium Chloride can also be packed according to the customer requirements and packaging specifications.