- METHODS FOR TREATING CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME AND MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS
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In one aspect the invention relates to a method of treatment selected from the group consisting of: (a) treating a symptom such as pain in a subject identified or diagnosed as having Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS); (b) treating a symptom such as pain in a subject having dysfunctional TRPM3 ion channel activity; (c) restoring NK cell function in a subject having dysfunctional TRPM3 ion channel activity; and (d) restoring calcium homeostasis in a subject having dysfunctional TRPM3 ion channel activity. The method comprises the step of administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one therapeutic compound selected from the group consisting of: (i) an opioid receptor antagonist; (ii) an opioid antagonist; and (iii) a therapeutic compound that restores TRPM3 ion channel activity. In some embodiments the therapeutic compound is naltrexone hydrochloride.
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- A high-purity process for the preparation of nateglinide
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A preparation method of high-purity nateglinide comprises the following steps: trans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is taken as a starting material, acyl chloride obtained by chlorinating sulfoxide chloride reacts with D-phenylalanine, the reaction product is subjected to acid hydrolysis to obtain B-type nateglinide, and then the B-type nateglinide is transformed in ethyl alcohol to obtain H-type nateglinide. The method is simple to operate, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the yield is higher and the product quality is high.
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Paragraph 0028; 0030-0032
(2017/05/04)
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- A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF NATEGLINIDE
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The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substantially pure nateglinide of formula (I), substantially free from the cis-isomer and L-enantiomer and preparation of enantiomerically pure nateglinide form B, directly from the hydrolysis of a (-)-N-(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl-1-carbonyl)-D-phenylalanine alkyl ester in a ketonic solvent or water or mixture thereof.
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Page/Page column 22-23
(2012/01/06)
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- A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF N-[[TRANS-4-(1-METHYLETHYL)CYCLOHEXYL]CARBONYL]-D-PHENYLALANINE
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The present invention is directed to an novel, industrially viable and cost effective process for preparation of substantially pure N-[[trans-4-(l-methylethyl) cyclohexyl] carbonyl]-D- phenylalanine commonly known as Nateglinide.
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Page/Page column 18
(2010/10/03)
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- A NOVEL AND IMPROVED PROCESS FRO THE PREPARATION OF NATEGLINIDE AND ITS POLYMORPH FORM-H
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Nateglinide is prepared by an improved process comprising reaction of trans-4-isopropyl cyclohexane carbonyl chloride with N,O-bis- trimethylsilyl protected D-phenyl alanine to give after aqueous workup, crude nateglinide which is converted to Nateglinide form- H using a mixture of cyclohexane / ethyl acetate. trans-4-isopropyl cyclohexane carbonyl chloride is prepared from trans-4- isopropyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid using oxalyl chloride.
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Page/Page column 10
(2008/06/13)
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- Crystalline form of nateglinide
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Provided are crystalline forms of nateglinide, labeled Forms A, C, D, F, G, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, T, U, V, Y, α, β, γ, δ, ε, σ, θ and Ω, processes for their preparation and processes for preparation of other crystalline forms of nateglinide. Also provided are their pharmaceutical formulations and methods of administration.
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- USE OF SUBSTITUTED 2 PHENYLBENZIMIDAZOLES AS MEDICAMENTS
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The present invention relates to the use of a substituted 2-phenylbenzimidazole of formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R 4, R5 and m have the meanings given in the claims, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of diseases involving glucagon receptors, as well as new compounds of formula I wherein R1 is a group of formula
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF NATEGLINIDE
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One-pot process for the preparation of nateglinide, which process comprises reacting an alkyl ester of D-phenylalanine of formula (II) where R represents C1-4alkyl, typically methyl, either as the free base or in salt form (typically the hydrochloride), with trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid of formula (III) where X represents hydroxy or halo, typically chloro, to obtain a C1-4 alkyl ester of nateglinide of formula (IV), preferably the methyl ester of nateglinide followed by hydrolysis to yield nateglinide of formula (I).
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Page/Page column 14-16
(2010/02/15)
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- Process for the preparation of nateglinide, preferably in b-form
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The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of nateglinide, preferably in B-form, substantially free from the H-form, comprising three steps starting from D-phenylalanine methyl ester or a salt thereof.
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Page/Page column 7; 8-9
(2010/02/11)
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- PROCESS FOR PRODUCING NATEGLINIDE CRYSTAL
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There is provided methods for producing nateglinide crystals, which comprises the steps of adding an acid(s) to a reaction mixture containing nateglinide to make it acidic, the reaction mixture being obtained by reacting trans-4-isopropylcyclohexylcarbonyl chloride with D-phenylalanine in a mixed solvent of ketone solvent and water in the presence of an alkali; and then adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 58°C to 72°C and the concentration of ketone solvent to more than 8wt% and less than 22wt% to conduct precipitation of nateglinide crystals. This producing method is the industrially beneficial methods for crystallization of nateglinide.
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- Combinations comprising dipeptidylpeptidase-iv inhibitor
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The invention relates to a combination which comprises a DPP-IV inhibitor and at least one further antidiabetic compound, preferably selected from the group consisting of insulin signalling pathway modulators, like inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), non-small molecule mimetic compounds and inhibitors of glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), compounds influencing a dysregulated hepatic glucose production, like inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), inhibitors of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F-1,6-BPase), inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase (GP), glucagon receptor antagonists and inhibitors of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK) inhibitors, insulin sensitivity enhancers, insulin secretion enhancers, α-glucosidase inhibitors, inhibitors of gastric emptying, insulin, and α2-adrenergic antagonists, for simultaneous, separate or sequential use in the prevention, delay of progression or treatment of conditions mediated by dipeptidylpeptidase-IV (DPP-IV), in particular diabetes, more especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, conditions of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), conditions of impaired fasting plasma glucose, metabolic acidosis, ketosis, arthritis, obesity and osteoporosis; and the use of such combination for the cosmetic treatment of a mammal in order to effect a cosmetically beneficial loss of body weight.
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- N-(Cyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanines and related compounds. A new class of oral hypoglycemic agents. 2
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A series of analogues of N-(cyclohexylcarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine (5) have been synthesized and evaluated for their hypoglycemic activity. Relationships were studied between the activity and the three-dimensional structure of the acyl moiety, which was characterized by high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy and MNDO calculations. The role of the carboxyl group of the phenylalanine moiety was also studied by comparing the activities of the enantiomers, the decarboxyl derivative, the esters, and the amides of the phenylalanine derivatives. Thus, the structural requirements for possessing hypoglycemic activity was elucidated and a highly active compound, N-[(trans-4-isopropylcyclohexyl)carbonyl]-D-phenylalanine (13) was obtained, which showed a 20% blood glucose decrease at an oral dose of 1.6 mg/kg in fasted normal mice.
- Shinkai,Nishikawa,Sato,Toi,Kumashiro,Seto,Fukama,Dan,Toyoshoma
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p. 1436 - 1441
(2007/10/02)
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- Hypoglycemic agent
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A compound of D-phenylalanine derivative for hypoglycemic use, represented by the general formula STR1 R1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, aryl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, STR2 --CH2 CO2 R3, --CH(CH3)--OCO--R3, and --CH2 --OCO--C(CH3)3 ; R2 is selected from groups comprising aryl of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, a hetero six-membered ring, a hetero five-membered ring, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkenyl, any of which groups may have one or more substituents; and R3 is selected from hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms; the salts thereof, and precursors which can be converted thereto in the human or animal body. Some of the compounds are novel per se.
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