- Unexpected multicomponent reaction of 2/4-methoxyarylaldehydes with arylhydroxylamines and maleic anhydride: a novel synthesis of unsymmetrical diarylamines
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Unsymmetrical diarylamines have been synthesized by a novel, unexpected multicomponent reaction between methoxyarylaldehydes, N-arylhydroxylamine and maleic anhydride. A possible mechanism for the formation of the product is proposed. The reaction was also carried out under microwave irradiation.
- Sridharan,Karthikeyan,Muthusubramanian
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- Immobilization of nickel ions onto the magnetic nanocomposite based on cross-linked melamine groups: Effective heterogeneous catalyst for N-Arylation of Arylboronic acids
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A new magnetic heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized by immobilization of nickel ions onto a cross-linked polymeric nanocomposite composed of cyanuric chloride, ethylenediamine and functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting nitrogen rich support was capable of adsorbing large amounts of nickel ions (1.20 mmol g?1). The synthesized catalyst was characterized using AAS, TEM, FT-IR, EDX, TGA, SEM, BET and XRD techniques. The performance of the prepared catalyst was investigated in the C-N coupling of arylamines with aryl boronic acids. The reaction was carried out under a mild condition and good to moderate to good yields of products was obtained using only 5.0 mol% of the catalyst. The catalyst was easily recovered and reused for at least 7 times without any significant loss of its activity.
- Pourjavadi, Ali,Keshavarzi, Nahid,Moghaddam, Firouz Matloubi,Hosseini, Seyed Hassan
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- A highly active palladium catalyst system for the arylation of anilines
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The chelating ligand bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether (DPEphos), in combination with palladium acetate, forms a highly active catalyst system for the coupling of anilines with aryl bromides. The bisphosphine is easily prepared in large quantity and
- Sadighi, Joseph P.,Harris, Michele C.,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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- A diaminochlorophosphine for palladium-catalyzed arylations of amines and ketones
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Sterically hindered substituents on a secondary chlorophosphine 1 prevent formation of a diaminooxophosphine, and thereby allow for highly efficient arylation reactions of amines and α-C-H acidic ketones with (hetero)aryl chlorides.
- Ackermann, Lutz,Spatz, Julia H.,Gschrei, Christian J.,Born, Robert,Althammer, Andreas
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- The First Rapid Palladium-Catalyzed Aminations of (Azahetero)aryl Chlorides under Temperature-Controlled Microwave Heating
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Fast palladium-catalyzed animations of activated and unactivated azaheteroaryl chlorides as well as unactivated aryl chlorides have been achieved using temperature-controlled microwave heating. Good yields (75-91%) were obtained in a reaction time of only 10 minutes.
- Maes, Bert U. W.,Loones, Kristof T. J.,Lemière, Guy L. F.,Dommisse, Roger A.
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- The solid copper-mediated C-N cross-coupling of phenylboronic acids under continuous flow conditions
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We have developed two general methods for the C-N cross-coupling of phenylboronic acids with amines using solid copper flow reactors, in combination with an oxidant. We have developed one method for a C-N arylation reaction which employs a solid copper coil reactor, in combination with tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, to give products in moderate isolated yields. We have also developed a general method for the C-N cross coupling of phenylboronic acids using a column packed with solid copper powder, in combination with acetic acid and TEMPO, to give products in isolated yields in excess of 75+%. We have also applied our general copper powder method to generate a library of products which highlights the utility of solid copper flow reactors for C-N cross coupling reactions, generating 16 examples in good yields. Mechanistic implications and future directions are also discussed.
- Bao, Jennifer,Tranmer, Geoffrey K.
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- Cu(I)–N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed base free C–N bond formation of arylboronic acids with amines and azoles
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A new N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursor of imidazolium chloride and its corresponding Cu(I)–NHC complex 1 was synthesized. The complex 1 was found to be a highly effective catalyst for Chan-Evans-Lam coupling of arylboronic acid with amines and azoles (including imidazole, pyrazole and triazole), without addition of base at room temperature. Various substituents on three substrates can be tolerated, giving the desired coupling products in good to excellent yields (62–94%). The method is practical and offers an alternative to the corresponding copper-catalyzed Chan-Evans-Lam process for the construction of C–N bonds.
- Zhang, Maoyuan,Xu, Zengbing,Shi, Dabin
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- Synthesis and characterization of new square planar heteroleptic cationic complexes [Ni(ii) β-oxodithioester-dppe]+; Their use as a catalyst for Chan-Lam coupling
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Novel heteroleptic [Ni(ii) β-oxodithioester-dppe]+PF6- complexes (β-oxodithioester = methyl-3-hydroxy-3-benzyl-2-propenedithioate L1 1, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenedithioate L2 2, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(naphthyl)-2-propenedithioate L3 3, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L4 4, methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-bromophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L5 5 and methyl-3-hydroxy-3-(p-cyanophenyl)-2-propenedithioate L6 6) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental (C, H, N) analysis, ESI-MS, IR, UV-visible, 1H, 13C{1H}, 31P{1H} and 19F{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The distorted square planar structures of the isomorphous cationic complexes 2, 3, 4 and 5 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The catalytic activities of 1-6 were investigated for the Chan-Lam coupling reaction involving arylboronic acids and amines to afford N-arylated products in good to excellent yields under mild conditions with 1 mol% catalyst loading. This catalytic protocol offers significant functional group tolerance, and is endowed with a broad substrate scope. This journal is
- Kumari, Kavita,Kumar, Saurabh,Singh, Krishna Nand,Drew, Michael G. B.,Singh, Nanhai
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p. 12143 - 12153
(2020/07/30)
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- Well-Designed N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands for Palladium-Catalyzed Denitrative C-N Coupling of Nitroarenes with Amines
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The C-N bond formation is one of the fundamental reactions in organic chemistry, because of the widespread presence of amine moieties in pharmaceuticals and biologically active compounds. Palladium-catalyzed C-N coupling of haloarenes represents one of the most efficient approaches to aromatic amines. Nitroarenes are ideal alternative electrophilic coupling partners, since they are inexpensive and readily available. The denitration and cross-coupling using nitroarenes as the electrophilic partners is challenging, because of the low reactivity of the Ar-NO2 bond toward oxidative addition. We report here the C-N coupling of nitroarenes and amines using palladium/5-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)imidazolylidene[1,5-a]pyridines as the catalyst. The ligands are readily available from commercial chemicals. The reaction shows broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. The method is applicable to both aromatic and aliphatic amines, and many secondary and tertiary aromatic amines bearing various functional groups were obtained in high yields.
- Chen, Kai,Chen, Wanzhi,Chen, Wei,Liu, Miaochang,Wu, Huayue
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p. 8110 - 8115
(2019/08/26)
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- Method for catalyzing nitro-arene and amine compound to be synthesized into aromatic amine compounds through palladium/imidazolium salt
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The invention discloses a method for catalyzing nitro-arene and an amine compound to be synthesized into aromatic amine through palladium/imidazolium salt. The method comprises the steps that in an organic solvent, the palladium/imidazolium salt is taken as a catalyst, the nitro-arene and the amine compound are subjected to a coupling reaction under the function of alkali, and then the aromatic amine compounds are obtained through aftertreatment. The method is simple in ligand synthesis, storage is facilitated, the price is low, the use quantity of ligands is low, the yield of the product is high, and the substrates have high applicability and are suitable for preparing diarylamine and N-alkylated arylamine. The method can be used for synthesizing a series of aromatic amine compounds, andthe aromatic amine compounds have high application value in the fields of pesticides, medicines, materials and the like.
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Paragraph 0051-0055
(2019/10/01)
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- Copper immobilized at a covalent organic framework: An efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Chan-Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines
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A polyimide covalent organic framework (PI-COF) with high thermal and chemical stabilities has been readily prepared from commercially available and inexpensive reagents and was employed as an effective support for heterogeneous copper. It was demonstrated that the obtained Cu@PI-COF is a highly active heterogeneous catalyst which can effectively promote the Chan-Lam coupling reaction of aryl boronic acids and amines in an open flask without the aid of any base or additive. In addition, the catalyst could be readily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and reused for at least eight cycles without any observable change in structure and catalytic activity.
- Han, Yi,Zhang, Mo,Zhang, Ya-Qing,Zhang, Zhan-Hui
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p. 4891 - 4900
(2018/11/21)
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- Base-assisted, copper-catalyzed N-arylation of (benz)imidazoles and amines with diarylborinic acids
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N-Arylation of (benz)imidazoles and amines with diarylborinic acids as cost-effective aryl source has been efficiently effected via Cu(OAc)2-catalyzed Chan-Lam coupling in assistance of tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) in methanol and pyridine (Py) in dichloromethane, respectively, in air at room temperature. The diarylborinic acids could be well accommodated by the Chan-Lam coupling oxidative conditions containing a proper combination of bases and solvents. The steric hindrance appeared to affect the copper-catalyzed N-arylation using the high-order arylboron reagent more significantly than the electronic factors, especially for low reactive anilines and aliphatic amines.
- Guan, Changwei,Feng, Yuanyuan,Zou, Gang,Tang, Jie
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p. 6906 - 6913
(2017/11/03)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl 2-Pyridyl Ethers via Cleavage of the Carbon-Oxygen Bond
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Reaction of aryl 2-pyridyl ethers with amines was carried out via Ni-catalyzed C-OPy bond cleavage, giving aniline derivatives in reasonable to excellent yields. Both electron-rich and electron-poor aryl 2-pyridyl ethers and a wide range of amines can be used in the transformation. The method provides a conversion way for the 2-pyridyloxy directing group in the C-H bond functionalization reactions.
- Li, Jing,Wang, Zhong-Xia
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supporting information
p. 3723 - 3726
(2017/07/26)
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- A method of synthesis of natural product Glycozolicine
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The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a natural product Glycozolicine, and belongs to the field of organic synthesis. The method comprises the following steps: catalyzing the reaction of 6-diazo-2-cyclohexene-1-ketone and paratoluidine by usin
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Paragraph 0030; 0031
(2017/02/23)
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- Water-soluble palladacycles containing hydroxymethyl groups: Synthesis, crystal structures and use as catalysts for amination and Suzuki coupling of reactions
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Two water-soluble monophosphine [PPh3 and 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl(Sphos)]-palladacycles containing hydroxymethyl groups 2-3 were prepared by cyclopalladation and chloride bridge-splitting reactions. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, ESI-MS and NMR. In addition, single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that they have one-dimensional lamellar structures involving intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions. The use of these palladacycles as catalysts for amination and Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides in water was investigated. Complex 3 was found to be very efficient for these coupling reactions. Additionally, it was also successfully used in Suzuki coupling of (hydroxymethyl)phenylboronic acid for the synthesis of substituted 2-N-heterocyclic biarylmethanols.
- Han, Xin,Li, Hong-Mei,Xu, Chen,Xiao, Zhi-Qiang,Wang, Zhi-Qiang,Fu, Wei-Jun,Hao, Xin-Qi,Song, Mao-Ping
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p. 403 - 411
(2016/04/19)
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- Copper-catalyzed N=H insertion and oxidative aromatization cascade: Facile synthesis of 2-arylaminophenols
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A copper-catalyzed cascade reaction of N-H insertion and oxidative aromatization has been developed. 2-Arylaminophenols have been prepared in moderate to high yields from the diazo substrates. Moreover, this newly established methodology allows efficient access to natural 1-oxygenated carbazole alkaloids, such as glycozolicine and murrayafoline A. Copper falls: A copper-catalyzed cascade reaction of N=H insertion and oxidative aromatization yields 2-arylaminophenols. This newly established methodology also allows efficient access to natural 1-oxygenated carbazole alkaloids, such as glycozolicine and murrayafoline A.
- Ding, Dong,Lv, Xiaobing,Li, Jian,Xu, Guangyang,Ma, Bing,Sun, Jiangtao
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supporting information
p. 1539 - 1542
(2014/06/09)
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- Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-7-methylcarbazole, glycozolicine, mukoline, mukolidine, sansoakamine, clausine-H, and clausine-K and structural revision of clausine-TY
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A Buchwald-Hartwig amination and palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidative cyclization reaction sequence provided efficient access to a series of oxygenated tricyclic carbazoles. In the present work, this approach was applied to the total syntheses of the natural
- Schuster, Christian,Boerger, Carsten,Julich-Gruner, Konstanze K.,Hesse, Ronny,Jaeger, Anne,Kaufmann, Gyoerley,Schmidt, Arndt W.,Knoelker, Hans-Joachim
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p. 4741 - 4752
(2014/08/05)
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- Nickel-mediated N-arylation with arylboronic acids: An avenue to Chan-Lam coupling
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An efficient use of NiCl2·6H2O, for the cross-coupling of arylboronic acids with various N-nucleophiles, has been demonstrated. The method is practical and offers an alternative to the corresponding Cu-mediated Chan-Lam process for the construction of the C-N bond.
- Raghuvanshi, Dushyant Singh,Gupta, Amit Kumar,Singh, Krishna Nand
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supporting information
p. 4326 - 4329
(2012/10/29)
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- Efficient catalytic aryl amination of bromoarenes using 3-iminophosphine palladium(II) chloride
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While pursuing the development of new hydroamination catalysts, a 3-iminophosphine palladium(II) chloride complex [(3IP)PdCl2] was synthesized that has subsequently proven to be an effective precatalyst for the aryl amination of bromoarenes. This (3IP)PdCl2 complex has been utilized in the catalytic aryl amination of both bromobenzene and bromopyridine derivatives, specifically yielding excellent activity in coupling reactions involving bromobenzene, 4-bromotoluene, and 2-bromopyridine. Using a standard set of catalytic conditions, many alkyl and aryl amines have been investigated as coupling partners in the aryl amination of bromoarenes. In general, secondary alkyl amines and ortho-substituted anilines proved to be the best substrates for this reaction, commonly giving quantitative conversion to products, while primary amines and other anilines gave only poor to moderate results. Catalytic screening data, product yields, and full characterization of isolated products are included.
- Samblanet, Danielle C.,Schmidt, Joseph A. R.
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p. 7 - 18,12
(2012/12/12)
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- Synthetic approach for constructing the 1-oxygenated carbazole core and its application to the preparation of natural alkaloids
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An efficient synthetic approach for the construction of the 1-oxygenated carbazole core is described. The condensation of cyclohexane-1,2-diones with a series of anilines yielded the corresponding 2-anilinocyclohex-2-en-1-ones, followed by the one-pot aromatization/methylation process of the latter to provide N-aryl-2-methoxyanilines. A palladium(II)-catalyzed cyclization of these N-aryl-2-methoxyanilines afforded the desired 1-methoxycarbazole frame in high overall yields. This protocol was implemented for the total synthesis of the naturally occurring glycozolicine and 6-methoxymurrayanine.
- Bautista, Rafael,Jerezano, Alberto V.,Tamariz, Joaquin
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p. 3327 - 3336,10
(2012/12/11)
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- Synthetic approach for constructing the 1-oxygenated carbazole core and its application to the preparation of natural alkaloids
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An efficient synthetic approach for the construction of the 1-oxygenated carbazole core is described. The condensation of cyclohexane-1,2-diones with a series of anilines yielded the corresponding 2-anilinocyclohex-2-en-1-ones, followed by the one-pot aromatization/methylation process of the latter to provide N-aryl-2-methoxyanilines. A palladium(II)-catalyzed cyclization of these N-aryl-2-methoxyanilines afforded the desired 1-methoxycarbazole frame in high overall yields. This protocol was implemented for the total synthesis of the naturally occurring glycozolicine and 6-methoxymurrayanine. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
- Bautista, Rafael,Jerezano, Alberto V.,Tamariz, Joaquín
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p. 3327 - 3336
(2013/01/15)
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- Iron/copper-cocatalyzed ullmann N,O-arylation using FeCl3, CuO, and rac-1,1′-Binaphthyl-2,2′-diol
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We have developed an efficient and inexpensive bimetallic catalyst FeCl3, CuO, and rac-BINOL that could promote N,O-arylation of aliphatic, arylamines, and phenols. The cross-coupling reaction conditions have high tolerance of various functional groups. This versatile and efficient iron/copper-cocatalyst can widely be used in the synthesis of the compounds containing (aryl)C-N or (aryl)C-O(aryl) bond. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Wang, Zhe,Fu, Hua,Jiang, Yuyang,Zhao, Yufen
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body text
p. 2540 - 2546
(2009/04/12)
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- Amination of aryl chlorides in water catalyzed by cyclopalladated ferrocenylimine complexes with commercially available monophosphinobiaryl ligands
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The easily accessible, air- and moisture-stable cyclopalladated ferrocenylimine complex 3 was found to be a highly active one-component precatalyst for the amination of aryl chlorides in water in the presence of inexpensive KOH and t-BuOH as a base and an additive, respectively.
- Xu, Chen,Gong, Jun-Fang,Wu, Yang-Jie
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p. 1619 - 1623
(2008/01/27)
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- Selective Aromatic N-Substitution with N-(4-Tolyl)hydroxylamine by Addition of Polar Aprotic or Diethereal Solvent
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Amination of anisole and toluene with N-(4-tolyl)hydroxylamine in trifluoroacetic acid was tuned to regioselectively provide the corresponding diarylamine by partial replacement of trifluoroacetic acid with a polar aprotic or a diethereal solvent. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003.
- Takeuchi, Hiroshi,Tateiwa, Jun-Ichi,Hata, Suguru,Tsutsumi, Keisuke,Osaki, Yoshinori
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p. 3920 - 3922
(2007/10/03)
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- Copper-catalyzed coupling of arylboronic acids and amines.
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[reaction: see text] A general catalytic coupling of arylboronic acids and amines is reported. This room-temperature coupling was realized through the use of catalytic copper(II) acetate, 2,6-lutidine as base, and myristic acid as an additive. Functionalized aniline substrates provided the diarylamine coupling products in good yield (58-91%). A variety of alkylamines were also successfully coupled to give N-alkyl anilines in moderate yield (50-64%).
- Antilla,Buchwald
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p. 2077 - 2079
(2007/10/03)
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- The use of palladium chloride as a precatalyst for the amination of aryl bromides
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The use of palladium chloride as a precatalyst for the amination of aryl bromides is reported. To overcome the poor solubility of palladium chloride in commonly used solvents, a procedure was developed in which PdCl2 was preheated with neat amine in the presence of a phosphine ligand before the addition of the other reaction components. This protocol is effective for a broad range of substrate combinations using several types of phosphine ligands.
- Zhang, Xiao-Xiang,Harris, Michele C.,Sadighi, Joseph P.,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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p. 1799 - 1805
(2007/10/03)
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