- Sensitive fluorescent vesicles based on the supramolecular inclusion of β-cyclodextrins with N-alkylamino-L-anthraquinone
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Self-assembly fluorescent vesicles were designed and prepared based on the supramolecular interaction of cyclodextrins and N-alkylamino-L-anthraquinone (n-AQ). As the guest molecules, n-AQs with alkyl lengths ranging from C 0 to C18 were synthesised by the direct reaction of alkylamine with L-nitroanthraquinone in N,N-dimethylformamide. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and epi fluorescence microscopy were employed to study the vesicle system in detail. The formation mechanism of the vesicles was suggested based on the results of TEM observation, UV spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, 1H NMR and simulation in the software Materials 4.3. The fluorescent vesicles show sensitive and multi-responsive properties to external stimuli. Based on these properties, we tried to use the vesicle as a new kind of fluorescence staining material for living cells. The vesicles can effectively stain the human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and mice mononuclear macrophages (REW-264.7). This paper provides a better understanding in the design and preparation of drug delivery, biomaterials and intelligent materials.
- Sun, Tao,Zhang, Huacheng,Yan, Hui,Li, Jianye,Cheng, Guanghui,Hao, Aiyou,Qiao, Hongwei,Xin, Feifei
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- Novel, Direct Amination of Anthraquinone by Rhodium(I) Complexes
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In the presence of certain rhodium(I) complexes, anthraquinone was found to react with amines to give the 1-alkylaminoanthraquinones, along with small amounts of the 1,4-bis(alkylamino)anthraquinones; this direct amination characteristically occurs only at the α-position of anthraquinone.
- Mita, Katsuhisa,Yamagishi, Takamichi,Hida, Mitsuhiko
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- Synthesis of 9-chloro-1,10-anthraquinone and its reactions with amines
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1-Dichlorophosphoryloxy-9,9-dichloroanthrone, a product of the reaction between 1-hydroxyanthraquinone and PCl5, reacts with primary amines in benzene to give first 1-(diaminophosphoryloxy)-9,9-dichloroanthrones and then the corresponding 9-imines. The reaction in DMF occurs with elimination of the phosphoryloxy group and generation of 9-chloro-1,10-anthraquinone that undergoes amination followed by substitution of the hydrogen atom in position 4 rather than a chlorine atom in position 9, which is the most active position in 2,4,9-trichloro-1,10-anthraquinone. The second step of amination results in 4,9-di(alkylamino)-1,10-anthraquinone. The literature data on obtaining individual 9-chloro-1,10-anthraquinone under the action of bases on 1-dichorophosphoryloxy-9,9-dichloroanthrone were not experimentally supported.
- Gorelik,Titova,Gladysheva
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p. 1141 - 1146
(2007/10/03)
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- REACTION OF 6-OXO-6H-ANTHRAISOXAZOLES WITH CYCLOHEXENE
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The reaction of 6-oxo-6H-anthraisoxazoles with cyclohexene in the presence of aluminum chloride leads to the corresponding 1-cyclohexylamino-9,10-anthraquinones.
- Gornostaev, L. M.,Medvedeva, S. A.
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p. 1547 - 1549
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for the preparation of 1-alkylamino-anthraquinones
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Process for the preparation of 1-alkylamino-anthraquinones which comprises reacting 1-nitroanthraquinone with a monoalkylamine in the presence of an ether, a hydrocarbon or a mixture of an ether and a hydrocarbon. The 1-alkylamino-anthraquinones which are obtained can be employed directly as dyestuffs or used, without further purification, for the production of dyestuffs. Process of the invention results in the procurement of 1-alkylamine-anthraquinones of high purity and in high yield and avoids the formation of undesired by-products.
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- Process for the manufacture of aminoanthraquinones
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A process for the manufacture of aminoanthraquinones, wherein nitroanthraquinones are reacted in dipolar aprotic solvents which contain --SO2 -- or --SO-- groups and are inert to the reactants, with aliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic, cycloaliphatic, substituted or unsubstituted primary or secondary amines of the formulae R--NH2 or R--R'--NH, in which R and R' are radicals that are the same or different, such as alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl radicals of 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
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- Production of 1-nitroanthraquinone and 1-aminoanthraquinone
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A process for producing 1-nitroanthraquinone with high purity which comprises treating crude 1-nitroanthraquinone containing as the main impurities dinitroanthraquinones and β-nitroanthraquinone with an alkali sulfite in an aqueous medium under heating and which is characterized in that the crystals of the crude 1-nitroanthraquinone are pulverized by the aid of a pulverizer, a fine pulverizer or an ultra-fine pulverizer prior to and/or during the treatment with the aqueous alkali sulfite; and a process for producing 1-aminoanthraquinone which comprises subjecting the reaction mixture obtained by the said treatment with the alkali sulfite solution mentioned above, if necessary after further fine pulverization, to a reaction with a reducing agent, or ammonia or an aliphatic or aromatic amine.
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