- Green emitting PLED having polymeric host and dopant in emissive layer
-
Poly(1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-ylene vinylene-alt-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-1,4- phenylene vinylene] [poly(BPV-alt-BEHPV)] as a polymeric dopant, was synthesized by Honer-Emmons condensation from corresponding dialdehyde and diphosphonate monomers. Synthesized alternating polymer was used to fabricate single layer (ITO/Host:Dopant/Al) PLEDs with poly(vinyl carbazole) (PVK) as a host. Conjugated poly(BPV-alt-BEHPV) showed green emission from single layer ITO/poly(BPV-alt-BEHPV)/Al device. Emission colors from doped PLEDs were changed by energy transfer from blue originated from PVK to green with increasing the content of poly(BPV-alt-BEHPV).
- Han, Yoon Soo,Kim, Hoyoung,Choi, Byeong Dae,Song, Jeong Han,Kwon, Younghwan,Hur, Youngjune,Kwak, Giseop,Kim, Soon Hak,Park, Lee Soon,Choi, Byeong-Dae
-
-
Read Online
- Conformational gating of long distance electron transfer through wire-like bridges in donor-bridge-acceptor molecules
-
A series of five donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) molecules in which the donor is tetracene, the acceptor is pyromellitimide, and the bridge molecules are oligo-p-phenylenevinylenes (OPV) of increasing length has been shown to undergo electron transfer (ET) by means of two mechanisms. When the bridge is short, strongly distance dependent superexchange dynamics dominates, whereas when the bridge is longer, bridge-assisted hopping dynamics prevails. The latter mechanism results in relatively soft distance dependence for ET in which the OPV oligomers act effectively as molecular wires. We now report studies on the critical influence that bridge dynamics have on electron transfer through these oligomers. The temperature dependence of the charge separation (CS) rates in all five molecules does not appear to obey the predictions of standard ET theories based upon the Condon approximation. All five molecules show behavior consistent with CS being "gated" by torsional motion between the tetracene donor and the first bridge phenyl ring. This is based on the near equivalence of the CS activation energies measured for all five molecules with the frequency of a known vibrational mode in 5-phenyltetracene. In the molecule containing a trans-stilbene bridge, a competition occurs between the tetracene-phenyl torsional motion and one that occurs between the vinyl group and the phenyls linked to it. This results in complex temperature-dependent CS that exhibits both activated and negatively activated regimes. The charge recombination (CR) reactions within the molecules which have the two shortest bridges, namely phenyl and trans-stilbene, show a weaker dependence on these molecular motions. The three molecules with the longest bridges all display complex temperature dependencies in both their rates of CS and CR, most likely because of the complex torsional motions, which arise from the multiple phenyl-vinyl linkages. The data show that long-distance electron transfer and therefore wire-like behavior within conjugated bridge molecules depend critically on these low-frequency torsional motions. Molecular device designs that utilize such bridges will need to address these issues.
- Davis,Ratner,Wasielewski
-
-
Read Online
- Polytriazole bridged with 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties: A highly sensitive and selective fluorescence chemosensor for Ag+
-
Fluorescent conjugated polytriazoles (FCP 1-4) containing both 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,5-oxadiazole (OXD) and 1,2,3-triazole moieties in the main chain were synthesized from aromatic diazide (1) and dialkynes (2-5) via click polymerization, respectively. In the polymers, OXDs (fluorophores) and triazole rings (generated via CuAAC acting as metal ion ligands) comprise a fluorescent system. The polytriazoles displayed relatively strong emission with quantum yields in the range of 0.20-0.28 at room temperature in DMF. The study on their ion-responsive properties showed that, although all four FCPs have good selectivity for Ag+, the integration of alkoxy side groups (methoxy for FCP 2, hexyloxy for FCP 3 and 2-ethylhexyloxy for FCP 4) to the main chains of the polytriazoles decreased their sensitivity for Ag+via alteration of the polymer aggregation status and electron density of the main chains. Thus FCP 1 is highly sensitive for Ag+, where its Ksv is as high as 1.44 × 105 M-1 and its lowest detection limit is in the ppb range (4.22 × 10-7 M). This study provides an efficient click approach to the synthesis of a novel fluorescence sensor for Ag+ detection, which could expand the application of click polymerization in designing fluorescence sensors based on the triazole unit. This journal is
- Cao, Shoupeng,Pei, Zhichao,Xu, Yongqian,Zhang, Ruina,Pei, Yuxin
-
-
Read Online
- π-Conjugate Fluorophore-Tagged and Enzyme-Responsive l -Amino Acid Polymer Nanocarrier and Their Color-Tunable Intracellular FRET Probe in Cancer Cells
-
The present investigation accounts one of the first example of enzyme-responsive and π-conjugate-tagged l-amino acid amphiphilic polymer and their fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes for color-tunable intracellular bioimaging in cancer ce
- Saxena, Sonashree,Jayakannan, Manickam
-
-
Read Online
- Copolymers for iodide detection and methods thereof
-
Copolymers having thiophene based and vinylene based moieties. Methods of producing the copolymers, and methods of utilizing the copolymers as chromogenic sensors for selective detection of iodide anion are also provided.
- -
-
Page/Page column 6; 26
(2020/02/03)
-
- MOLECULES AND OLIGOMERS FOR ENDOTHERMIC SINGLET FISSION
-
The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a repeat unit defined by where each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 includes at least one of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, and/or a first hydrocarbon chain having between 1 and 20 carbon atoms, inclusively, where each of A1, A2, A3 and A4 are either a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, when A1 is a nitrogen atom, A2 is a carbon atom, when A2 is a nitrogen atom, A1 is a carbon atom, when A3 is a nitrogen atom, A4 is a carbon atom, when A4 is a nitrogen atom, A3 is a carbon atom, either A1 or A2 form a covalent bond, x, with a carbon atom, a, either A3 or A4 form a covalent bond, y, with a carbon atom, b, L is a linker group that includes an aromatic ring, and n is between 1 and 20, inclusively.
- -
-
Paragraph 0056; 0060
(2020/11/27)
-
- Electrophoretic fluids
-
This invention relates to electrophoretic fluids, the use of these fluids for the preparation of an electrophoretic display device, and electrophoretic displays comprising such fluids.
- -
-
Page/Page column 11; 13; 14; 15
(2019/07/29)
-
- Electrophoretic fluids
-
This invention relates to electrophoretic fluids, the use of these fluids for the preparation of an electrophoretic display device, and electrophoretic displays comprising such fluids.
- -
-
Page/Page column 22-24
(2018/07/15)
-
- Production of alkoxyphenol (by machine translation)
-
[Problem] The carbon number of 6 or higher aliphatic alcohol when used as a raw material, byproduct formation is suppressed, high yield, low cost method for manufacturing alkoxyphenol are obtained. [Solution] For the production of intense study alkoxyphenol, solvent and in the presence of an acid catalyst, a dihydric phenol with an aliphatic alcohol dehydration condensation reaction. [Drawing] no (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0040
(2017/07/13)
-
- Based on nitrogen heterocyclic group of neutral cathode buffer layer polymer material and its preparation method, application
-
The invention discloses a neutral cathode buffer layer molecular type material based on N-heterocycle groups. An aromatic ring containing alkyl chains is used as the core of the neutral cathode buffer layer molecular type material, and the N-heterocycle g
- -
-
Paragraph 0047-0049
(2017/09/26)
-
- Poly[(arylene ethynylene)-alt-(arylene vinylene)]s Based on Anthanthrone and Its Derivatives: Synthesis and Photophysical, Electrochemical, Electroluminescent, and Photovoltaic Properties
-
Anthanthrone and its derivatives are large polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) that pose a number of challenges for incorporation into the structure of soluble conjugated polymers. For the first time, this group of PACs was employed as the building blocks for the synthesis of copolymers (P1-P5) based on poly[(arylene ethynylene)-alt-(arylene vinylene)]s backbone (-Ph-C=C-Anth-C=C-Ph-CH - CH-Ph-CH - CH-)n. During the synthesis of P1-P5, different alkyloxy side chains were incorporated in order to tune the properties of the polymers. Of the copolymer series only P1 (containing anthanthrone and branched 2-ethylhexyloxy side chains on phenylenes), P2 and P3 (for which the anthanthrones containing carbonyl groups were converted to anthanthrene containing alkyloxy substituents) were soluble. The photophysical, electrochemical, electroluminescent and photovoltaic properties of P1-P3 are reported, compared and discussed with respect to the effects of side chains.
- John, Suru Vivian,Cimrová, Věra,Ulbricht, Christoph,Pokorná, Veronika,Ru?i?ka, Ale?,Giguère, Jean-Benoit,Lafleur-Lambert, Antoine,Morin, Jean-Fran?ois,Iwuoha, Emmanuel,Egbe, Daniel Ayuk Mbi
-
p. 8357 - 8371
(2017/11/21)
-
- Dye composition, ink and electrowetting display comprising ink
-
The invention discloses a dye composition, ink and an electrowetting display comprising the ink. The dye composition has the high molar light absorptivity, has the quite high solubility in a non-polar organic solvent and can obtain the ink applicable for
- -
-
Paragraph 0034
(2016/12/01)
-
- Solvent-free synthesis of pillar[6]arenes
-
An efficient solvent-free procedure for the synthesis of pillar[6]arenes has been developed. The procedure involves the solid-state condensation of finely milled 1,4-dialkoxybenzene and paraformaldehyde by grinding in the presence of a catalytic amount of H2SO4. The use of organic solvents for the extraction of products has also been avoided. Operational simplicity, compatibility with various 1,4-dialkoxybenzenes, non-chromatographic purification technique, high yields and mild reaction conditions are the notable advantages of this procedure. A large scale reaction demonstrated the practical applicability of this methodology.
- Santra,Kopchuk,Kovalev,Zyryanov,Majee,Charushin,Chupakhin
-
supporting information
p. 423 - 426
(2016/01/30)
-
- Synthesis and optical properties of a new triphenylamine-p-phenylenevinylene-small molecule with applications in high open-circuit voltage organic solar cells
-
A new oligomer-type para-phenylenevinylene end-capped with triphenylamine groups (TPAPV) was synthesised and its optical properties thoroughly investigated. Fluorescence quenching studies showed that an important fraction of the photogenerated excitons fo
- Meira, Rui,Costa, Pedro M. M.,Di Paolo, Roberto E.,Morgado, Jorge,Alcácer, Luís,Bastos, Jo?o P.,Cheyns, David,Charas, Ana
-
p. 7389 - 7396
(2015/09/02)
-
- Design, synthesis, and characterization of a novel c-donor-nc-bridge-c- acceptor type block copolymer for optoelectronic applications
-
A novel conjugated block copolymer system containing a donor-type conjugated block (c-D) covalently connected to an acceptor type conjugated block (c-A) via a nonconjugated and flexible bridge chain (nc-B), also called a DBA type block copolymer, has been designed, synthesized, and characterized for potential cost-effective and high-efficiency optoelectronic applications such as solar cells. Specifically, D is a regio-regular para-2-ethylhexyloxy- substituted polyphenylenevinylene (or EH-RO-PPV), A is a regio-regular polyphenylenevinylene with sulfone (SO2) acceptor moiety and a linear oxydecane (-OC10H21) group substituted on every phenylene unit, and B contains an aliphatic chain with two or four methylene units. The size of each block can be controlled via synthetic feed ratio of the monomer and the terminator. The measured average molecular weights of D, A, and DBA based on gel permission chromatography are in good agreements with the molecular weights calculated using the monomer:terminator synthetic feed ratios. Preliminary optoelectronic device studies revealed an order of magnitude better improvement in photoelectric power conversion efficiency of DBA over the corresponding D/A blend under identical fabrication and testing conditions. Such improvements could be attributed to more efficient photo induced charge separation and charge transport in DBA versus in D/A blends. 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 1149-1160 A novel conjugated block copolymer system, containing a donor type conjugated block (c-D) covalently connected to an acceptor type conjugated block (c-A) via a non-conjugated and flexible bridge chain (nc-B), is designed, synthesized, and characterized for potential cost-effective and high-efficiency optoelectronic applications. Preliminary optoelectronic device studies reveal improvement that is an order of magnitude better in the photoelectric power conversion efficiency of DBA over the corresponding D/A blend under identical fabrication and testing conditions. Copyright
- Sun, Sam-Shajing,Brooks, Jaleesa,Nguyen, Thuong,Zhang, Cheng
-
p. 1149 - 1160
(2014/03/21)
-
- Investigation of Mizoroki-Heck coupling polymerization as a catalyst-transfer condensation polymerization for synthesis of poly(p-phenylenevinylene)
-
Mizoroki-Heck coupling polymerization of 1,4-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]-2-iodo-5-vinylbenzene (1) and its bromo counterpart 2 with a Pd initiator for the synthesis of poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) was investigated to see whether the polymerization proceeds in
- Nojima, Masataka,Saito, Ryosuke,Ohta, Yoshihiro,Yokozawa, Tsutomu
-
p. 543 - 551
(2015/01/30)
-
- ELECTROPHORETIC FLUID
-
This invention relates to electrophoretic fluid comprising solvents, a highly absorbing dye, and charged particles of different colour, and electrophoretic display devices comprising such fluids.
- -
-
Page/Page column 27; 28
(2014/01/09)
-
- PARTICLES FOR ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAYS
-
This invention relates to polymer particles, a process for their preparation, the use of these particles for the preparation of an electrophoretic device, electrophoretic displays comprising such particle, and new polymerisable dyes.
- -
-
Page/Page column 36
(2013/06/27)
-
- ELECTROWETTING FLUIDS
-
This invention relates to electrowetting fluids, the use of these fluids for the preparation of an electrowetting displays devices, and electrowetting display devices comprising such fluids.
- -
-
Page/Page column 13; 17-18
(2013/09/12)
-
- The Hammett correlation between distyrylbenzene substituents and chemiluminescence efficiency providing various ρ-values for peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence of several oxalates
-
Peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (PO-CL) was investigated using eight oxalates with various phenol moieties and the distyrylbenzene (DSB) fluorophores with various substituents. The ρ-values in the Hammett correlation between the substituent constants (σp+) of the DSBs and the singlet chemiexcitation yields (ΦS) for the PO-CL reactions varied from -0.50 to -1.01 depending on the oxalate structure, and the reactive oxalates tended to afford the higher absolute ρ-values but with a few exceptions. Based on the CIEEL mechanism, these experimental observations suggest that the aryloxy groups still remain in the 1,2-dioxetanones (DOTs), which are the postulated high-energy intermediates, and control the electronic properties of DOTs as electron-acceptors. The LUMO energies of the DOTs calculated by the ab initio method with a B3LYP/6-31g(d) basis set reveal that the lower the DOT-LUMO energies, the higher the absolute ρ-values were provided for the corresponding oxalates, as predicted by the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) theory. Thus, the chemical species interacting with the DSBs would be not unitary and will be DOTs.
- Maruyama, Takayuki,Narita, Susumu,Motoyoshiya, Jiro
-
p. 222 - 231
(2013/03/13)
-
- PARTICLES FOR ELECTROWETTING DISPLAYS
-
This invention relates to polymer particles for use in electrowetting fluids and electrowetting displays devices comprising such particles.
- -
-
Page/Page column 39
(2013/10/08)
-
- Strategies and investigations on bridging squaraine dye units
-
Synthetic strategies and basic molecular principles were investigated in order to achieve chromophores absorbing light in the far red or even near infrared region. Therefore, a comprehensive series of new squaraine dyes were synthesized and characterized. Beside monomeric unsymmetrical and symmetrical squaraine dyes, also squaraine dye dimers and oligomers bridged with phenylene, fluorene, iso-octyloxy phenylene and tetrafluoro phenylene moieties or directly coupled via condensation reaction were obtained. The influence of the various molecular dye structures to their absorption properties was studied with UV-vis measurements supported by theoretical investigations applying Kiprianov's theory of coupled dyes. With regard to Meyer's theory of the limiting values, the effective number of repeating units for dye series for the highest possible absorption maximum was determined. Observed trends and limiting values for electrochemical potentials and electrical band gaps of the dyes are in agreement with the UV-vis investigations. Finally, calculated molecular structures and frontier orbitals of dimers verify the results of the optophysical and electrochemical studies.
- Kuster, Simon,Geiger, Thomas
-
p. 657 - 670,14
(2020/07/31)
-
- C-H/π-interaction-guided self-assembly in π-conjugated oligomers
-
We report CH/π hydrogen-bond-driven self-assembly in π-conjugated skeletons based on oligophenylenevinylenes (OPVs) and trace the origin of interactions at the molecular level by using single-crystal structures. OPVs were designed with appropriate pendants in the aromatic core and varied by hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon tails along the molecular axis. The roles of aromatic π-stack, van der Waals forces, fluorophobic effect and CH/π interactions were investigated on the theromotropic liquid crystallinity of OPV molecules. Single-crystal structures of hydrocarbon OPVs provided direct evidence for the existence of CH/π interactions between the π-ring (H-bond acceptor) and alkyl C-H (H-bond donor). The four important crystallographic parameters, dc-x=3.79 A, θ=21.49°, =150.25° and dHp-x=0.73 A, matched in accordance with typical CH/π interactions. The CH/π interactions facilitate the close-packing of mesogens in x-y planes, which were further protruded along the c axis producing a lamellar structure. In the absence of CH/π interactions, van der Waals interactions drove the assembly towards a Schlieren nematic texture. Fluorocarbon OPVs exhibited smectic liquid-crystalline textures that further underwent Smectic A (SmA) to Smectic C (SmC) phase transitions with shrinkage up to 11 %. The orientation and translational ordering of mesogens in the liquid-crystalline (LC) phases induced H- and J-type molecular arrangements in fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon OPVs, respectively. Upon photoexcitation, the H- and J-type molecular arrangements were found to emit a blue or yellowish/green colour. Time-resolved fluorescence decay measurements confirmed longer lifetimes for H-type smectic OPVs relative to that of loosely packed one-dimensional nematic hydrocarbon-tailed OPVs. Weak-force-driven self-assembly: CH/π hydrogen-bonding-driven diverse molecular self-assembly in π-conjugated molecules is reported (see figure). The self-organisation of π-conjugated mesogens in three-dimensional crystal lattices is proven to be vital for tuning the thermotropic liquid-crystalline phases and their emission colour. Copyright
- Goel, Mahima,Jayakannan, Manickam
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 2867 - 2874
(2012/05/04)
-
- Methano[10]annulene revisited: Extended delocalization through conjugated polymers bearing larger Hueckel aromatics
-
A comparative study of conjugated polymers derived from the two 10 π electron circuits of naphthalene and methano [10]annulene is presented. The annulene π topology allows for a greater degree of intrapolymer charge delocalization, a key structural parame
- Peart, Patricia A.,Tovar, John D.
-
p. 3041 - 3044
(2008/02/09)
-
- Poly(benzyl ether) dendrimers with strongly fluorescent distyrylbenzene cores as the fluorophores for peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence: Insulating effect of dendritic structures on fluorescent sites
-
Poly(benzyl ether) dendrimers containing strongly fluorescent distyrylbenzene cores were synthesized, and their fluorescence and electrochemical properties as well as the action as fluorophores in the chemiluminescence reactions were investigated. While a
- Koike, Ryu,Katayose, Yoshiaki,Ohta, Akira,Motoyoshiya, Jiro,Nishii, Yoshinori,Aoyama, Hiromu
-
p. 11020 - 11026
(2007/10/03)
-
- New phenyl-substituted PPV derivatives for polymer light-emitting diodes-synthesis, characterization and structure-property relationship study
-
Three new PPV derivatives with dialkoxyphenyl substituents, BEH2P-PPV, BEH3P-PPV, and BEH4P-PPV have been synthesized. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and elemental analysis. The polymers possess excellent solubility, high molecular weights, high photoluminescence efficiencies and good thermal stability. The influence of substitution pattern on the formation of structural defects has been investigated by measuring the signal due to tolane-bisbenzyl moieties (TBB) in the proton NMR spectra. BEH2P-PPV with a steric phenyl group at the ortho-position on the side phenyl ring shows the lowest amount of TBB, which indicates suitable steric hindrance can be applied to suppress the formation of irregular head-to-head and tail-to-tail linkage in the polymer chains. In addition, the polarity of solvents used for the Gilch polymerization will also affect the amount of irregular structure in the polymers. Polar solvents such as THF will result in polymers with low TBB content. Energy level measurement from cyclic voltammetry revealed that the influences of the substitution pattern on the HOMOs and LUMOs are different. The three polymers possess similar HOMO energy levels while the LUMO of BEH4P-PPV is much higher than that of the other two polymers. Polymer light-emitting diodes fabricated from BEH2P-PPV, BEH3P-PPV, and BEH4P-PPV with the configuration of ITO/PEDOT/polymer/Ba/Al, emitted bright blue-green to green light with the maximum peaks at 496, 488, and 525 nm, respectively. The turn-on electric field and maximum external quantum efficiencies of the diodes are 0.30, 0.50, and 0.42 MV/cm and 0.37%, 0.66%, and 0.25% respectively. The quantum efficiency is mainly determined by the electron injection from the cathode. With the highest luminance, lowest turn-on electric field, and good quantum efficiency as well as negligible structural defects, BEH2P-PPV is the most promising material among the three polymers for polymer light-emitting diodes.
- Chen, Zhi-Kuan,Lee, Nancy Hoi Sim,Huang, Wei,Xu, Yi-She,Cao, Yong
-
p. 1009 - 1020
(2007/10/03)
-
- Preparation and luminescence properties of polymeric 2,5-bis[2′-(8″-alkoxyquinolin-2″-yl)ethenyl]hydroquinone derivatives
-
A PPV-type polymer (1) incorporating 5,5′-diquinolinyl moieties is prepared by a Yamamoto homo-coupling reaction from the dibromide (2). Since all the hydroxyl groups were alkylate this polymer showed high solubility in most organic solvents. It can be sp
- Hsu, Ming-Ann,Chow, Tahsin J.
-
p. 499 - 504
(2007/10/03)
-
- Side chain effects in hybrid PPV/PPE polymers
-
The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination reaction of luminophoric dialdehydes 1 and 2 and bisphosphonates 3 provide high-molecular-weight and thermostable PPV/PPE hybrid polymers 4 and 5 of well-defined general constitutional structure -(CH=CH-Ph-CH=CH-Ph-
- Egbe, Daniel Ayuk Mbi,Roll, Carsten Peter,Birckner, Eckhard,Grummt, Ulrich-Walter,Stockmann, Regina,Klemm, Elisabeth
-
p. 3825 - 3837
(2007/10/03)
-