- Cis, cis -Muconic acid isomerization and catalytic conversion to biobased cyclic-C6-1,4-diacid monomers
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Renewable terephthalic and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids can be produced from biomass via muconic acid using a combination of biological and chemical processes. In this conversion scheme, cis,cis-mucononic acid is first obtained by fermentation using
- Carraher, Jack M.,Pfennig, Toni,Rao, Radhika G.,Shanks, Brent H.,Tessonnier, Jean-Philippe
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p. 3042 - 3050
(2017/07/24)
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- Sustainable production of dimethyl adipate by non-heme iron(iii) catalysed oxidative cleavage of catechol
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Adipic acid and its esters are important bulk chemicals whose principal use is in the production of the nylon-6,6 polymer. There is considerable interest in finding novel green routes from sustainable feedstocks towards these important intermediates. Herein, we describe the catalytic oxidative cleavage of catechol to muconic acids using a catalyst prepared in situ from iron(iii) nitrate, tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine and ammonium acetate. An investigation of catalyst loading, temperature and oxygen pressure, allowed a turnover frequency of 120 h-1 to be obtained. The subsequent hydrogenation and transesterification of the obtained muconic acid products were shown to proceed well over commercially available supported catalysts. After vacuum distillation, dimethyl adipate could be isolated in 62% yield from catechol, thus demonstrating a green and sustainable route to this important bulk chemical.
- Jastrzebski, Robin,Van Den Berg, Emily J.,Weckhuysen, Bert M.,Bruijnincx, Pieter C. A.
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p. 2103 - 2109
(2015/04/14)
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- CONTINUOUS DEHYDROGENATION OF 1,4-CARBOXYLATE SUBSTITUTED CYCLOHEXENES
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A method which comprises contacting the cyclohexene ring containing compounds having carboxylate derivatives at the 1 and 4, and optionally the 2, positions with one or more dehydrogeoation catalysts, optionally in the presence of one or more oxidants, in a continuous flow mode under conditions such that compounds containing an aromatic ring with carboxylate derivatives at the 1. and 4 positions, and optionally the 2 position, are prepared. The invention also relates to such compounds derived from starting materials derived from renewable resources.
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Page/Page column 32
(2012/06/30)
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- Catalytic oxidative domino degradation of alkyl phenols towards 2- and 3-substituted muconolactones
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The catalytic oxidative domino degradation of phenols was investigated. Hydrogen peroxide (30% aq.) was used as an oxidant and 2,2′-dinitro-4, 4′-ditrifluoromethyldiphenyl diselenide 4e as a catalyst. The products were muconic acid 5, and muconolactones muconolactones - 5-carboxymethylfuran- 2(5H)-ones 7 and 9. Phenols with alkyl groups at 2 or 4 positions of the benzene ring were converted regioselectively to corresponding muconolactones substituted at alkenylene ring carbon atoms. The reaction mechanism is proposed. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Giurg, Miroslaw,Kowal, Ewa,Muchalski, Hubert,Syper, Ludwik,Mlochowski, Jacek
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experimental part
p. 251 - 266
(2009/04/07)
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- Synthesis of muconic acids peracetic acid oxidation of catechols
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Monomeric and dimeric muconic acids were prepared in 30-83% yield by oxidation of catechols with peracetic acid in acetic acid.
- McKague, A. Bruce
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p. 1463 - 1475
(2007/10/03)
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- Degradation of Phenol and Salicylic Acid by Ultraviolet Radiation/Hydrogen Peroxide/Oxygen
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Based on the oxidation reactions of u.v. radiation/hydrogen peroxide/oxygen with either phenol or salicylic acid a spectra library was established. The reaction products contain hydroxylated phenols, benzoquinone and aliphatic acids with up to six carbon atoms. Many of the substances have been identified by means of chromatography and spectra comparison. From the observed concentrations of the substances and the known reaction mechanisms the following course of reaction has been postulated. The first reaction step is the hydroxylation of the aromatic ring. Further oxidation occurs via abstraction of a hydrogen atom to form 1,2-benzoquinone which is cleaved to form muconic acid. The cleavage of the muconic acid by u.v. radiation/hydrogen peroxide/oxygen leads to maleic acid, fumaric acid and oxalic acid. The degradation of oxalic acid leads to formic acid and finally to carbon dioxide. The hydroxylation of the double bond of the maleic or fumaric acid and the abstraction of a hydrogen atom produces malic acid. The reactions can be seen as essential step in the photochemical transformation of refractory substances into biodegradable ones.
- Scheck, Christoph K.,Frimmel, Fritz H.
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p. 2346 - 2352
(2007/10/03)
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