cas 118-58-1, Benzyl salicylate | Articles data

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Esterification of salicylic acid using Br?nsted acidic ionic liquid based on Keggin heteropoly acid
For the first time, a newwater stable Br?nsted acidic ionic liquid based on Keggin heteroployacid (HPA) was used as environmentally benign catalytic medium in the esterfication of salicylic acid with aliphatic alcohols, CnH2n+1OH (n = 1-5) and benzylic alcohols, RC6H4CH2OH (R = H, NO2, OCH3). This ionic liquid (IL) afforded excellent yield in both thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. Maximum yields were observed under microwave irradiation. Different reaction runs were conducted by varying the reaction parameters such as molar ratio of reactants, weight of the IL, and reaction period in order to optimize the reaction. The IL was easily recovered and reused many times. No significant loss in catalytic activity was observed on recycling.
Bamoharram, Fatemeh F.,Heravi, Majid M.,Ebrahimi, Javad,Tavakoli-Hoseini, Nilofar
p. 36 - 42
(2014)
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrid nitroxide-based non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Dual-acting hybrid anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory agents were developed employing the principle of pharmacophore hybridization. Hybrid agents were synthesized by combining stable anti-oxidant nitroxides with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Several of the hybrid nitroxide-NSAID conjugates displayed promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on two Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells (A549 and NCI-H1299) and in ameliorating oxidative stress induced in 661 W retinal cells. One ester-linked nitroxide-aspirin analogue (27) delivered better anti-inflammatory effects (cyclooxygenase inhibition) than the parent compound (aspirin), and also showed similar reactive oxygen scavenging activity to the anti-oxidant, Tempol. In addition, a nitroxide linked to the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (39) significantly ameliorated the effects of oxidative stress on 661 W retinal neurons at efficacies greater or equal to the anti-oxidant Lutein. Other examples of the hybrid conjugates displayed promising anti-cancer activity, as demonstrated by their inhibitory effects on the proliferation of A549 NSCLC cells.
Thomas, Komba,Moody, Terry W.,Jensen, Robert T.,Tong, Jason,Rayner, Cassie L.,Barnett, Nigel L.,Fairfull-Smith, Kathryn E.,Ridnour, Lisa A.,Wink, David A.,Bottle, Steven E.
p. 34 - 47
(2018)
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A facile and efficient nucleophilic displacement reaction at room temperature in ionic liquids
We have investigated the use of room temperature ionic liquids as catalytic and environmentally benign solvents for the facile homogenous synthesis of benzyl salicylate by the nucleophilic displacement reaction between sodium salicylate and benzyl chloride. The reaction was found to proceed under relatively mild conditions with excellent conversion (up to 96%) without the use of PTCs. The ionic liquids were recycled and reused. The effect of temperature was also investigated. No by-products were observed after 1H NMR and GC analysis.
Judeh, Zaher M.A,Shen, Hao-Yu,Chi, Bun Ching,Feng, Li-Chun,Selvasothi, Selvaratnam
p. 9381 - 9384
(2002)
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Aspirination of α-aminoalcohol (sarpogrelate M1)
Aspirination of α-aminoalcohol (sarpogrelate M1) has been performed under various general esterification conditions. In most cases, the desired aspirinate ester was obtained at a low yield with unexpected byproducts, the formation of which was mostly derived from the chemical properties of the tertiary α-amino group. After systematic analysis of those methods, the aspirinated sarpogrelate M1 was prepared using a two-step approach combining salicylate ester formation and acetylation.
Park, Sunhwa,Lee, Jiyun,Shin, Kye Jung,Seo, Jae Hong
(2016)
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Homogeneous system for the synthesis of benzyl salicylate
Synthesis of benzyl salicylate from sodium salicylate and benzyl chloride in the absence of a PTC and with dimethyl formamide as a solvent has been reported. Almost complete conversion of benzyl chloride can be achieved in 1.5 h at 110°C. The batch time and the reaction temperature are considerably less than that for the commercial process using a PTC. Kinetics of the reaction have been investigated.
Sivakumar, Sri,Pangarkar, Vishwas G.,Sawant, Sudhir B.
p. 149 - 151
(2002)
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of carbamate derivatives of N-salicyloyl tryptamine as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
In this study, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of carbamate derivatives of N-salicyloyl tryptamine as multifunctional therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). After screening the acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities, target compound 1g stood out as a mixed type reversible dual inhibitor of AChE and BChE. In addition, molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the actions on AChE and BChE. The results showed that 1g could decrease the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines NO, iNOS, IL-6, TNF-α, and ROS, increase the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, and inhibit the aggregation of Aβ1-42. Moreover, the administration of 1g suppressed the activity of AChE in the brain. In a word, the compound 1g is effective for improving learning and memory behavior, blood-brain barrier permeation, pharmacokinetics, ChE inhibition, and anti-neuroinflammation. It may be considered as a promising multi-functional therapeutic agent for further investigation for the treatment of AD.
Liu, Dan,Zhang, Honghua,Wang, Yuying,Liu, Wencheng,Yin, Gaofeng,Wang, Degui,Li, Junfang,Shi, Tao,Wang, Zhen
(2021/12/20)

Benzoic acid tryptamine derivative as well as preparation method and application thereof
The invention provides a benzoic acid tryptamine derivative as well as preparation and application thereof. The benzoic acid tryptamine derivative uses a salicylic acid compound as a starting raw material and is protected by benzyl. The method comprises the following four-step reaction synthesis of carbamylation, deprotection and condensation. The benzoic acid tryptamine derivative prepared by the invention has dual inhibition effects of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholine esterase. Moreover, as a hybrid reversible inhibitor, the content and expression AChE of cells and animals can be reduced. , Good anti-neuroinflammation activity can be achieved, A β aggregation can be inhibited, BACE-1 expression is reduced. The learning memory and anti-depression ability of AD model mice can be remarkably improved, no obvious toxicity exists on cells and animals, and the drug has good pharmacokinetic performance and blood brain barrier permeability, and can be applied to preparation of's disease treatment drugs.
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Paragraph 0033

(2021/10/30)

ZWITTERIONIC CATALYSTS FOR (TRANS)ESTERIFICATION: APPLICATION IN FLUOROINDOLE-DERIVATIVES AND BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS
An amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst has a catalyst pocket size that promotes transesterification and dehydrative esterification. The amide/iminium zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. The reaction can be applied a wide variety of esterification processes including the large-scale synthesis of biodiesel. The amide/iminium zwitterions allow the avoidance of strongly basic or acidic condition and avoidance of metal contamination in the products. Reactions are carried out at ambient or only modestly elevated temperatures. The amide/iminium zwitterion catalyst is easily recycled and reactions proceed in high to quantitative yields.
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Paragraph 0015; 0028

(2021/01/29)

Amide/Iminium Zwitterionic Catalysts for (Trans)esterification: Application in Biodiesel Synthesis
A class of zwitterionic organocatalysts based on an amide anion/iminium cation charge pair has been developed. The zwitterions are easily prepared by reacting aziridines with aminopyridines. They are catalytically applicable to transesterifications and dehydrative esterifications. Mechanistic studies reveal that the amide anion and iminium cation work synergistically in activating the reaction partners, with the iminium cationic moiety interacting with the carbonyl substrates through nonclassical hydrogen bonding. The reaction can be applied to large-scale synthesis of biodiesel under mild conditions.
Lam, Ying-Pong,Ng, Wing-Hin,Tan, Fei,Tse, Ying-Lung Steve,Wang, Xinyan,Yeung, Ying-Yeung
p. 8083 - 8092
(2019/08/26)

Epoxide as precatalyst for metal-free catalytic transesterification
Transesterification of methyl esters was accelerated by an in situ-generated metal-free catalyst comprising a quaternary alkylammonium salt and an epoxide. The combination of a quaternary alkylammonium acetate and glycidol is optimal, and various esters were synthesized from methyl esters with alcohols in good to excellent yield. Analysis of the catalyst solution revealed that basic species are generated by the ring-opening reaction of epoxide.
Tanaka, Shinji,Nakashima, Takuya,Satou,Oono, Hiromi,Kon, Yoshihiro,Tamura, Masanori,Sato, Kazuhiko
p. 2009 - 2013
(2019/07/03)

Metal-free transesterification catalyzed by tetramethylammonium methyl carbonate
Environmentally benign metal-free tetramethylammonium methyl carbonate is effective as a catalyst for the chemoselective, scalable, and reusable transesterification of various esters and alcohols in common organic solvents. In situ-generated highly active species, tetramethylammonium alkoxides, can greatly avoid self-decomposition at ≤110 °C, and are reusable. In particular, chelating substrates, such as amino alcohols, diols, triols, sugar derivatives, alkaloids, α-amino acid esters, etc., which deactivate conventional metal salt catalysts, can be used. A 100 gram scale biodiesel production was also demonstrated.
Hatano, Manabu,Tabata, Yuji,Yoshida, Yurika,Toh, Kohei,Yamashita, Kenji,Ogura, Yoshihiro,Ishihara, Kazuaki
supporting information
p. 1193 - 1198
(2018/03/27)

A phase transfer catalysis synthesis method of benzyl (by machine translation)
The invention relates to a phase transfer catalysis synthesis of benzyl method, this method to the alkene is solid graphite oxide carries ji anyan as catalyst, in order to [...] and carboxylate as raw materials, water as a solvent, in the 80 - 120 °C conditions can be achieved under the benzyl ester high efficient synthesis, [...] conversion is higher than 99%, benzyl ester selectivity higher than 97%. The method is simple in operation, process green, catalyst is easy to recover and duplicate using of good performance, after treatment of the product is simple, the production cost is low. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0028-0031

(2018/04/01)

Esterification of the Primary Benzylic C-H Bonds with Carboxylic Acids Catalyzed by Ionic Iron(III) Complexes Containing an Imidazolinium Cation
The first iron-catalyzed esterification of the primary benzylic C-H bonds with carboxylic acids using di-tert-butyl peroxide as an oxidant is achieved by novel ionic iron(III) complexes containing an imidazolinium cation. The use of well-defined, air-stable, and available iron(III) complex in a 5 mol % loading and readily available starting materials with a broad generality and outstanding sterically hindered tolerance renders this methodology a useful alternative to other protocols that are typically employed for the synthesis of benzyl esters.
Lu, Bing,Zhu, Fan,Sun, Hong-Mei,Shen, Qi
supporting information
p. 1132 - 1135
(2017/03/14)

Solid-liquid phase transfer catalysis synthesis of the new method for salicylic acid benzyl ester
The invention relates to a novel method for catalytically synthesizing benzyl salicylate via solid-liquid phase transfer. The method comprises the following steps: adding salicylate, benzyl chloride, a catalyst A and a catalyst B in a reaction vessel for reaction at 80-200 DEG C for 2-20 h; after reaction, adding water to layer the reaction solution; separating the organic layer; carrying out washing, dehydration and reduced pressure distillation on the organic layer in sequence; collecting the fraction at 164-165 DEG C/725-735 Pa to obtain the product, wherein the catalyst A is one or the combination of more than two of crown ether, a crown ether derivative and PEG200-6000 and the catalyst B is alkali metal haloid salt. The synthesis method provided by the invention has the advantages of being simple in process, low in energy consumption, less in pollution and high in yield and according with the international spice standard in the aspect of product quality.
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Paragraph 0023; 0024

(2016/11/28)

Discovery of high affinity inhibitors of Leishmania donovani N-myristoyltransferase
N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) is a potential drug target in Leishmania parasites. Scaffold-hopping from published inhibitors yielded the serendipitous discovery of a chemotype selective for Leishmania donovani NMT; development led to high affinity inhibitors with excellent ligand efficiency. The binding mode was characterised by crystallography and provides a structural rationale for selectivity.
Rackham, Mark D.,Yu, Zhiyong,Brannigan, James A.,Heal, William P.,Paape, Daniel,Barker, K. Victoria,Wilkinson, Anthony J.,Smith, Deborah F.,Leatherbarrow, Robin J.,Tate, Edward W.
p. 1761 - 1766
(2015/10/20)

O-Benzylation of Carboxylic Acids Using 2,4,6-Tris(benzyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TriBOT) under Acidic or Thermal Conditions
Two methods for the synthesis of benzyl esters from carboxylic acids using the O-benzylating reagent 2,4,6-tris(benzyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TriBOT) have been developed. The reactions were conducted either in the presence of a catalytic amount of TfOH at room temperature (acidic conditions) or in the absence of TfOH at 180-230 C (thermal conditions). Interestingly, the O-benzylation of hydroxy carboxylic acids under the two conditions afforded different products: The dibenzylated product under acidic conditions and the hydroxy ester under thermal conditions. In addition to these results, other evidence indicated that the former reaction proceeds through an SN1-type mechanism, and the latter by an SN2-type mechanism. Two methods for the O-benzylation of carboxylic acids using TriBOT have been developed under either acidic or thermal conditions. The O-benzylation of hydroxy carboxylic acids afforded the dibenzylated product under acidic conditions and the hydroxy ester under thermal conditions. The former reaction proceeds through an SN1-type mechanism and the latter by an SN2-type mechanism.
Yamada, Kohei,Yoshida, Saki,Fujita, Hikaru,Kitamura, Masanori,Kunishima, Munetaka
p. 7997 - 8002
(2015/12/24)

Convenient esterification of carboxylic acids by SN2 reaction promoted by a protic ionic-liquid system formed in situ in solvent-free conditions
The reaction of esterification of benzoic acid with benzyl chloride was chosen as a model reaction to study the esterification by SN2 promoted by tertiary amine as deprotonating agent. The use of ionic liquid (IL) 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methanesulfonate [MMIm][OMs] as reaction medium has proven to give quantitative yield of the ester, but interestingly the reaction does occur even in solvent-free conditions, where the acid + the amine form a liquid system (a protic IL) in situ. This last methodology was extended to several carboxylic acids in conditions of atom economy (i.e., without excess of any reagent), giving moderately good yields of esters (54-78%) recovered by weight in pure form.
Cardellini, Fabio,Brinchi, Lucia,Germani, Raimondo,Tiecco, Matteo
p. 3248 - 3256
(2015/10/06)

PHARMACEUTICAL COMBINATIONS INCLUDING ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIOXIDANT CONJUGATES USEFUL FOR TREATING METABOLIC DISORDERS
One aspect of the present invention is a pharmaceutical combination comprising (a) an anti-inflammatory agent/anti-oxidant agent conjugate; and (b) an insulin secretogogue, an insulin sensitizer, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, a peptide analog, or a combination thereof. Another aspect of the invention relates to methods of treating metabolic disorders with such conjugates.
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Page/Page column 82

(2013/03/28)

Thiocarbonates as Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Compounds Useful For Treating Metabolic Disorders
The invention is directed to thiocarbonate compounds of Formula (I)-(III) and methods of treating atherosclerosis, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, inflammatory disorders, COPD, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, type I diabetes mellitus, type II diabetes mellitus, LADA, Wolfram Syndrome 1, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, or insulin resistance. The compounds of the invention are also useful for protecting pancreatic beta-cells and for reducing free fatty acids, triglycerides, advanced glycated end products, ROS, lipid peroxidation, tissue and plasma TNFalpha and IL6 levels, or for delaying or preventing cardiovascular complications associated with atherosclerosis.
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Page/Page column 22

(2012/06/18)

Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity studies on cordierite honeycomb coated with ZrO2 based solid super acids
Cordierite honeycomb coated with solid acids such as ZrO2, Mo/ZrO2 and W/ZrO2 were synthesized. These solid acid catalysts were also synthesized in their powder forms. The catalytic materials were characterized for their physicochemical properties such as surface area, surface acidity, crystallinity and morphology by using techniques such as BET, NH3-TPD/n-butylamine back titration, powder XRD and SEM respectively. The catalytic activity of these catalytic materials was determined in an acid catalyzed transesterification reaction of methyl salicylate with phenol to synthesize phenyl salicylate (salol). The effect of concentration of Mo or W ions on ZrO2, nature of the catalyst (whether honeycomb coated or powder form), reaction temperature, reaction time and reusability of the catalytic material in transesterification was studied. Formation of diphenyl ether as a by-product was observed on increasing the concentration of Mo or W ions on ZrO2 and also at higher reaction temperature. The catalytic activity of catalytic materials was correlated with surface acidity and the crystalline phases of catalytic material. Transesterification reactions were also carried out with methyl salicylate and benzyl alcohol or cyclohexanol to synthesize their respective salicylate esters. A probable mechanism of transesterification of methyl salicylate with an alcohol is also proposed. The honeycomb catalysts were found to be efficient, ecofriendly, economical and reusable catalysts compared to their powder forms.
Mohamed Shamshuddin,Shyam Sundar,Thimmaraju,Venkatesh,Vatsalya,Senthilkumar
p. 799 - 807
(2012/10/29)

LILIAN SURROGATE
Due to toxicological concerns, it may be desirable to replace the fragrance compound lilial with less problematic compounds without losing the creative power and quality regarding perfumes. The present invention addresses this need by using selected oxazolidines described herein.
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(2012/01/14)

Catalytic performance of nano-SiO2-supported Preyssler heteropolyacid in esterification of salicylic acid with aliphatic and benzylic alcohols
An efficient and environmentally benign procedure for the catalytic esterification of salicylic acid with aliphatic alcohols, CnH 2n+1OH (n = 1-5) and benzylic alcohols, RC6H 4CH2OH (R = H, NO2, OCH3, Br, Cl, Me) was developed using nano-SiO2-supported Preyssler heteropolyacid both under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. Silica nanostructures were obtained through a sol-gel method and were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The effects of various parameters such as solvent type, molar ratio of substrates, Preyssler heteropolyacid loading on silica, catalyst amount, temperature, and reaction time were studied and the optimum conditions were obtained. It has been found that the catalyst with 30 wt loading is highly active and shows high yields in esterification reactions. The use of nano-SiO2-supported Preyssler heteropolyacid coupled with microwave irradiation allows a solvent-free, rapid (3 min), and high-yielding reaction. This catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for many times without a significant loss in its activity.
Bamoharram, Fatemeh F.,Heravi, Majid M.,Ebrahimi, Javad,Ahmadpour, Ali,Zebarjad, Mojtaba
experimental part
p. 782 - 788
(2012/05/04)

Mild, efficient and rapid O-debenzylation of ortho-substituted phenols with trifluoroacetic acid
The mild and efficient deblocking of aryl benzyl ethers with TFA is reported. Cleavage was fastest with ortho-electron-withdrawing groups on the phenolic ring, which we have attributed to a proton chelation effect, furnishing the deprotected phenols in excellent yields. The corresponding para-methoxybenzyl, allyl and iso-propyl ethers were also cleanly removed under these conditions. In addition, the selective aryl benzyl ether debenzylation in the presence of benzyl ester, Cbz carbamate and Boc carbamate functionalities was also observed. Crown Copyright
Fletcher, Steven,Gunning, Patrick T.
p. 4817 - 4819
(2008/09/21)

Chemoselective esterification of phenolic acids in the presence of sodium bicarbonate in ionic liquids
Chemoselective esterification of phenolic acids with dialkyl sulphates or alkyl halides in the presence of sodium bicarbonate in 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids is reported in excellent yields and less reaction time as compared to organic solvents. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Ambika,Singh, Pradeep Pratap,Chauhan
p. 928 - 936
(2008/09/17)

Effect of natural and synthetic benzyl benzoates on calmodulin
The present investigation describes the effect of the spasmolytic benzylbenzoates 1-9 from Brickellia veronicifolia on CaM using a functional in vitro enzymatic assay. Bovine brain PDE1 was used as a monitoring enzyme. The most active natural inhibitors of the system CaM-PDE1 were benzyl benzoates 3-5, which inhibited the activity of PDE1 in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, three series of analogs of compound 4, compounds 10a-32a, were prepared and assayed. The benzyl benzoates from the first series, namely 10a-24a, possess no substituents on ring B but different number and position of hydroxyl or methoxy groups in ring A. The second group (25-32a), on the other hand, possesses an A ring identical to that on compound 4, but different substituents in Ring B. The most active compounds were 14a, 15a and 30a. These compounds were two to six times more potent than chlorpromazine, a well known CaM inhibitor. Benzyl benzoates 14a and 15a have methoxyl groups at C-2/C-4 and C-3/C-4 in ring A, respectively; while 30a, in addition to the methoxyl groups at C-2/C-6 of ring A, hold a benzoyloxy moiety at C-3′ of ring B. Kinetic studies revealed that compounds 3, 4, 14a, 15a and 30a behave as competitive CaM antagonists.
Rivero-Cruz, Blanca,Rivero-Cruz, Isabel,Rodriguez-Sotres, Rogelio,Mata, Rachel
p. 1147 - 1155
(2007/10/03)

A facile, catalytic and environmentally benign method for esterification of carboxylic acids and transesterification of carboxylic esters with nearly equimolar amounts of alcohols
A practical and green chemical process for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols and transesterification of carboxylic esters in good to excellent yields by using K5CoW12O14· 3H2O (0.1 mol%) as catalyst is reported. The catalyst exhibited remarkable reusable activity. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Bose, D. Subhas,Satyender, Apuri,Das, A. P. Rudra,Mereyala, Hari Babu
p. 2392 - 2396
(2008/02/08)

A simple and effective method for chemoselective esterification of phenolic acids
A new method for efficient and chemoselective esterification of phenolic acids in KHCO3/alkyl halide/DMF reaction system is described, by which a series of phenoic acid esters were obtained in excellent yields.
Guo, Wei,Li, Junfei,Fan, Ningjuan,Wu, Weiwei,Zhou, Peiwen,Xia, Chizhong
p. 145 - 152
(2007/10/03)

An Exceedingly Efficient and Chemoselective Esterification with Activated Alcohols Using AlCl3/NaI/CH3CN System
A combination of hard Lewis acid AlCl3 and a soft nucleophile NaI in acetonitrile has been used as an efficient system for the selective esterification reaction between aromatic carboxylic acid and alcohol.
Karade,Shirodkar,Potrekar,Karade
p. 391 - 396
(2007/10/03)

Process for the preparation of carboxylic benzyl esters
Carboxylic benzyl esters can be prepared by reacting benzyl chloride with carboxylic acids in the presence of one or more quaternary ammonium carboxylates as catalyst.
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(2008/06/13)

Acaricidal activity of tonka bean extracts. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of bioactive derivatives
The acaricidal effects of tonka bean, Dipterix odorata, extracts were investigated on Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, the European house dust mite, and compared with benzyl benzoate as a standard acaricidal compound. A cyclohexane extract was the most effective, with an EC50 = 0.075 g/m2 after a 24 h period, as compared with benzyl benzoate (0.025 g/m2). Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of coumarin (1). Pharmacomodulation of this compound led us to test 20 analogues (2-21), which were either synthesized or purchased.
Gleye, Christophe,Lewin, Guy,Laurens, Alain,Jullian, Jean-Christophe,Loiseau, Philippe,Bories, Christian,Hocquemiller, Reynald
p. 690 - 692
(2007/10/03)

Esterification of carboxylic acids catalyzed by in situ generated tetraalkylammonium fluorides
Esterification of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides can be efficiently catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) generated in situ from tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate (TBAHSO4) and KF·2H2O in THF. The general applicability and the characteristic feature of this approach has been amply demonstrated.
Ooi, Takashi,Sugimoto, Hayato,Doda, Kanae,Maruoka, Keiji
p. 9245 - 9248
(2007/10/03)

PERFUME COMPOSITION
A perfume composition contains specified ketones, salicylates and alcohols/acetates/propionates. Use of such a perfume composition inhibits development of human body malodour. The combination of specified materials makes it possible to avoid inclusion of individual components with powerful, unacceptable odours. The perfume composition may be used in various products notably in a fabric conditioning product used during the rinsing or tumble drying of fabrics after washing to soften the fabrics.
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(2008/06/13)

A mild and effective method for the transesterification of carboxylic acid esters
An extraordinarily versatile transesterification of simple or highly functionalized esters of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids in high yields is catalyzed by dibutyltin oxide [Eq. (1)]. The reaction is compatible with several functional groups, for example, acetals, ketals, aliphatic bromides, enol ethers, urethanes, as well as free hydroxy, phenolic, and amino groups, and even with water.
Baumhof, Patrick,Mazitschek, Ralph,Giannis, Athanassios
p. 3672 - 3674
(2007/10/03)

Esterification of carboxylic acid salts
Mono- or polycarboxylic acid esters are prepared by reacting a salt of such carboxylic acid with an organic halocompound, e.g., a (cyclo)alkyl, (cyclo)alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl halide, in an aqueous reaction medium, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a phase transfer catalyst, for example an onium salt.
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(2008/06/13)

Perfume compositions
A perfume composition contains at least 50% by weight of materials which fall into five categories defined by structure, and molecular weight. Amounts of material within each category fall within specified ranges of percentage of the whole composition. Two categories, ethers and salicylates, must be present. At least two of the remaining three categories, which are alcohols, acetate/propionate esters and methyl aryl ketones, must also be present. The compositions enable good levels of deodorant activity to be achieved along with consumer-acceptable fragrance.
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(2008/06/13)

Esterification of hydroxybenzoic acids
The hydroxybenzoic acids, e.g., salicylic acid and parahydroxybenzoic acid, are esterified by reacting same with a halocarbon, advantageously a halogenated derivative of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, cyclo- or arylaliphatic hydrocarbon, in essentially homogeneous liquid phase and in the presence of a nonquaternizable tertiary amine.
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(2008/06/13)

Transparent cosmetic composition that reflects infrared radiation and its use for protecting the human epidermis against infrared radiation
Transparent cosmetic composition that reflects infrared radiation and its use for protecting the human epidermis against infrared radiation. The invention relates to a transparent cosmetic composition comprising, by way of an agent that reflects infrared radiation for protecting the human epidermis, a substance which is dispersible in the cosmetic medium used, possessing a reflectance (R) of infrared radiation equal to at least 45%, and of which a 2% strength dispersion in vaseline possesses an optical transmission in the visible of at least 85%, chosen from a diatom of particle size less than 100 microns, hollow glass microspheres of size less than 100 microns, a bismuth oxychloride of particle size less than 75 microns and zirconium powder covered ceramic microparticles of particle size less than 8 microns. This cosmetic composition can also contain 0.5 to 20% by weight of UV-A, UV-B or broad-band screening agents.
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(2008/06/13)

Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Synthesis of Amides and Esters of Carboxylic Acids
A convenient one-pot procedure is reported for the preparation of carboxamides and carboxylic acid esters from carboxylic acids and amines or alcohols, respectively.The carboxylic acids are activated by sulfonyl chlorides under solid-liquid phase-transfer conditions using solid potassium carbonate as base and a lipophilic quaternary ammonium salt as catalyst.
Jaszay, Zsuzsa M.,Petnehazy, Imre,Toeke, Laszlo
p. 745 - 747
(2007/10/02)

Sunscreen method containing polyisobutylene for the protection of human epidermis against ultraviolet radiations
The present invention relates to a sunscreen composition containing at least one oil-soluble agent absorbing UV rays as well as at least one polyisobutylene which is liquid at ambient temperature, with a viscosity-average molecular weight of between 8,000 and 65,000, in a cosmetically acceptable medium incorporating at least one fatty phase. Such a suncreen composition, applied on the skin, has an improved protection index.
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(2008/06/13)

Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
Catalysts producing a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials comprise mixtures of BF3 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, SiF4 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, or mixtures of these catalysts.
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(2008/06/13)

Methods of alkoxylation
Catalysts comprising mixtures of HF and metal alkoxides and mixed metal alkoxides produce a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials.
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(2008/06/13)

Solid-Liquid Phase-Transfer Catalysis without Added Solvent. A Simple, Efficient, and Inexpensive Synthesis of Aromatic Carboxylic Esters by Alkylation of Potassium Carboxylates
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Barry, J.,Bram, G.,Decodts, G.,Loupy, A.,Orange, C.,et al.
p. 40 - 45
(2007/10/02)

Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
Catalysts and a method of using said catalysts for the alkoxylation of a variety of materials is disclosed. Catalysts so described produce alkoxylates having a very sharp alkoxylate distribution. The catalysts are supported and unsupported dialkoxy and dialkyl metal fluorides and halides and alkyl metal difluorides and dihalides.
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(2008/06/13)