- Synthesis and properties of regioregular poly(3-substituted thiophene) bearing disiloxane moiety in the substituent. remarkably high solubility in hexane
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Regioregular poly(3-substituted thiophene) derivative bearing pentamethyldisiloxane moiety at the 3-substituent is prepared by nickel-catalyzed polymerization reactions with dehydrobrominative or debrominative generation of the organometallic monomer. The monomer precursors 2-bromo-3-(4- pentamethyldisiloxybutan-1-yl)thiophene (1a) and 2,5-dibromo- 3-(4-pentamethyldisiloxybutan-1-yl)thiophene (1b) are prepared from 3-methylthiophene with 45 steps in overall good yields. Treatment of 1a with TMPMgCl￠LiCl at room temperature for 3 h forms an organometallic monomer and following the addition of a nickel catalyst affords the corresponding polythiophene bearing a disiloxane moiety in the side chain. The reaction of 1b with Grignard reagent leads to the similar monomer and addition of a catalytic amount of [NiCl2(dppe)] also affords polythiophene in highly regioregular manners. The obtained polythiophene is found to be dissolved in a hydrocarbon such as hexane.
- Mori, Atsunori,Ide, Kenji,Tamba, Shunsuke,Tsuji, Satoru,Toyomori, Yuka,Yasuda, Takeshi
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- Poly[3-(5-octyl-thienylene-vinyl)-thiophene]: A side-chain conjugated polymer with very broad absorption band
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A novel polythiophene derivative, poly[3-(5-octyl-thienylene-vinyl)- thiophene] (POTVT) with conjugated thienylene vinyl side-chain, was synthesized, and the POTVT film shows a very broad absorption band-width covering from 300 nm to 700 nm after thermal annealing at 130°C for 10 min. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
- Hou, Jianhui,Yang, Chunhe,He, Chang,Li, Yongfang
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- Control of vertical distribution of thiophene-based copolymers containing 4,7-Dithien-2-yl-benzo[C][1,2,5]thiadiazole and 3,6-Dithien-2-yl-pyrrolo[3,4-C]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione as Side Groups for Photovoltaics
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Four new D—A type copolymers with 2D-conjugated side-chain identified PfToBT, PbToBT, PfTDPP and PbTDPP, containing two acceptors 4,7-dithien-2-yl-benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DTBT), and diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) linked by thiophene donors, are obtained using Pd-catalyzed Stille-coupling reaction. These polymers show a broad visible-near-infrared absorption band (Eg?=?1.79–1.66?eV) and possess a relatively low-lying HOMO level at ?5.34 to ?5.12?eV. All the polymer:PC70BM blend films showed edge-on structure and have similar dπ-spacing values. According to the structure of conjugated side-chain, the vertical distributions of polymer chains and PC70BM within the BHJ (bulk heterojunction) were different. When DPP used as an acceptor, conjugated side chains of the polymer coexisted with PC70BM in same position. The BHJ film prepared from PfToBT, PbToBT had a discontinuous network between polymer and PC70BM, whereas films from PfTDPP and PbTDPP formed continuous and evenly distributed network between them. This optimized vertical morphology promotes hole transport along respective pathways of polymers and fullerenes in the vertical direction, leading to high JSC. PbTDPP shows PCE up to 2.9% (Jsc of 9.4?mA/cm2, Voc of 0.68 V, and FF of 0.44).
- Choi, Min-Hee,Ho Lee, Tae,Woon Han, Yong,Kyung Moon, Doo
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- New carbazole-based conjugated polymers containing pyridylvinyl thiophene units for polymer solar cell applications: Morphological stabilization through hydrogen bonding
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We have synthesized two conjugated polymers (P1, P2) containing alternating electron-donating and -accepting units, based on N-alkyl-2,7-carbazole, 4,7-di(thiophen-5-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 3-[2-(4-pyridyl)vinyl]thiophene units. These conjugated polymers contained different contents of pyridine units, which were incorporated to form hydrogen bonds with [6,6]-phenyl-C 61-butyric acid (PCBA). When these hydrogen bonding interactions were present in the polymer thin films, their thermal stability improved; deterioration, which occurred through aggregation of PCBA methyl ester after lengthy annealing times, was also suppressed. The power conversion efficiency of a device incorporating the film featuring hydrogen bonding interactions remained at 75% of the original value after thermal annealing for 5 h at 140 °C.
- Hsu, So-Lin,Chen, Chia-Min,Cheng, Yu-Hsin,Wei, Kung-Hwa
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- Use of poly(3-methylthio)thiophene blends for direct laser tracing and bulk heterojunction solar cells
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In this article we demonstrate the use of a blend made of two regioregular polythiophenic derivatives, namely poly(3-methylthio)thiophene and poly(3-hexyl)thiophene, to obtain conductive traces by the simple laser exposure of their thin films to a suitable laser source. The polymeric blend was also tested as a photoactive layer for BHJ solar cells, showing an improved surface morphology and a wider absorption spectrum, thus resulting in an enhanced photovoltaic performance. In the standard condition normally used for the cell preparation, we obtained a 3.16% power conversion efficiency. The device showed good reproducibility and stability over time.
- Lanzi, Massimiliano,Paganin, Luisa,Pierini, Filippo,Errani, Francesco,Di-Nicola, Francesco Paolo
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- A study on regulating the conjugate position of NLO chromophores for reducing the dipole moment and enhancing the electro-optic activities of organic materials
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In order to improve the first-order hyperpolarizability (β) of the chromophore and transform it into a high macroscopic electro-optic activity, a series of novel second-order nonlinear optical chromophores with different push-pull electron groups introduced on the thiophene π-conjugate bridge for tuning the shape and dipole moment (μ) of chromophores were designed and synthesized. These chromophores are based on the same thiophene π-conjugated bridge, where the donor (N,N-diethylaniline) and acceptor (2-(3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethylfuran-2(5H)-ylidene)malononitrile or malononitrile) are linked to positions 2 and 3 of thiophene, respectively, affording a boomerang-like shape instead of a rod-like shape. Besides, an electron-poor group, Br (bromine atom), or an electron-rich group, DEA (N,N-diethylaniline), as an auxiliary acceptor or donor are linked to position 5 of thiophene. In addition, all chromophores showed good thermal stability as per the results from the DSC and TGA analysis. Through UV-vis analysis and DFT calculation, it has been concluded that chromophores with additional electron-rich groups as auxiliary donors display better intermolecular charge-transfer (ICT) absorption and lower HOMO-LUMO energy gaps (ΔE). Furthermore, the boomerang-like chromophore with the same push-pull structure shows a smaller dipole moment (μ) and β value than the traditional FTC. The poling results of guest-host EO polymers FTC/APC, FTC-H/APC, FTC-Br/APC and FTC-DEA/APC with the same number density afford r33 values of 17 pm V-1, 11 pm V-1, 10 pm V-1 and 25 pm V-1, respectively. Although the β value of FTC-DEA is smaller than that of FTC, the r33 value of FTC-DEA (25 pm V-1) is 47% greater than that of FTC (17 pm V-1) under the same number density. Hence, the above-mentioned results indicated that regulating the conjugate position of chromophores can efficiently decrease the dipole moment of the chromophores, weakening the dipole-dipole interactions and thereby enhancing the macroscopic electro-optical activity of poled polymers. These results indicate the potential application of these novel chromophores in electro-optical devices.
- Zhang, Hui,Tian, Yanxin,Bo, Shuhui,Xiao, Linghan,Ao, Yuhui,Zhang, Ji,Li, Ming
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p. 1380 - 1390
(2020/02/11)
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- 1,2,3-Triazolyl functionalized thiophene, carbazole and fluorene based A-: Alt -B type π-conjugated copolymers for the sensitive and selective detection of aqueous and vapor phase nitroaromatics (NACs)
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A series of highly emissive π-conjugated A-alt-B type copolymers (P1-P3) appended with a 1,2,3-triazole moiety was synthesized via Suzuki polymerization. The well-defined and soluble π-conjugated copolymers were characterized via multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and tetradetector GPC studies, showing a molecular weight (Mn) in the range of 16.4-20.1 kDa with a polydispersity index in the range of 1.25-1.42. The synthesized emissive π-conjugated polymer probes were explored as fluorescent chemosensors for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) in solution, vapor and contact mode. Detailed photophysical and sensing studies were performed to understand the polymer-NAC interaction, inducing the selective fluorescence quenching of the π-conjugated polymer probes through the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. All the polymeric probes (P1-P3) were highly reversible in nature with NACs, and thus could be reused multiple times. The limit of detection of the probes towards nitroaromatics was found to be in the range of 120-200 ppb with a high association constant in the order of 104 M-1. Furthermore, test paper kits were also fabricated, which allowed the trace detection of picric acid by the naked eye, making it a practical means for the quick, easy and inexpensive on-site detection of NAC-based explosives.
- Giri, Dipanjan,Patra, Sanjib K.
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supporting information
p. 14469 - 14480
(2020/11/09)
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- Approaching the Integer-Charge Transfer Regime in Molecularly Doped Oligothiophenes by Efficient Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling
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A library of symmetrical linear oligothiophene was prepared employing decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction as the key transformation. Thiophene potassium carboxylate salts were used as cross-coupling partners without the need of co-catalyst, base, or additives. This method demonstrates complete chemoselectivity and is a comprehensive greener approach compared to the existing methods. The modularity of this approach is demonstrated with the preparation of discreet oligothiophenes with up to 10 thiophene repeat units. Symmetrical oligothiophenes are prototypical organic semiconductors where their molecular electrical doping as a function of the chain length can be assessed spectroscopically. An oligothiophene critical length for integer charge transfer was observed to be 10 thiophene units, highlighting the potential use of discrete oligothiophenes as doped conduction or injection layers in organic electronics applications.
- Forgione, Pat,Hase, Hannes,Liu, Jiang Tian,Salzmann, Ingo,Taylor, Sarah
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supporting information
p. 7146 - 7153
(2020/03/23)
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- Preparation method 2, 5 - dibromo -3 - methylthiophene
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The invention discloses a preparation method of 2,5-dibromo-3-thiotolene shown as a formula (II). The method comprises the followings steps that the preparation method of the 2,5-dibromo-3-thiotolene shown as the formula (II) is characterized in that the method is performed through the following steps that 3-thiotolene shown as a formula (I) is used as a raw material; a brominating agent of potassium bromide is added; the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly in a mixed solution of acetic acid and water; a brominating agent of ZnAl-BrO3-LDHs is slowly added at 10 to 50 DEG C; continuous stirring is performed for reaction for 2h; obtained reaction liquid is subjected to aftertreatment to obtain the 2,5-dibromo-3-thiotolene shown as the formula (II); the mass quantity ratio of the 3-thiotolene shown as the formula (I) to the ZnAl-BrO3-LDHs to the potassium bromide is 1:1.3:(1.6 to 1.9). The preparation method has the advantages that the reaction conditions are mild; the used brominating reagent is a solid matter, is cheap, is easily obtained and achieves an environment-friendly effect; the reaction operation is simple; the aftertreatment is convenient; the target product yield is high; the side reactions are few. The formulas are shown in the specification.
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Paragraph 0010; 0022-0035
(2019/09/19)
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- THIOPHENE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATION OF SAME
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The present invention discloses a thiophene used as a uric acid transporter (URAT1) inhibitor and applicantion of the thiophene in preparing a pharmaceutical product for treating a disease related to abnormal uric acid levels, specifically in preparing a pharmaceutical product for treating hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. The invention specifically relates to a compound as represented by formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Paragraph 0106; 0107; 0108
(2019/04/25)
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- Green halogenation reactions for (hetero)aromatic ring systems in alcohol, water, or no solvent
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A new method of brominating aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems is investigated. The combination of hydrobromic acid as the halogen source, hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, and ethanol, water, or no solvent are evaluated as greener conditions than those that have been previously published. The new conditions give high yields and good regioselectivity for a variety of substrates when the ring is activated by electron-donating groups or heteroatoms. Phenols, anisole, thiophenes, and pyrrole give comparable or superior results when compared to a traditional bromination by N-bromosuccinimide in tetrahydrofuran. Other nitrogen-containing heterocycles do not react under the conditions because they are protonated and hence deactivated; similarly, substrates with electron-withdrawing groups are not brominated. The reaction is very tolerant of a variety of functional groups.
- Kajorinne, Jessie K.,Steers, Jennifer C.M.,Merchant, Marnie E.,MacKinnon, Craig D.
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p. 1087 - 1091
(2018/11/25)
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- Phenothiazines-containing polymeric metal complex and its preparation process and its use
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The invention discloses a phenothiazine-containing polymerization metal complex as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The phenothiazine-containing polymerization metal complex is a novel dyestuff with a phenothiazine-thiophene side chain type D-pi-A structure. Compared with a conventional precious metal dyestuff, the novel dyestuff has the advantages of low cost, simple preparation, relatively high yield and good thermal stability and can be applied to dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Paragraph 0030; 0032; 0036
(2017/02/24)
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- Side-chain engineering of benzodithiophene-thiophene copolymers with conjugated side chains containing the electron-withdrawing ethylrhodanine group
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Four benzodithiophene (BDT)-thiophene (T) copolymers with conjugated side chains containing electron-withdrawing ethylrhodanine acceptor units, PHDBDT-T-R, PEHBDT-T-R, PHDBDT-T-TR, and PEHBDT-T-TR, were designed and synthesized for investigating the effect of side chains on the physicochemical properties and photovoltaic performance of the conjugated polymers. All the four copolymers possess an identical conjugated backbone of alternative benzodithiophene-thiophene, but different side chains on BDT and thiophene units, respectively. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) with these polymers as donors and PC70BM as acceptors exhibit an initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.61% for PHDBDT-T-R, 2.32% for PEHBDT-T-R, 1.46% for PHDBDT-T-TR, and 2.36% for PEHBDT-T-TR. After the treatment with 3 vol% DIO additive and with methanol, the highest PCE was increased up to 1.01%, 4.04%, 3.47%, and 4.25% for PHDBDT-T-R, PEHBDT-T-R, PHDBDT-T-TR, and PEHBDT-T-TR, respectively, with significantly increased Jsc and FF. The effects of methanol treatment on the photovoltaic performance of the PSCs can be ascribed to the increased carrier transport, improved exciton dissociation and optimized phase separation of the active layer. This work indicates that side-chain engineering plays a key role in molecular structures and optoelectronic properties.
- Chen, Lixia,Shen, Ping,Zhang, Zhi-Guo,Li, Yongfang
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p. 12005 - 12015
(2015/06/08)
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- A rhodamine-appended water-soluble conjugated polymer: An efficient ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform for intracellular metal-ion probing
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The water-soluble CP was conjugated with a rhodamine spirolactam for the first time to develop a new FRET-based ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform (CP 1) for intracellular metal-ion probing. CP 1 exhibits excellent water-solubility with two well-resolved emission peaks, which benefit ratiometric intracellular imaging applications.
- Wu, Yong-Xiang,Li, Jun-Bin,Liang, Li-Hui,Lu, Dan-Qing,Zhang, Jing,Mao, Guo-Jiang,Zhou, Li-Yi,Zhang, Xiao-Bing,Tan, Weihong,Shen, Guo-Li,Yu, Ru-Qin
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supporting information
p. 2040 - 2042
(2014/03/21)
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- Green halogenation of aromatic heterocycles using ammonium halide and hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid solvent
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The green generation of X+ (X = Br, I) using hydrogen peroxide in aqueous acetic acid allows access to aromatic heterocyclic halides in yields and purities comparable to syntheses employing N-bromosuccinimide. In activated and unsubstituted thiophene rings, regioselectivity is quantitative for positions α to the sulfur; pyrroles also give quantitative reactions, at least initially. Deactivated rings, including furans and thiazoles, as well as thiophenes with strongly electron-withdrawing groups showed little to no reactivity under the conditions investigated. The reaction shows remarkable functional group tolerance (to alcohol, nitro, alkyl, halo, and carbonyl groups), as shown through reaction with substituted phenols. In all bromination reactions, reaction yields and regiochemistry were very similar to reactions involving N-bromosuccinimide in tetrahydrofuran solvent.
- D'Aleo, Danielle N.,Allard, Sheena R.,Foglia, Cassandra C.,Parent, Shawna L.M.,Rohr, David J.,Gottardo, Christine,MacKinnon, Craig D.
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supporting information
p. 679 - 683
(2013/08/23)
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- Optical activity of heteroaromatic conjugated polymer films prepared by asymmetric electrochemical polymerization in cholesteric liquid crystals: Structural function for chiral induction
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We electrochemically polymerized various achiral heteroaromatic monomers in left-handed helical cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) media. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy revealed that most of the resulting conjugated polymer films exhibited both the first negative and second positive Cotton effects near their absorption maxima. This indicates left-handed helical aggregation of the conjugated main chains, which is consistent with left-handed helical order of the CLC. This result suggests that the left-handed helical CLC environment induced left-handed helical aggregation of the polymers during the electrodeposition. However, CD intensity of the polymers depends on the structure of the parent monomers. Systematic investigation of the relationship between monomer structures and optical activity of the polymers indicates that linearity of the conjugated main chains and excluded volume interaction between the monomers and the CLC are important factors for producing optical activity of the polymers.
- Kawabata, Kohsuke,Takeguchi, Masaki,Goto, Hiromasa
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p. 2078 - 2091
(2013/06/04)
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- Effect of side-chain architecture on the optical and crystalline properties of two-dimensional polythiophenes
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The present study reported here synthesis of three novel two-dimensional (2D) polythiophene derivatives with conjugated terthiophene-vinylene side chain - poly{3-(5″-hexyl-2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophenyl-5-vinyl) thiophene-alt-thiophene} (P1), poly{3-(5,5″-dihexyl-2,2′:5′, 2″-terthiophenyl-3′-vinyl)thiophene-alt-thiophene} (P2), and poly{3-(4,4″-dihexyl-2,2:5′,2″-terthiophene-3′-vinyl) thiophene-alt-thiophene} (P3) - that were synthesized via stille coupling reaction. The terthiophene side chain with different conformations conjugated to the polythiophene main chain via vinyl linkage provided the ability to control the molecular organization, hence affecting the optoelectronic and electrochemical properties of 2D polymers. TD-DFT calculation with the B3LYP/6-31+g(d) function on electronic structures of the monomers was consistent with the experimental results. It suggested that the energetic states of HOMO and LUMO were highly dependent on the side-chain architectures. These polythiophene thin films fabricated by spin-casting show a broader absorption ranges from 300 to 700 nm which was significantly wider than the absorption of pure poly(3-hexylthiophene). When comparing the solid-state absorption spectra of these polymers before and after thermal annealing, P3 displayed the most red-shift in the wavelength range between 450 and 700 nm. It was presumably due to an extended conjugation length resulting from the linear conformation and preferred chain packing, as manifested in the X-ray diffraction. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation on polymers with different side chains in isolated and packed states suggests planar conformation of the main chain was adopted and regulated by the side chains which were placed in parallel with the main-chain direction. Interestingly, P1 solution revealed an excitation-dependent emission property, suggesting a structural inhomogeneity in solution. Contrary to P1, the PL spectra of P2 and P3 showed only one emission peak at 460 nm, regardless of the excitation energy. Orientation and regiochemistry of the terthiophene side chain had a major impact on the overall optical and electronic properties of the polymer. Moreover, the HOMO and LUMO of these three polymers had been determined through cyclic voltammetry. HOMO of the three polymers were in the following order: P1 > P2 > P3. It implied that the energy level was regiochemistry dependent and directly associated with the linked position between backbone and conjugated side chain. Most importantly, through mesogen-jacketed-like design strategy employed in the present study, the improved packing of these two-dimensional polymers offered insights into structure design to enhance properties that have strong ties to the electronic devices.
- Kuo, Cheng-Yu,Huang, Yu-Chen,Hsiow, Chuen-Yo,Yang, Yu-Wen,Huang, Ching-I,Rwei, Syang-Peng,Wang, Hsing-Lin,Wang, Leeyih
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p. 5985 - 5997
(2013/09/02)
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- Thiophene-core estrogen receptor ligands having superagonist activity
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To probe the importance of the heterocyclic core of estrogen receptor (ER) ligands, we prepared a series of thiophene-core ligands by Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl boronic acids with bromo-thiophenes and we assessed their receptor binding and cell biological activities. The disposition of the phenol substituents on the thiophene core, at alternate or adjacent sites, and the nature of substituents on these phenols, all contribute to binding affinity and subtype selectivity. Most of the bis(hydroxyphenyl)-thiophenes were ERβ selective, whereas the tris(hydroxyphenyl)-thiophenes were ERα selective; analogous furan-core compounds generally have lower affinity and less selectivity. Some diarylthiophenes show distinct superagonist activity in reporter gene assays, giving maximal activities 2-3 times that of estradiol, and modeling suggests that these ligands have a different interaction with a hydrogen-bonding residue in helix-11. Ligand-core modification may be a new strategy for developing ER ligands whose selectivity is based on having transcriptional activity greater than that of estradiol.
- Min, Jian,Wang, Pengcheng,Srinivasan, Sathish,Nwachukwu, Jerome C.,Guo, Pu,Huang, Minjian,Carlson, Kathryn E.,Katzenellenbogen, John A.,Nettles, Kendall W.,Zhou, Hai-Bing
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p. 3346 - 3366
(2013/06/04)
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- AROMATIC MONOMERS DERIVING FROM GLYCEROL UNITS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF FOR THE PREPARATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE CONJUGATED POLYMERS
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Monomers having formula (I) and process for their synthesis which comprises the etherification reaction of a halogen-derivative (Z = C1, Br, I) having formula (III) with the hydroxyl group of the glycerol derivative (IV), according to the following scheme:(Formula III, IV and I) (III) (IV) (I)
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Page/Page column 23
(2011/11/30)
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- New and efficient access to 3-substituted 2,5-dibromothiophenes. Consecutive nickel-catalyzed electrochemical conversion to thienylzinc species
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We have achieved the stepwise synthesis of 3-substituted thienylzinc reagents using both electrochemical methods and an original bromination procedure. For several compounds 3-bromothiophene was the starting substrate, which was functionalized according to recently developed electrochemical procedures. The nickel-catalyzed electrochemical reduction of the resulting 3-substituted 2,5-dibromothiophenes in the presence of zinc salts allowed the formation of monothienylzinc species in good yields. The selectivity of this reaction is discussed within the context of the electrochemical synthesis of regioregular polythiophenes.
- Mellah,Labbe,Nedelec,Perichon
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p. 318 - 321
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of substituted oligothiophenes and X-ray crystal structures of 3′-methyl-2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene, 3,3″-dimethyl-2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene and 5′-(2-thienyl)-2,2′:3′,2″-terthiophene
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A range of substituted oligothiophenes has been prepared and characterised. Crystal structures were determined for three substituted terthiophenes. Both in solution and in the solid state, syn-conformers were found to be populated to a greater extent than expected.
- Chaloner, Penny A.,Gunatunga, Sumudu R.,Hitchcock, Peter B.
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p. 1597 - 1604
(2007/10/03)
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- Extensively Conjugated Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) ?-Electron Donors with Oligothiophenes Spacer Groups
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New extended p-donors combining the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) system with the conjugated backbone of substituted terthienyls are described.
- Roncali, Jean,Giffard, Michel,Frere, Pierre,Jubault, Michel,Gorgues, Alain
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p. 689 - 691
(2007/10/02)
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- Halogenation Using Quaternary Ammonium Polyhalides. XXXI. Halogenation of Thiophene Derivatives with Benzyltrimethylammonium Polyhalides
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The reactions of thiophene derivatives with benzyltrimethylammonium tetrachloroiodate, benzyltrimethylammonium tribromide, and benzyltrimethylammonium dichloroiodate in acetic acid or in acetic acid-zinc chloride under mild conditions gave chloro-, bromo-, and iodo-substituted thiophene derivatives, respectively, in satifactory yields.
- Okamoto, Tsuyoshi,Kakinami, Takaaki,Fujimoto, Hiroshi,Kajigaeshi, Shoji
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p. 2566 - 2568
(2007/10/02)
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- REDUCTION DES CONTRAINTES STERIQUES (EMPECHEMENT A LA CONJUGAISON) DANS LES POLY(DIALKYL-3,4-THIOPHENES)
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Cyclopenta thiophene, cyclopenta thiophene and thieno thiophene have been synthesized.The electropolymerization of these monomers was attempt.The electrical properties of poly(cyclopenta thiophene) are intermediate between those of poly(3-methylthiophene) and poly(3,4-dimethyl thiophene).
- Garreau, R.,Roncali, J.,Garnier, F.,Lemaire, M.
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- RING BROMINATION IN THE ATTEMPTED NITRATION OF 2,5-DIBROMO-3-DIBROMOMETHYLTHIOPHEN
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Treatment of 2,5-dibromo-3-dibromomethylthiophen with mixed nitric and sulphuric acids or with fuming (>96percent) nitric acid gives 2,4,5-tribromothiphen-3-carbaldehyde after aqueous work-up.
- Coyle, John D.,Haws, Edmund J.,Oduntan, Olufemi,Rogers, John T.
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p. 1175 - 1178
(2007/10/02)
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- Novel thiophene derivatives and their preparation
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Thiophene derivatives of the formula STR1 IN WHICH Rx is --S--CHR5 --CONHOH or --S--CHR5 -5-tetrazolyl in which R5 is H or alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms and Ry is 0-2 of alkyl or alkoxy of 1-6 carbon atoms or halogen, and their pharmacologically acceptable salts with bases, possess antilipolytic activity.
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