- METHOD FOR PREPARING CRISABOROLE
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The invention relates to a method for preparing Crisaborole of Formula I, comprising using m-methylphenol as the starting material to obtain a target product through a five-step reaction. The starting materials and the raw materials used in each step of the method according to the present invention are cheap and easy to obtain, and the process is simple. The reaction of introducing boron atoms into the benzene ring to form an oxygen boron heterocycle is novel, with high yield and mild conditions, and is suitable for industrial production.
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Paragraph 0082-0085
(2021/02/26)
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- Preparation method of crisaborole
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The invention discloses a preparation method of crisaborole. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking m-methylphenol as a raw material, firstly coupling the m-methylphenol with 4-halogenated-cyanophenyl, and then under the action of a halogenating reagent, increasing the yield of an intermediate product 4-(4-halogen-3-methylphenoxy) cyanophenyl; and carrying out halogen-metal exchange, halogenation, ring closing and other reactions to prepare the crisaborole. Compared with the prior art, the method has advantages that the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and expensive reagents and raw materials in the prior art are not used; the reaction is mild, and ultralow-temperature reaction in the prior art can be avoided; the method is short in reaction time, free of column chromatography purification, simple in process, convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.
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Paragraph 0180-0184
(2021/09/04)
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- Ultrasonically assisted halogenation of aromatic compounds using isoquinolinium bound hypervalent chromium and tetrabutylammonium halides in PEG-600 solutions under acid free and solvent-free conditions
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Isoquinolinium bound Cr(VI) reagents like isoquinolinium dichromate (IQDC) and isoquinolinium chlorochromate (IQCC) have been successfully accomplished as efficient reagents for oxidative halogenation of aromatic compounds using tetrabutylammonium halide (TBAX) as halogenating agents in aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) under acid free conditions. Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) has been used for bromination and tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) for iodination. The halogenation reactions that occurred smoothly in 2 to 7 h under conventional conditions are accelerated magnificently under sonication with few minutes (25 to 70 min) of reaction time and fairly good yields. The reactions occurred at moderate temperature under mild and environmentally safe conditions with simple work up.
- Sambashiva Rao,Ramesh, Kola,Rajanna,Chakrvarthi
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p. 1892 - 1896
(2018/07/10)
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- A green catalytic method for selective synthesis of iodophenols via aerobic oxyiodination under organic solvent-free conditions
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A highly efficient catalytic method for aerobic oxyiodination of various phenols catalysed by copper(II) nitrate was achieved under mild conditions using I2as an iodinating reagent, molecular oxygen as an oxidant, and water as a solvent. The catalyst shows not only high activity for phenols with either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups, but also a remarkable selectivity for the formation of para-iodo substituted phenols. This study offers a green method for iodination of aromatic phenols with high atom economy.
- Xin, Hongchuan,Hu, Liangning,Yu, Jianqiang,Sun, Wenshou,An, Zengjian
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- Isoquinolinium Dichromate and Chlorochromate as Efficient Catalysts for Oxidative Halogenation of Aromatic Compounds under Acid-Free Conditions
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Isoquinolinium dichromate and isoquinolinium chlorochromate were found as efficient catalysts to trigger oxidative bromination and iodination of aromatic hydrocarbons with KBr/KI and KHSO4 under acid-free conditions. Reaction times reduced highly significantly under sonication, followed by corresponding mono bromo derivatives in very good yield with high regioselectivity.
- Rao, A. Sambashiva,Rajanna,Reddy, K. Rajendar,Kulkarni, Subhash
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p. 832 - 837
(2016/02/12)
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- TETRASUBSTITUTED ALKENE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE
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Disclosed herein are compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and methods of using the compounds for treating breast cancer by administration to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The breast cancer may be an ER-positive breast cancer and/or the subject in need of treatment may express a mutant ER-α protein.
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Page/Page column 129
(2016/12/22)
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- Efficient and Practical Oxidative Bromination and Iodination of Arenes and Heteroarenes with DMSO and Hydrogen Halide: A Mild Protocol for Late-Stage Functionalization
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An efficient and practical system for inexpensive bromination and iodination of arenes as well as heteroarenes by using readily available dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and HX (X = Br, I) reagents is reported. This mild oxidative system demonstrates a versatile protocol for the synthesis of aryl halides. HX (X = Br, I) are employed as halogenating reagents when combined with DMSO which participates in the present chemistry as a mild and inexpensive oxidant. This oxidative system is amenable to late-stage bromination of natural products. The kilogram-scale experiment (>95% yield) shows great potential for industrial application.
- Song, Song,Sun, Xiang,Li, Xinwei,Yuan, Yizhi,Jiao, Ning
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supporting information
p. 2886 - 2889
(2015/06/30)
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- A quantitative structure-reactivity assessment of phenols by investigation of rapid iodination kinetics using hydrodynamic voltammetry: Applicability of the Hammett equation in aqueous medium
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Halogenations of aromatic substrates in aqueous medium are essentially electrophilic substitutions proceeding at rates concomitant with the nature of the substrates and substituent motifs. Kinetics as an investigatory tool for the quantitative assessment of the structure-reactivity correlation in these reactions for a diverse range of substrates has rarely been reported, presumably due to the rapidity of these reactions in aqueous medium. We have used hydrodynamic voltammetry to investigate the rapid kinetics of uncatalyzed iodination of phenol and eight substituted phenols by iodine monochloride at constant pH in aqueous medium. The Arrhenius plots for these reactions yield comprehensive kinetic and thermodynamic data. The quantitative structure-reactivity correlation stemming from the regio- and stereospecificity of the substituent motifs on the substrates has been examined through the Hammett plot, which shows a negative slope of 1.87. The magnitudes of the rate constants, energies of activation, frequency factors, and entropy change obtained for the nine fast reactions reported, reflect the relative ease of the reaction dynamics in quantitative terms thereby ascertaining the relative reactivities of the phenols studied herein.
- Borkar, Vitthal T.,Bonde, Shantaram L.,Dangat, Vijay T.
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p. 693 - 702
(2013/10/21)
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- Regioselective iodination of aromatic compounds with potassium iodide in the presence of benzyltriphenylphosphonium perchlorate
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A simple and efficient method for the selective iodination of various aromatic compounds by using potassium iodide in the presence of benzyltriphenylphosphonium perchlorate, is reported. This method provides several advantages such as good selectivity between ortho and para positions of aromatic compounds and high yields of the products.
- Albadi, Jalal,Abedini, Masoumeh,Iravani, Nasir
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experimental part
p. 261 - 264
(2012/05/07)
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- Gas-Chromatographic identifi cation of products formed in iodination of methyl phenols by retention indices
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Iodination reaction followed by conversion of iodine-substituted methylphenols to the corresponding trifl uoroacetates was suggested for improving the sensitivity of the gas-chromatographic determination of phenol and its methyl-substituted derivatives (al isomers of mono- and diethylphenols, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, and 3,4,5-trimethylphenols) in aqueous media. Acylation products of iodo methylphenols (104 compounds) were identifi ed by linear-logarithmic retention indices on a standard nonpolar polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, and the pattern of their variation with the number and nature of substituents were characterized. A procedure for identifi cation of methyl-substituted phenols in water in their gas-chromatographic determination with an electron-capture detector was developed. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2012.
- Gruzdev,Kuzivanov,Zenkevich,Kondratenok
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p. 1355 - 1365
(2013/01/15)
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- Selectivity enhancement of aromatic halogenation reactions at the micellar interface: Effect of highly ionic media
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Halogenation (iodination and bromination) of various aromatic compounds has been studied in micellar media in order to observe the effect on regioselectivity and conversion of the reaction. The addition of surfactant causes a change in the chemical shifts of the aromatic proton resonance of phenol which proves the orientation of the aromatic compound on the micellar surface. However, increase in ionic strength of the reaction media affects the selectivity of reaction by disturbing this spatial orientation of the aromatic compound in the micelle. Selectivity towards particular isomers is dependent on the concentration of the surfactant. In bromination of chlorobenzene (deactivated aromatic compound) enhancement in selectivity and conversion towards the para isomer has been observed.
- Samant, Bhupesh S.,Bhagwat, Sunil S.
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scheme or table
p. 1039 - 1044
(2012/10/18)
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- Green and efficient method for the iodination of phenols in water
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In this article, green conversion of phenols to the corresponding iodide derivatives is reported. The reactions were conducted in water, using potassium iodide as the source of iodine and potassium ferrate as the oxidizing agent. The selected phenols were successfully iodinated in good to excellent yields in mild and non-toxic reaction conditions. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Tajik, Hassan,Dadras, Akbar,Hosseini, Abolfazl
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experimental part
p. 258 - 261
(2011/06/26)
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- Mild and efficient oxy-iodination of alkynes and phenols with potassium iodide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide
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An efficient synthesis of 1-iodoalkynes and iodophenols was easily achieved by employing simple KI and TBHP. The reaction does not involve the use of a metal and base combination. A variety of substituted alkynes and phenols were prepared with good to excellent yield.
- Rajender Reddy,Venkateshwar,Uma Maheswari,Santhosh Kumar
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2170 - 2173
(2010/06/14)
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- Regioselective iodination of arenes using iodine/NaBO3· 4H2O system in ionic liquid
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A mild, efficient, and simple protocol was developed for iodination of arenes and heterocyclic compounds with molecular iodine catalyzed by sodium perborate in ionic liquid. The methodology offered iodoarenes in good to excellent yields at room temperature. The protocol proved to be highly selective, as a single isomer was formed exclusively in most of the substrates. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Bhilare, Sachin V.,Deorukhkar, Amol R.,Darvatkar, Nitin B.,Salunkhe, Manikrao M.
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p. 2881 - 2888
(2008/12/22)
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- Iodination of aromatic compounds using potassium iodide and hydrogen peroxide
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A simple, efficient, regioselective, and ecofriendly method for oxyiodination of aromatic compounds is presented. In this method, the electrophilic substitutions of iodine generated in situ from KI as an iodine source and hydrogen peroxide as an oxygen source have been employed without any catalyst/mineral acid for the first time. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Reddy, K. Suresh Kumar,Narender,Rohitha,Kulkarni
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experimental part
p. 3894 - 3902
(2009/04/04)
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- Eco-friendly oxyiodination of aromatic compounds using ammonium iodide and hydrogen peroxide
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A new eco-friendly procedure for the oxyiodination of aromatic compounds with NH4I as an iodine source and H2O2 as an oxidant without any catalyst is presented.
- Narender,Reddy, K. Suresh Kumar,Mohan, K.V.V. Krishna,Kulkarni
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p. 6124 - 6128
(2008/03/12)
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- Development of potent μ-opioid receptor ligands using unique tyrosine analogues of endomorphin-2
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Six analogues of tyrosine, which contained alkyl groups at positions 2′, 3′, and 6′, either singly or in combination on the tyramine ring, were investigated for their effect on the opioid activity of [Xaa1]endomorphin-2 (EM-2). The opioid analo
- Li, Tingyou,Fujita, Yoshio,Tsuda, Yuko,Miyazaki, Anna,Ambo, Akihiro,Sasaki, Yusuke,Jinsmaa, Yunden,Bryant, Sharon D.,Lazarus, Lawrence H.,Okada, Yoshio
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p. 586 - 592
(2007/10/03)
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- Vitamin D analogues
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The invention concerns novel bi-aromatic compounds having the formula: which are analogs of vitamin D, the process of preparing them, as well as their use in pharmaceutical compositions in human or veterinary medicine, particularly in dermatology, cancer treatment, treatment of auto-immune diseases, and in organ or tissue transplants. Cosmetic compositions and methods of use are also included.
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Page column 85
(2010/02/05)
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- INHIBITORS OF PRENYL-PROTEIN TRANSFERASE
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The present invention is directed to peptidomimetic piperazine-containing macrocyclic compounds which inhibit prenyl-protein transferase and the prenylation of the oncogene protein Ras. The invention is further directed to chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for inhibiting prenyl-protein transferase and the prenylation of the oncogene protein Ras
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- Potential photoaffinity labels for tubulin. Synthesis and evaluation of diazocyclohexadienone and azide analogs of colchicine, combretastatin, and 3,4,5-trimethoxybiphenyl
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Analogs of tubulin assembly inhibitors such as colchicine, combretastatin, and 3,4,5-trimethoxybiphenyl which incorporate a 6-diazo-2,4-cyclohexadienone (o-quinone diazide) ring have been synthesized and characterized. The compounds synthesized include 6-diazo-4-(2',3',4'-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one and its 3-methyl and 3-ethyl analogs (1a-c), 6-diazo-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,4-cyclohexadien-1-one and its 4-methyl and 4-ethyl derivatives (2a-c), 4-[Z-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-6-diazocyclohexa-2,4-dienon e (3), 3-[Z-2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-6-diazocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1 -one (4), the corresponding dihydro derivatives (5, 6) and two isomeric diazocyclohexadienones derived from N-acetylcolchinol (7, 8). Compounds in which the cyclohexadienone oxygen is approximately isostructural with carbonyl or hydroxy functions of the parent compounds exhibit good activity in the tubulin assembly inhibition assay. 2'-Alkyl-4'azido-3,4,5-trimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyls also show good activity as tubulin assembly inhibitors.
- Olszewski,Marshalla,Sabat,Sundberg
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p. 4285 - 4296
(2007/10/02)
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- Kinetics and Mechanism of Iodination of Phenol and Substituted Phenols by Iodine Monochloride in Aqueous Acetic Acid
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In the title reactions the order with respect to ICl is unity and with respect to the substrate it is fractional in the concentration range studied.The effect of varying is negligible at lower acid (HClO) concentrations but at higher (> 0.01 M) there is unit dependence on .From the double reciprocal plot of 1/k1 versus 1/ the decomposition constants have been evaluated.Using these a linear ρ+ - ?+ plot is obtained indicating C-iodination.A mechanism consistent with the results obtained has been postulated.
- Prasada Rao, M. D.,Padmanabha, J.
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p. 133 - 135
(2007/10/02)
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