- C-S bond formation catalyzed by N-heterocylic carbene palladium phosphine complexes
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N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are known to be useful ligands for palladium-complex catalysis. It was found that [(NHC)Pd(PPh3)Cl2] is an effective pre-catalyst in Pd-catalyzed C-S cross coupling reactions to produce the functionalized sulfides in excellent yields. The turn over frequency (TOF) for the coupling of p-CH3C6H4Br with p-CH3C6H4SH reaches to 6.25 (mol of product) (mole of catalyst)-1 h-1.
- Fu, Ching-Feng,Liu, Yi-Hung,Peng, Shei-Ming,Liu, Shiuh-Tzung
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- A SIMPLE PREPARATION OF SYMMETRICAL AND UNSYMMETRICAL DIARYL SULFIDES FROM ARENEDIAZONIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATES
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The reaction between arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates and arenethiolates in Me2SO represents a mild, efficient and safe alternative to the Ziegler synthesis of diaryl sulfides.
- Petrillo, Giovanni,Novi, Marino,Garbarino, Giacomo,Dell'Erba, Carlo
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- Intermediates of copper(i)-catalyzed C-S cross coupling of thiophenol with aryl halide by in situ ESI-MS study
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Complexes [Cu(SPh)2]-, [Cu(SPh)I]- and K[Cu(SPh)2(Ph)]+ were observed by in situ electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis of the copper(i)-catalyzed C-S coupling reaction under catalytic reaction conditions indicating that they are intermediates in the reaction. A catalytic cycle was proposed based on these observations.
- Cheng, Shao-Wen,Tseng, Mei-Chun,Lii, Kwang-Hwa,Lee, Chi-Rung,Shyu, Shin-Guang
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- Calix[8]arene nanoreactor for Cu(i)-catalysed C-S coupling
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The catalytic activity of Cu(i) confined within a phenanthroline-containing calix[8]arene derivative was tested in C-S cross-coupling reactions. The substrate selectivity, solvent dependence, and catalyst loading differ significantly from those reported for bimetallic molecular systems. The putative monomeric complex represents the first calix[8]arene functionalised for endo-oriented metal chelation used as a nanoreactor.
- Guzmán-Percástegui, Edmundo,Hernández, David J.,Castillo, Ivan
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- A highly active and magnetically retrievable nanoferrite-DOPA-copper catalyst for the coupling of thiophenols with aryl halides
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Diaryl sulfides were synthesized using a magnetically recoverable heterogeneous Cu catalyst via one-pot multi component reaction using MW irradiation; the use of isopropanol as a benign reaction medium, easy recovery of the catalyst using an external magnet, efficient recycling, and the high stability of the catalyst render the protocol economic and sustainable. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012.
- Baig, R. B. Nasir,Varma, Rajender S.
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- AlCl3-mediated aromatic phenylthiation with N-phenylthiophthalimide
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N-Phenylthiophthalimide reacts with AlCl3 or TiCl4 in arenes to give phenylthiated arenes alone via a phenylsulfenium ion intermediate, modified neglect of diatomic overlap (MNDO) molecular orbital calculations of which revealed that the positive charge preferentially populates the sulfur atom rather than the phenyl group in the phenylsulfenium ion.
- Suwa, Satoshi,Sakamoto, Takeshi,Kikugawa, Yasuo
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- Electrochemistry Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Selective C?S Bond Coupling Reaction
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This work describes an electrochemical enabled nickel-catalyzed chemoselective C?S bond coupling protocol for the production of aryl sulfides and sulfones. By simply switching the nickel catalysts and electrodes, this electrochemical C?S bond coupling has demonstrated excellent redox activity, scalability and sustainability. Furthermore, the mechanism for this electrochemical cross-coupling reaction has been investigated.
- Pan, Yi,Wang, Yang,Wang, Yi,Zhang, Feng
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- Rh(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Decarbonylation of Thioesters
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Decarbonylative synthesis of thioethers from thioesters proceeds in the presence of a catalytic amount of [Rh(cod)Cl]2 (2 mol %). The protocol represents the first Rh-catalyzed decarbonylative thioetherification of thioesters to yield valuable thioethers. Notable features include the absence of phosphine ligands, inorganic bases, and other additives and excellent group tolerance to aryl chlorides and bromides that are problematic using other metals to promote decarbonylation. Gram scale synthesis, late-stage pharmaceutical derivatization, and orthogonal site-selective cross-couplings by C-S/C-Br cleavage are reported.
- Cao, Han,Liu, Xuejing,Bie, Fusheng,Shi, Yijun,Han, Ying,Yan, Peng,Szostak, Michal,Liu, Chengwei
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p. 10829 - 10837
(2021/07/28)
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- Ni(II) Precatalysts Enable Thioetherification of (Hetero)Aryl Halides and Tosylates and Tandem C?S/C?N Couplings
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Ni-catalyzed C?S cross-coupling reactions have received less attention compared with other C-heteroatom couplings. Most reported examples comprise the thioetherification of most reactive aryl iodides with aromatic thiols. The use of C?O electrophiles in this context is almost uncharted. Here, we describe that preformed Ni(II) precatalysts of the type NiCl(allyl)(PMe2Ar’) (Ar’=terphenyl group) efficiently couple a wide range of (hetero)aryl halides, including challenging aryl chlorides, with a variety of aromatic and aliphatic thiols. Aryl and alkenyl tosylates are also well tolerated, demonstrating, for the first time, to be competent electrophilic partners in Ni-catalyzed C?S bond formation. The chemoselective functionalization of the C?I bond in the presence of a C?Cl bond allows for designing site-selective tandem C?S/C?N couplings. The formation of the two C-heteroatom bonds takes place in a single operation and represents a rare example of dual electrophile/nucleophile chemoselective process.
- Martín, M. Trinidad,Marín, Mario,Maya, Celia,Prieto, Auxiliadora,Nicasio, M. Carmen
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supporting information
p. 12320 - 12326
(2021/08/09)
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- A Visible-Light-Harvesting Covalent Organic Framework Bearing Single Nickel Sites as a Highly Efficient Sulfur–Carbon Cross-Coupling Dual Catalyst
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Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as light-harvesting devices, as well as elegant heterogeneous catalysts. The combination of these two properties into a dual catalyst has not yet been explored. We report a new photosensitive triazine-based COF, decorated with single Ni sites to form a dual catalyst. This crystalline and highly porous catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in the visible-light-driven catalytic sulfur–carbon cross-coupling reaction. Incorporation of single transition metal sites in a photosensitive COF scaffold with two-component synergistic catalyst in organic transformation is demonstrated for the first time.
- Chen, Hui,Liu, Wanlu,Laemont, Andreas,Krishnaraj, Chidharth,Feng, Xiao,Rohman, Fadli,Meledina, Maria,Zhang, Qiqi,Van Deun, Rik,Leus, Karen,Van Der Voort, Pascal
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supporting information
p. 10820 - 10827
(2021/04/09)
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- Pd-Catalyzed Double-Decarbonylative Aryl Sulfide Synthesis through Aryl Exchange between Amides and Thioesters
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We report the palladium-catalyzed double-decarbonylative synthesis of aryl thioethers by an aryl exchange reaction between amides and thioesters. In this method, amides serve as aryl donors and thioesters are sulfide donors, enabling the synthesis of valuable aryl sulfides. The use of Pd/Xantphos without any additives has been identified as the catalytic system promoting the aryl exchange by C(O)-N/C(O)-S cleavages. The method is amenable to a wide variety of amides and sulfides.
- Bie, Fusheng,Cao, Han,Liu, Chengwei,Liu, Xuejing,Shi, Yijun,Szostak, Michal,Zhou, Tongliang
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p. 8098 - 8103
(2021/10/25)
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- Benzylic C?H Functionalisation by [Et3SiH+KOtBu] leads to Radical Rearrangements in o-tolyl Aryl Ethers, Amines and Sulfides
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Reaction of Et3SiH+KOtBu with diaryl ethers, sulfides and amines that feature an ortho alkyl group leads to rearrangement products. The rearrangements arise from formation of benzyl radicals, likely formed through hydrogen atom abstraction by triethylsilyl radicals. The rearrangements involve cyclisation of the benzyl radical onto the partner arene, which, from computation, is the rate determining step. In the case of diaryl ethers, Truce-Smiles rearrangements arise from radical cyclisations to form 5-membered rings, but for diarylamines, cyclisations to form dihydroacridines are observed. (Figure presented.).
- Arokianathar, Jude N.,Kolodziejczak, Krystian,Bugden, Frances E.,Clark, Kenneth F.,Tuttle, Tell,Murphy, John A.
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supporting information
p. 2260 - 2267
(2020/05/06)
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- C[sbnd]S cross-coupling catalyzed by a series of easily accessible, well defined Ni(II) complexes of the type [(NHC)Ni(Cp)(Br)]
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The synthesis, characterization and catalytic evaluation of a series of NHC-Ni(II) complexes 1-Ni (-Me), 2-Ni (-nBu) and 3-Ni (-Bn) bearing a phthalimide fragment and a cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligand is reported. The complexes were evaluated in C
- Rodríguez-Cruz, Mario A.,Hernández-Ortega, Simón,Valdés, Hugo,Rufino-Felipe, Ernesto,Morales-Morales, David
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p. 193 - 198
(2020/02/13)
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- A Robust Pd-Catalyzed C-S Cross-Coupling Process Enabled by Ball-Milling
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An operationally simple mechanochemical C-S coupling of aryl halides with thiols has been developed. The reaction process operates under benchtop conditions without the requirement for a (dry) solvent, an inert atmosphere, or catalyst preactivation. The reaction is finished within 3 h. The reaction is demonstrated across a broad range of substrates; the inclusion of zinc metal has been found to be critical in some instances, especially for coupling of alkyl thiols.
- Browne, Duncan L.,Jones, Andrew C.,Nicholson, William I.,Smallman, Harry R.
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p. 7433 - 7438
(2020/10/09)
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- DABCO-promoted Diaryl Thioether Formation by Metal-catalyzed Coupling of Sodium Sulfinates and Aryl Iodides
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A scalable catalytic synthesis method using commodity chemicals for constructing diaryl thioethers directly from sodium arylsulfinates and iodoarenes is reported in this study. In the presence of CuO or other copper salts such as Cu(OAc)2 as well as palladium catalysts, DABCO demonstrated to be essential to promote this transformation. Various iodoarenes and aryl sulfinates were examined and demonstrated the viability of this method. The mechanistic study showed that radical reactions occurred, while DABCO N-oxide radical can be observed by mass spectrometry. A plausible catalytic mechanism involving DABCO is also discussed, suggesting synergistic reduction of sulfinate by Cu(II) and DABCO is the key step of this coupling reaction. (Figure presented.).
- Liu, Yanpeng,Lam, Long Yin,Ye, Jiqing,Blanchard, Nicolas,Ma, Cong
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supporting information
p. 2326 - 2331
(2020/05/05)
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- Preventing Pd-NHC bond cleavage and switching from nano-scale to molecular catalytic systems: Amines and temperature as catalyst activators
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Many reactions catalyzed by Pd complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands are performed in the presence of amines which usually act as coupling reagents or mild bases. However, amines can react with Pd/NHC complexes in a number of ways: enhancing molecular catalysis, causing the catalyst deactivation or triggering the ligandless modes of catalysis by producing NHC-free active palladium species. This study gains insight into conditions required for the efficient use of amines as activators of molecular Pd/NHC catalysis and preventing the undesirable reductive cleavage of the Pd-NHC bond in catalytic systems. Reactions of Pd/NHC complexes with various amines within a temperature range of 25-140 °C and thermal stability of the resulting amino-complexes are examined. The results indicate the major influence of the amine structure and reaction temperature on the catalyst transformation. In particular, thermal decomposition of Pd/NHC complexes with aliphatic amine ligands predominantly leads to reductive Pd-NHC bond cleavage, while deprotonation of the complexes with primary and secondary aliphatic amine ligands in the presence of strong bases at 25-60 °C promotes the activation of molecular Pd/NHC catalysis. Efficient Pd-PEPPSI complex-amine systems suitable for strong-base-promoted C-S cross-coupling reactions between aryl halides and thiols are suggested on the basis of these findings.
- Ananikov, Valentine P.,Astakhov, Alexander V.,Chernenko, Andrey Yu.,Chernyshev, Victor M.,Khazipov, Oleg V.,Pasyukov, Dmitry V.,Shevchenko, Maxim A.,Tafeenko, Victor A.
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p. 1228 - 1247
(2020/03/26)
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- Palladium complex containing meta-position carborane triazole ligand and preparation method and application of palladium complex
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The invention relates to a palladium complex containing a meta-position carborane triazole ligand and a preparation method and application of the palladium complex. The palladium complex is prepared by the following steps: (1) dropwise adding an n-BuLi solution into a meta-position carborane m-C2B10H12 solution, carrying out stirring and reacting, then adding 3-propargyl bromide for a reaction again, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out separating to obtain 1,3-dipropargyl meta-carborane; and (2) under the catalytic condition of a catalyst CuI, carrying out a reaction on 1,3-dipropargyl meta-carborane and aryl azide, then adding PdCl2 into a reaction system, continuing the reaction, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out separation to obtain the palladium complex containing the meta-carborane triazole ligand. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention is simple and green; the complex can efficiently catalyze a coupling reaction of mercaptan and halogenated hydrocarbon to synthesize thioether compounds; reaction conditions are mild, substrate universality is good, catalytic efficiency is high, and few byproducts are produced;and the catalyst has high stability and is not sensitive to air and water.
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Paragraph 0041-0043
(2020/08/07)
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- Aryldithiocarbamates as thiol alternatives in Cu-catalyzed C(aryl)-S coupling reactions using aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts
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An efficient method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides has been developed by the C-S cross coupling of aryldithiocarbamates and aryldiazonium salts in the presence of CuI-2,2′-bipyridine and Zn. Aryldithiocarbamate compounds have been used here as thiol substitutes. The protocol shows wide substrate scope and good yields of the products.
- Dutta, Soumya,Saha, Amit
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p. 9360 - 9366
(2019/11/13)
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- Copper(I) selenophene-2-carboxylate (CuSC) promoted C–S cross-coupling reaction of thiols with aryl iodides
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We reported the synthesis of copper (I)-selenophene-2-carboxylate (CuSC) and application as new catalyst in the cross-coupling reactions of thiols with aryl iodide to afford the corresponding unsymmetrical thioethers. The optimized reaction conditions were applied to thiols and aryl iodides having a wide range of functional groups, including electron rich and electron poor substrates. The chemoselectivity of the reaction with 4-iodobromobenzene and 2-aminothiophenol derivatives was briefly examined through the competitive iodine versus bromine and thiol versus nitrogen cross-coupling.
- Barros, Olga Soares do Rêgo,Silva, Francielle Rodrigues,Nunes, Vanessa Loren
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- MOF nano porous-supported C-S cross coupling through one-pot post-synthetic modification
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UIO-66-NH2-Fu?Ni has been synthesized by anchoring a molecular nickel furfural (Fu) complex into a functionalized nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) with the amine functional groups, using the one-pot post-synthetic modification. This new
- Alinezhad, Heshmatollah,Ghasemi, Shahram,Cheraghian, Mansoureh
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- Achieving Nickel Catalyzed C-S Cross-Coupling under Mild Conditions Using Metal-Ligand Cooperativity
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A simple and efficient approach of C-S cross-coupling of a wide variety of (hetero)aryl thiols and (hetero)aryl halides under mild conditions, mostly at room temperature, catalyzed by well-defined singlet diradical Ni(II) catalysts bearing redox noninnocent ligands is reported. Taking advantage of ligand centered redox events, the high-energetic Ni(0)/Ni(II) or Ni(I)/Ni(III) redox steps were avoided in the catalytic cycle. The cooperative participation of both nickel and the coordinated ligands during oxidative addition/reductive elimination steps allowed us to perform the catalytic reactions under mild conditions.
- Sikari, Rina,Sinha, Suman,Das, Siuli,Saha, Anannya,Chakraborty, Gargi,Mondal, Rakesh,Paul, Nanda D.
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p. 4072 - 4085
(2019/04/01)
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- New arylselanylpyrazole-copper catalysts: Highly efficient catalytic system for C–Se and C–S coupling reactions
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We describe herein the use of arylselanylpyrazole–copper complexes as versatile catalysts for C–Se and C–S coupling reactions. The performance of these complexes for C–Se reactions was investigated in chalcogenoacetylene synthesis. The reactions were carried out under mild and aerobic conditions and afforded selanylalkynes bearing a variety of electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups. The performance of these catalysts for C–S coupling was investigated through the reaction of aryl halides with thiols and products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. A plausible mechanism for selenoacetylene synthesis is also suggested, and the 77Se NMR results show that these arylselanylpyrazole ligands act as hemilabile ligands. High-resolution mass spectrometry was used to investigate the intermediates and also to corroborate the proposed catalytic cycle.
- Coelho, Felipe Lange,Dresch, Lucielle Codeim,Stieler, Rafael,Campo, Leandra Franciscato,Schneider, Paulo Henrique
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- CoII immobilized on an aminated magnetic metal-organic framework catalyzed C-N and C-S bond forming reactions: A journey for the mild and efficient synthesis of arylamines and arylsulfides
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In this work, we report a simple and versatile method for the modification of a metal-organic framework (NH2-MIL53(Al)) in a step-wise manner. To characterize the synthesized nanostructured catalyst, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including FT-IR, XRD, BET, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, EDX-mapping, TGA, XPS, VSM, ICP-OES and CHN have been employed. Fe3O4@AMCA-MIL53(Al)-NH2-CoII NPs, which benefit from small nanocrystalline size (10-30 nm, according to the XRD and TEM data) in combination with the coexistence of magnetic nanoparticles, a metal-organic framework, and cobalt species, were found to be an excellent environment catalyst to promote the C-N and C-S cross coupling reactions. A wide range of functional substrates including electron-withdrawing and electron-donating aryl halides underwent the coupling reaction with aromatic/heteroaromatic/benzylic and aliphatic amines and sulfides. The results demonstrated that the yields of the target products were good to excellent and the catalyst can be recycled for at least seven recycling runs without a discernible decrease in its catalytic activity. Furthermore, the heterogeneity studies (such as hot filtration and poisoning tests) efficiently confirmed that the as-synthesized nanostructured catalyst is heterogeneous and completely stable under the reaction conditions. We hope that our study inspires more interest in designing novel catalysts based on using low-cost metal ions (such as cobalt) in the field of cross coupling reactions.
- Mohammadinezhad, Arezou,Akhlaghinia, Batool
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p. 15525 - 15538
(2019/10/19)
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- Forging C-S Bonds through Nickel-Catalyzed Aryl Anhydrides with Thiophenols: Decarbonylation or Decarbonylation Accompanied by Decarboxylation
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A nickel-catalyzed decarbonylation or decarbonylation accompanied by decarboxylation cross-coupling reaction of aryl anhydrides with thiophenols as coupling partners was disclosed. This method is promoted by a commercially available, moisture-stable, and inexpensive nickel(II) precatalyst. The process can tolerate a variety of functional groups using ubiquitous aryl anhydrides as cross-coupling precursors to produce thioethers in moderate to excellent yields.
- Zhou, Jing-Ya,Tao, Shou-Wei,Liu, Rui-Qing,Zhu, Yong-Ming
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p. 11891 - 11901
(2019/10/11)
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- Method for synthesizing asymmetric sulfide from molecular oxygen oxidation water phase under catalysis of water-soluble transition metal compound
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Aiming at problems that in the prior art organic solvent pollution can be caused and a great number of reaction byproducts are generated when asymmetric sulfides are prepared, the invention disclosesa method for synthesizing an asymmetric sulfide from a molecular oxygen oxidation water phase under catalysis of a water-soluble transition metal compound. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing a sulfydryl compound and a hydrazine compound as substrates in a mole ratio of 1:1 into an alkali solution, and at 40-100 DEG C, in the presence of oxygen, and with a water-soluble transitionmetal compound as a catalyst, stirring to carry out reactions, thereby obtaining the asymmetric sulfide. By adopting the method, molecular oxygen is adopted as an oxidant, and water is adopted as a solvent, so that an organic solvent is avoided, a high yield can be achieved, and the problem of byproducts can be generally avoided.
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Paragraph 0091
(2019/07/29)
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- Surfactant-Type Catalyst for Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Hydrazine with Thiol in Water
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A series of PEG-functionalized nitrogen ligands were developed to conduct an aerobic oxidative cross-coupling reaction between alkyl- or aryl-hydrazines with thiols in water. This surfactant-type catalyst enables high efficiencies and selectivities, while tolerating a large variety of functional groups. The mother liquor is still catalytically active after five runs.
- Ren, Xuanhe,Tang, Shanyu,Li, Longjia,Li, Jiao,Liang, Helong,Li, Ganzhong,Yang, Guanyu,Li, Heng,Yuan, Bingxin
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p. 8683 - 8690
(2019/07/08)
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- Direct C-S bond formation: Via C-O bond activation of phenols in a crossover Pd/Cu dual-metal catalysis system
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A dual-metal catalysis system including a newly prepared nanoparticle [SiO2@organic-linker(OL)@Pd(II)] and CuI was introduced with ultra-high catalytic activity (high turnover number (TON), up to 19000) to a one-pot and odorless synthesis of unsymmetrical aryl sulfides by crossover C-S bond formation. The reaction proceeds via C-O bond activation of phenols and direct C-S bond formation in the presence of S8 as an oddorless sulfur source and aryl boronic acids under mild conditions (room temperature). The catalyst could be recycled up to five times without an obvious change in its activity.
- Khakyzadeh, Vahid,Rostami, Abed,Veisi, Hojat,Shirmardi Shaghasemi, Behzad,Reimhult, Erik,Luque, Rafael,Xia, Yuanzhi,Darvishi, Sima
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p. 4491 - 4497
(2019/05/17)
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- Controlled Ni-catalyzed mono- and double-decarbonylations of α-ketothioesters
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A method for Ni-catalyzed controlled decarbonylation of α-ketothioesters is described. Mono- and double-decarbonylations, which gave thioesters and thioethers, respectively, were selectively achieved by changing the ligand. A fundamental study of Ni-catalyzed decarbonylation of α-ketothioesters is presented.
- Zheng, Zhao-Jing,Jiang, Cheng,Shao, Peng-Cheng,Liu, Wen-Fei,Zhao, Tian-Tian,Xu, Peng-Fei,Wei, Hao
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supporting information
p. 1907 - 1910
(2019/05/02)
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- NiFe2O4 as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst for odourless C–S bond formation via the cleavage of C–O bond in the presence of S8 under mild and green conditions
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We present green methodologies for one-pot and odourless syntheses of unsymmetric and symmetric diaryl sulfides via C─O bond activation using NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as a reusable heterogeneous nanocatalyst. The synthesis of unsymmetric sulfides is performed using the cross-coupling reaction of phenolic esters such as acetates, triflates and tosylates with arylboronic acid/S8 or triphenyltin chloride/S8 as thiolating agents in the presence of base and NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as a catalyst in poly(ethylene glycol) as solvent at 60–85°C. Also, the synthesis of symmetric diaryl sulfides from phenolic compounds using S8 as the sulfur source and NiFe2O4 as catalyst in dimethylformamide at 120°C is described. Using these protocols, the syntheses of various unsymmetric and symmetric sulfides become easier than using the available protocols due to the use of a magnetically reusable bimetallic nanocatalyst and avoiding the use of thiols and aryl halides.
- Atashkar, Bahareh,Rostami, Amin,Rostami, Abed,Zolfigol, Mohammad Ali
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- Syntheses of Thioethers and Selenide Ethers from Anilines
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In this study, a general procedure was proposed for synthesizing thioethers and selenide ethers from anilines under solvent-free and transition-metal-free conditions. Thioethers were formed when anilines reacted with thiols under blue light-emitting-diode (LED) irradiation at room temperature without a photocatalyst. When reactions were performed using anilines and diselenides, the corresponding selenide ethers were obtained with satisfactory to excellent yields. The reaction was performed under photocatalyst-free and solvent-free conditions without blue LEDs. The advantages of this system include convenient operations, mild reaction conditions, satisfactory functional group tolerance, and late-stage selenylation of drug molecules.
- Shieh, Yi-Chen,Du, Kai,Basha, R. Sidick,Xue, Yung-Jing,Shih, Bo-Hao,Li, Liang,Lee, Chin-Fa
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p. 6223 - 6231
(2019/05/24)
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- Decarbonylative thioetherification by nickel catalysis using air- and moisture-stable nickel precatalysts
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A general, highly selective method for decarbonylative thioetherification of aryl thioesters by C-S cleavage is reported. These reactions are promoted by a commercially-available, user-friendly, inexpensive, air- and moisture-stable nickel precatalyst. The process occurs with broad functional group tolerance, including free anilines, cyanides, ketones, halides and aryl esters, to efficiently generate thioethers using ubiquitous carboxylic acids as ultimate cross-coupling precursors (cf. conventional aryl halides or pseudohalides). Selectivity studies and site-selective orthogonal cross-coupling/thioetherification are described. This thioester activation/coupling has been highlighted in the expedient synthesis of biorelevant drug analogue. In light of the synthetic utility of thioethers and Ni(ii) precatalysts, we anticipate that this user-friendly method will be of broad interest.
- Liu, Chengwei,Szostak, Michal
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p. 2130 - 2133
(2018/03/06)
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- Phenyldithiocarbamates: Efficient Sulfuration Reagents in the Chan–Lam Coupling Reaction
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The Chan–Lam coupling reaction starting from phenyldithiocarbamates and phenylboronic acids is reported. To avoid using the volatile, hazardous, and foul-smelling thiols, which are sometimes expensive and not sufficiently available, phenyldithiocarbamates can be employed. They are demonstrated to be good sulfuration reagents in the Chan–Lam coupling to prepare biaryl sulfides. By using this protocol, dithiocarbamate substrates with a wide range of functional groups including electron-rich and electron-deficient ones are explored to obtain the desired substituted biaryl sulfides smoothly. This method is ligand-free, has a broad substrate scope, enables good yields, and is easy to perform. It provides a facile and convenient preparation of biaryl sulfides.
- Cheng, Yu,Liu, Xing,Dong, Zhi-Bing
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p. 815 - 820
(2018/02/21)
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- Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylative C-S Coupling to Convert Thioesters to Thioethers
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This Letter describes the development of a catalytic decarbonylative C-S coupling reaction that transforms thioesters into thioethers. Both Pd- and Ni-based catalysts are developed and applied to the construction of diaryl, aryl alkyl, and heterocycle-containing thioethers.
- Ichiishi, Naoko,Malapit, Christian A.,Wo?niak, Aukasz,Sanford, Melanie S.
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supporting information
p. 44 - 47
(2018/01/17)
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- Nickel Phosphite/Phosphine-Catalyzed C-S Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Thiols
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A method for the coupling of aryl chlorides and thiophenols using an air-stable nickel(0) catalyst is described. This thioetherification procedure can be effectively applied to a range of electronically diverse aryl/heteroaryl chlorides without more expensive metal catalysts such as palladium, iridium, or ruthenium. This investigation also illustrates both, a variety of thiol coupling partners and, in certain cases, the use of Cs2CO3.
- Jones, Kieran D.,Power, Dennis J.,Bierer, Donald,Gericke, Kersten M.,Stewart, Scott G.
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supporting information
p. 208 - 211
(2018/01/17)
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- Synthesis of diaryl sulfides via nickel ferrite-catalysed C─S bond formation in green media
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NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized, characterized and applied as an air-stable, inexpensive and magnetically separable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of structurally diverse sulfides. Efficient methodologies were developed for the synthesis of unsymmetric diaryl sulfides via odourless and one-pot reactions of triphenyltin chloride/S8 or arylboronic acid/S8 as thiolating agents with aryl halides or nitroarenes as starting materials in the presence of base (K2CO3 or NaOH) and NiFe2O4 MNPs as a catalyst in water or poly (ethylene glycol) as solvent at 80–110?°C. Free from ligand and the unpleasant smell of thiols and with the use of magnetically reusable nanocatalyst, green solvents and commercially available and cheap sulfur source and starting materials, these methods are more eco-friendly and practical than available protocols for the synthesis of sulfides.
- Farzin, Shiva,Rahimi, Abdollah,Amiri, Kamran,Rostami, Abed,Rostami, Amin
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- A Novel Method for the Direct Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Sulfides and Disulfides from Aryl Halides and Ethyl Potassium Xanthogenate
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An efficient and new method for the synthesis of disulfides and sulfides via the reaction of aryl halides with ethyl potassium xanthogenate in the presence of MOF-199 is described. O -Ethyl- S -aryl carbonodithioate has a key role as an intermediate in this procedure; it was converted into symmetrical diaryl disulfides in DMF. Additionally, this could be applied to the synthesis of unsymmetrical aryl alkyl(aryl′) disulfides by the reaction with S -alkyl(aryl) sulfurothioates (Bunte salts) as well as unsymmetrical aryl alkyl(aryl′) sulfides in DMSO.
- Soleiman-Beigi,Arzehgar
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supporting information
p. 986 - 992
(2018/02/09)
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- Cross C-S coupling reaction catalyzed by copper(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes
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Copper(i) N-heterocyclic carbene has a good activity towards aryl halides and was used as a model complex to study the catalytic cycle of Cu(i) to catalyze the cross C-S coupling reaction because the N-heterocyclic carbene has a strong electron donating property, and ligand dissociation can be avoided. Free radical scavenger cumene does not retard the yield of the reaction indicating that the catalytic reaction goes through a non free radical path. Switching the solvent from toluene to DMF lowered the yield of the reaction. DFT calculation shows that the activation of aryl halide is the rate determining step, and the activation energy is higher for the reaction in DMF than in toluene. A plausible catalytic cycle is proposed with the support of DFT calculation.
- Huang, Wei-Kai,Chen, Wei-Ting,Hsu, I.-Jui,Han, Chien-Chung,Shyu, Shin-Guang
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p. 4912 - 4920
(2017/02/05)
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- Ferromagnetic nanoparticle-supported copper complex: A highly efficient and reusable catalyst for three-component syntheses of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and C–S coupling of aryl halides
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A new nanocatalyst was synthesized by immobilization of 4′-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine/CuI complex on ferromagnetic nanoparticles through a surface modification (FMNPs@SiO2-TPy-Cu). This heterogeneous catalyst was characterized using various techniques including Fourier transform infrared and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry and thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting nanocatalyst presented excellent catalytic activity for the regioselective syntheses of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles and thioethers. The thermally and chemically stable, benign and economical catalyst was easily recovered using an external magnet and reused in at least five successive runs without an appreciable loss of activity.
- Khodaei, Mohammad Mehdi,Bahrami, Kiumars,Meibodi, Farhat Sadat
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- Nickel(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Versatile Catalysts for C–C, C–S and C–N Coupling Reactions
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A variety of NiII complexes with a wide range of electronic and steric properties, bearing picolylimidazolidene ligands (a–g) and Cp (Cp = η5-C5H5; 2a–f) or Cp* (Cp* = η5-C5Me5; 3a, c, g) groups, have been synthesised and characterised by using NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The complexes have been used as precatalysts for a wide range of catalytic transformations, which most likely involve a Ni0/NiII catalytic cycle. In particular, the new well-defined 2a, 2c, 3a and 3c complexes have demonstrated great efficiency and versatility towards Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions, hydroamination of activated olefins and C–S cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides and thiols under mild conditions.
- Junquera, Lourdes Benítez,Fernández, Francys E.,Puerta, M. Carmen,Valerga, Pedro
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supporting information
p. 2547 - 2556
(2017/05/29)
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- Carbon-sulphur cross coupling reactions catalyzed by nickel-based coordination polymers based on metalloligands
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This work illustrates two Ni2+ based coordination polymers (CPs, 1-Ni and 2-Ni) synthesized using two related Co3+ based metalloligands offering appended arylcarboxylate groups. The crystal structure of 1-Ni displays a porous 3D network having well-defined major and minor pores whereas 2-Ni exhibits a somewhat densely packed structure. Both CPs supported the exchange of coordinated water molecules and the inclusion of iodine within their porous structure whereas binding studies illustrated that the Ni(ii) ion in these CPs can bind thiophenol, a reagent used in the C-S cross coupling reactions. The two CPs functioned as the reusable heterogeneous catalysts for the C-S cross coupling reactions between substituted aromatic halides and thiophenol as well as cyclohexanethiol and ethanethiol.
- Kumar, Gulshan,Hussain, Firasat,Gupta, Rajeev
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p. 15023 - 15031
(2017/11/14)
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- Copper-Catalyzed C-S Bond Formation via the Cleavage of C-O Bonds in the Presence of S8 as the Sulfur Source
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Useful and applicable methods for one-pot and odorless synthesis of unsymmetrical and symmetrical diaryl sulfides via C-O bond activation are presented. First, a new efficient procedure for the synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfides using the cross-coupling reaction of phenolic esters such as acetates, tosylates, and triflates and with arylboronic acid or triphenyltin chloride as the coupling partners is reported. Depending on the reaction, S 8 /KF or S 8 /NaO t -Bu system is found to be an effective source of sulfur in the presence of copper salts and in poly(ethylene glycol) as a green solvent. Then, the synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides from phenolic compounds by using S 8 as the sulfur source and NaO t -Bu in anhydrous DMF at 120 °C under N 2 is described. By these protocols, the synthesis of a variety of unsymmetrical and symmetrical sulfides become easier than the available protocols in which thiols and aryl halides are directly used for the preparation of the sulfides.
- Rostami, Abed,Rostami, Amin,Ghaderi, Arash,Gholinejad, Mohammad,Gheisarzadeh, Sajedeh
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p. 5025 - 5038
(2017/10/06)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed C–S Coupling: Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfides Starting from Phenyldithiocarbamates and Iodobenzenes
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A nickel-catalyzed C–S bond-formation protocol for the synthesis of diaryl sulfides is described. In a reaction catalyzed by NiCl2, phenyldithiocarbamates react with iodobenzenes to give diaryl sulfides smoothly in good to excellent yields (66–93 %). The catalyst is cheap, the reaction is easy to carry out, the substrate scope is broad, and the yields are good. Thus, this gives an alternative way to prepare diaryl sulfides.
- Liu, Xing,Cao, Qiang,Xu, Wan,Zeng, Meng-Tian,Dong, Zhi-Bing
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p. 5795 - 5799
(2017/10/23)
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- Copper nanoparticles supported on polyaniline-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes: An efficient and recyclable catalyst for synthesis of unsymmetric sulfides using potassium ethyl xanthogenate in water
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A new and powerful polyaniline-functionalized carbon nanotube-supported copper(II) nanoparticle catalyst was successfully prepared and evaluated as a heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of unsymmetric thioethers by coupling of aryl, alkyl and benzyl halides using potassium ethyl xanthogenate as source of sulfur in water. All of these reactions gave the desired products in good to excellent yields. The catalyst is available, air-stable and can be reused several times without significant loss in its catalytic activity.
- Hajipour, Abdol R.,Jajarmi, Saeideh,Khorsandi, Zahra
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- CuI/Oxalic Diamide-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Thiols with Aryl Bromides and Chlorides
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We report a general copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of thiols with aryl halides by using N-aryl-N′-alkyl oxalic diamide (L3) or N,N′-dialkyl oxalic diamide (L5) as the ligand. Both aryl and alkyl thiols can be coupled with unactivated aryl bromides and chlorides to give the desired products in good yields. Furthermore, this system features a broad substrate scope and good tolerance of functional groups. Importantly, the oxalic diamides are stable and can be prepared easily from commercially available and cheap starting materials.
- Chen, Chia-Wei,Chen, Yi-Ling,Reddy, Daggula Mallikarjuna,Du, Kai,Li, Chao-En,Shih, Bo-Hao,Xue, Yung-Jing,Lee, Chin-Fa
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supporting information
p. 10087 - 10091
(2017/08/01)
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- Mild synthesis of triarylsulfonium salts with arynes
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Reactions between arynes and alkyl sulfides have been extensively studied over the past few decades. These reactions commonly end with a dealkylation process and thus deliver thioethers as final products. In contrast, the transformation described furnishes valuable triarylsulfonium salts, in lieu of thioethers, from arynes and diarylsulfides. The reaction features mild conditions and a broad substrate scope. A suite of functional groups such as ketones, esters, nitriles, aryl ethers and aryl halides is tolerated, which can be issues faced by traditional synthetic methods. The practicality of the reaction and its extension to the synthesis of triphenyl selenonium salt are also exhibited herein.
- Zhang, Lei,Li, Xiaojin,Sun, Yan,Zhao, Weizhao,Luo, Fan,Huang, Xin,Lin, Lihui,Yang, Ying,Peng, Bo
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supporting information
p. 7181 - 7189
(2017/09/07)
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- Cu-ZSM5 as reusable catalyst for the one-pot, odorless and ligand-free C-S bond formation
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CuI-ZSM5 and CuII-ZSM5 as reusable and heterogeneous nanocatalysts were synthesized and characterized using various techniques. The catalysts have been applied for the practical synthesis of various phenyl aryl/benzyl sulfides via one-pot and odorless processes from the reaction of triphenyltin chloride or phenylboronic acid as phenyl source with different aryl/benzyl halides in the presence of S8 as sulfur source and KF or KOH as S8 activator in DMF at 80 °C.
- Amiri, Kamran,Rostami, Amin,Samadi, Saadi,Rostami, Abed
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p. 108 - 112
(2016/08/25)
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- Efficient Cu-catalyzed one-pot odorless synthesis of sulfides from triphenyltin chloride, aryl halides and S8 in PEG
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A novel method for the Cu(OAc)2 catalyzed synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfides from triphenyltin chloride and aryl halides using S8 as the sulfur source in PEG200 at 60-80°C is reported. Triphenyltin chloride is capable of delivering all of its phenyl groups to the product. Also, the copper catalyzed synthesis of symmetrical diaryl sulfides from aryl halides using S8 is described.
- Rostami, Abed,Rostami, Amin,Iranpoor, Nasser,Zolfigol, Mohammad Ali
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supporting information
p. 192 - 195
(2015/12/30)
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- CuFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticle catalyzed odorless synthesis of sulfides using phenylboronic acid and aryl halides in the presence of S8
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CuFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared, characterized and used as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of phenyl aryl/heteroaryl/benzyl sulfides through the cross-coupling reaction of phenylboronic acid with aryl/heteroaryl/benzyl halides in the presence of S8 as a sulfur source in PEG400 as a reusable solvent at 80 °C. Also, the synthesis of symmetrical sulfides from aryl/heteroaryl halides using S8, KF and Cs2CO3 in PEG400 at 120 °C is described. The magnetic nanocatalyst was recycled up to 6 times with little loss of activity.
- Amiri, Kamran,Rostami, Amin,Rostami, Abed
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p. 7522 - 7528
(2016/09/09)
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- A highly efficient heterogeneous copper-catalyzed Chan-Lam coupling between thiols and arylboronic acids leading to diaryl sulfides under mild conditions
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The heterogeneous Chan-Lam coupling reaction between thiols and arylboronic acids was achieved in EtOH at room temperature in the presence of 5 mol % of MCM-41-immobilized 1,10-phenanthroline-copper(II) complex [MCM-41-1,10-Phen-CuSO4] with n-Bu4NOH (40% aq) as base under O2 atmosphere, yielding a variety of unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides in good to excellent yields under mild and green conditions. The new heterogeneous copper complex can easily be prepared by a simple procedure from commercially readily available and inexpensive reagents, and recovered by a simple filtration of the reaction solution and recycled for at least eight times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
- Lin, Yang,Cai, Mingzhong,Fang, Zhiqiang,Zhao, Hong
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p. 3335 - 3343
(2016/05/19)
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- An efficient d-glucosamine-based copper catalyst for C-X couplings and its application in the synthesis of nilotinib intermediate
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d-Glucosamine has been studied for C-N and C-S bond formations via cross-coupling reactions of nitrogen and sulfur nucleophiles with both aryl iodides and bromides. Imidazoles, benzimidazole, indole, pyrrolidine and diphenyl disulfide undergo reactions with aryl halides in the presence of 10 mol% d-glucosamine, 10 mol% CuI, and 2 equiv. of Cs2CO3 in DMSO-H2O at moderate temperature to give the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. Substrates bearing halides, free amino groups, trifluoromethyl and heterocycles were well tolerated. The high water solubility of the ligand enables easy catalyst removal. In addition, the application of this catalytic system for the synthesis of nilotinib intermediate was also successfully demonstrated using commercially available substrates. This journal is
- Wen, Ming,Shen, Chao,Wang, Linfang,Zhang, Pengfei,Jin, Jianzhong
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p. 1522 - 1528
(2015/02/18)
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- A diphenyl ether derived bidentate secondary phosphine oxide as a preligand for nickel-catalyzed C-S cross-coupling reactions
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A new bidentate secondary phosphine oxide (SPO) was synthesized from diphenyl ether via ortho-lithiation, phosphorylation with PhP(Cl)NEt2, and hydrolysis in an acidic medium. Nickel(0) species ligated with this new SPO was established as a mor
- Wellala, Nadeesha P. N.,Guan, Hairong
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supporting information
p. 10802 - 10807
(2015/11/17)
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- Microwave-Assisted Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of Thiols with Aryl Iodides in Water
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Microwave-promoted C-S bond formation from thiols and aryl iodides in the presence of a copper catalyst is reported. A combination of copper(II) oxide and 1,10-phenanthroline catalyzes this reaction. A variety of aryl iodides react smoothly with thiols to provide the corresponding aryl sulfides in good to excellent yields. Notably, the reactions proceed in water with a short reaction time (30 minutes). This system shows broad functional-group tolerance; amino, chloro, bromo, acetyl, and nitro groups are unaffected by the reaction conditions.
- Chen, Yi-An,Badsara, Satpal Singh,Tsai, Wan-Ting,Lee, Chin-Fa
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p. 181 - 186
(2015/05/04)
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- Ligand-free copper-catalyzed synthesis of asymmetrical thioethers by coupling aryl or alkyl halides using an acetyl thiourea precursor in wet polyethylene glyol (PEG 400)
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Asymmetrical diaryl or aryl alkyl thioethers can be prepared in good to excellent yields by coupling the appropriate aryl iodides and aryl or alkyl bromines using acetyl thiourea as a thiolprecursor, Cu2O as a catalyst, KOH as a base, and PEG 400-H2O as a solvent under ligand-free conditions.
- Zhang, Baohua,Shi, Lanxiang,Guo, Ruixia,Wang, Juan
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p. 561 - 566
(2015/05/20)
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- Ligand-free Cu-catalyzed odorless synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfides through cross-coupling reaction of aryl/benzyl/alkyl halides with an aryl boronic acid/S8 system as a thiolating agent in PEG
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In this article, we have presented a novel, efficient and environmentally benign method for one-pot, one-step and odorless synthesis of a wide range of unsymmetrical sulfides from the reaction of aryl/benzyl/alkyl halides with aryl boronic acids in the presence of S8, NaOH and a catalytic amount of CuI in PEG200 as green solvent at 40-60 °C. The products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. More importantly, this reaction is applicable for the gram-scale preparation of the desired sulfides.
- Rostami, Amin,Rostami, Abed,Ghaderi, Arash,Zolfigol, Mohammad Ali
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p. 37060 - 37065
(2015/05/05)
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- (1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methanol: An efficient bidentate ligand for copper catalyzed S-arylation of thiols
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An operationally simple, palladium-free synthetic protocol for thio-arylation using 0.5 mol % CuI and 1 mol % (1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methanol as ligand is described. The ligand was found to be cheap, thermally stable, easy to synthesize, show simplicity in use and wide use in coupling reactions. Appropriately, the donor ability of the N=N bond of the benzotriazole ring and lone pair of electrons on the hydroxy group increases the bidentate ability of the ligand. Using this protocol, we have shown that a variety of aryl sulfides that can be synthesized in excellent yields from readily available aryl halide and thiols.
- Jhaa, Rajeev Ranjan,Choudharya, Deepak,Verma, Akhilesh K.
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p. 451 - 458
(2019/01/21)
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