- Small-compound enhancers for functional O-mannosylation of alpha-dystroglycan, and uses thereof
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The present invention provides compounds that can enhance functional O-mannosylation of proteins including alpha-dystroglycan. Also provided are methods of preparation of the compounds defined by the formula I. Also provided are the methods of using the compounds or the pharmaceutical acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof in treating and preventing subjects suffering from the diseases including muscular dystrophies and cancers.
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Page/Page column 18; 20
(2019/03/14)
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- General Entry into o-,o′-Heteroatom-Linked N-(Hetero)aryl-Imidazole Motifs by Gold-Catalysed Formal [3+2]-Dipolar Cycloaddition
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A general redox-neutral approach into the o-,o′-heteroatom-linked N-(hetero)aryl-imidazole family of heteroaromatics has been developed. New types of heteroatom substituted carbimidoyl nitrenoids are efficiently realised from robust, bench-stable N-(heteroaryl)-pyridinium-N-aminides by formal gold-catalysed [3+2]-dipolar cycloadditions across ynamides. Broad structural variety and functional group tolerance allows rapid access into diverse functionalised scaffolds, as exemplified by the preparation of 8 different heteroaromatic cores. (Figure presented.).
- Garzón, Miguel,Arce, Elsa M.,Reddy, Raju Jannapu,Davies, Paul W.
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supporting information
p. 1837 - 1843
(2017/06/09)
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- Highly efficient synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives in water: Metal sulfide-disulfide dynamic interchange reaction
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A convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles from disulfide and CS2 mediated by a metal sulfide in water is described. This synthetic methodology could be used to prepare diverse 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives in good to excellent yields. In this paper, the concept of metal sulfide-disulfide dynamic interchange reaction was put forward. Then the intermediates of the interchange reaction between NaHS and a disulfide were detected by LC-MS, which demonstrated that the S-S bond of the disulfide could be broken by the metal sulfide through the dynamic interchange reaction. In addition, NaHS was eventually transformed into sulfur S8 by the dynamic interchange reaction. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole formation is proposed, in which NaHS not only acts as an S-S bond cleaving agent but also as an activator of CS2. As a result, a novel synthetic route for the preparation of sulfur-containing heterocycles from a disulfide is developed.
- Lou, Chunqing,Zhu, Ning,Fan, Ronghua,Hong, Hailong,Han, Limin,Zhang, Jianbin,Suo, Quanling
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p. 1102 - 1108
(2017/08/15)
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- Green synthesis method of 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles derivatives
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The invention provides a green synthesis method of 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles derivatives. The method comprises the step of enabling o-amino aromatic disulfide, CS2 and metal sulfide to be in contact with a solvent to obtain the 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles derivatives, wherein the solvent is at least one of water, low carbon alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and 1, 4-dioxane. Compared with the prior art, the method enables the o-amino aromatic disulfide to react with the CS2, thus rapidly and efficiently synthesizing the 2-mercaptobenzothiazoles derivatives; the raw materials used by the method are stable, easy to obtain and low in cost; the synthesis method is simple and convenient in operation, short in step, high in yield and easy in purification of a product.
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Paragraph 0122; 0123
(2018/02/04)
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- Small molecules enhance functional O-mannosylation of Alpha-dystroglycan
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Alpha-dystroglycan (α-DG), a highly glycosylated receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, plays a critical role in many biological processes. Hypoglycosylation of α-DG results in various types of muscular dystrophies and is also highly associated with progression of majority of cancers. Currently, there are no effective treatments for those devastating diseases. Enhancing functional O-mannosyl glycans (FOG) of α-DG on the cell surfaces is a potential approach to address this unmet challenge. Based on the hypothesis that the cells can up-regulate FOG of α-DG in response to certain chemical stimuli, we developed a cell-based high-throughput screening (HTS) platform for searching chemical enhancers of FOG of α-DG from a large chemical library with 364,168 compounds. Sequential validation of the hits from a primary screening campaign and chemical works led to identification of a cluster of compounds that positively modulate FOG of α-DG on various cell surfaces including patient-derived myoblasts. These compounds enhance FOG of α-DG by almost ten folds, which provide us powerful tools for O-mannosylation studies and potential starting points for the development of drug to treat dystroglycanopathy.
- Lv, Fengping,Li, Zhi-Fang,Hu, Wenhao,Wu, Xiaohua
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supporting information
p. 7661 - 7670
(2015/12/18)
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- Water networks contribute to enthalpy/entropy compensation in protein-ligand binding
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The mechanism (or mechanisms) of enthalpy-entropy (H/S) compensation in protein-ligand binding remains controversial, and there are still no predictive models (theoretical or experimental) in which hypotheses of ligand binding can be readily tested. Here we describe a particularly well-defined system of protein and ligands - human carbonic anhydrase (HCA) and a series of benzothiazole sulfonamide ligands with different patterns of fluorination - that we use to define enthalpy/entropy (H/S) compensation in this system thermodynamically and structurally. The binding affinities of these ligands (with the exception of one ligand, in which the deviation is understood) to HCA are, despite differences in fluorination pattern, indistinguishable; they nonetheless reflect significant and compensating changes in enthalpy and entropy of binding. Analysis reveals that differences in the structure and thermodynamic properties of the waters surrounding the bound ligands are an important contributor to the observed H/S compensation. These results support the hypothesis that the molecules of water filling the active site of a protein, and surrounding the ligand, are as important as the contact interactions between the protein and the ligand for biomolecular recognition, and in determining the thermodynamics of binding.
- Breiten, Benjamin,Lockett, Matthew R.,Sherman, Woody,Fujita, Shuji,Al-Sayah, Mohammad,Lange, Heiko,Bowers, Carleen M.,Heroux, Annie,Krilov, Goran,Whitesides, George M.
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supporting information
p. 15579 - 15584
(2013/11/06)
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- Analogues of the allosteric heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) inhibitor, MKT-077, as anti-cancer agents
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The rhodacyanine, MKT-077, has antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines through its ability to inhibit members of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family of molecular chaperones. However, MKT-077 is rapidly metabolized, which limits its use as either a chemical probe or potential therapeutic. We report the synthesis and characterization of MKT-077 analogues designed for greater stability. The most potent molecules, such as 30 (JG-98), were at least 3-fold more active than MKT-077 against the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (EC50 values of 0.4 ± 0.03 and 0.7 ± 0.2 μM, respectively). The analogues modestly destabilized the chaperone clients, Akt1 and Raf1, and induced apoptosis in these cells. Further, the microsomal half-life of JG-98 was improved at least 7-fold (t1/2 = 37 min) compared to MKT-077 (t1/2 5 min). Finally, NMR titration experiments suggested that these analogues bind an allosteric site that is known to accommodate MKT-077. These studies advance MKT-077 analogues as chemical probes for studying Hsp70s roles in cancer.
- Li, Xiaokai,Srinivasan, Sharan R.,Connarn, Jamie,Ahmad, Atta,Young, Zapporah T.,Kabza, Adam M.,Zuiderweg, Erik. R. P.,Sun, Duxin,Gestwicki, Jason E.
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supporting information
p. 1042 - 1047
(2013/12/04)
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- Novel KCNQ2/Q3 agonists as potential therapeutics for epilepsy and neuropathic pain
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Current drugs for the treatment of seizure disorders, although effective in many patients, still suffer from a number of failures and are not effective in some forms of resistant epilepsies. Historically,many of these drugs have multiple mechanisms of action including calcium and sodium channel blockade as well as GABAergic activity and thus a number of associated side effects. Modulation of the M-current through opening ofKCNQ channels has been proposed as a way to attenuate neuroexcitability and have a therapeutic benefit for the treatment of seizure disorders. Therefore, as part of our program to identify new treatments for epilepsy, we set out to identify agonists of KCNQ channels. High throughput screening of our corporate collection led to the identification of 1, adamantane-1-carboxylic acid (3-methyl-3H-benzothiazol-2-ylidine) hydrazide, a potent KCNQ2/Q3 agonist. Herein, we describe the syntheses and structure - activity relationships of analogues of 1 as well as their in vivo activity in animal models of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. 2009 American Chemical Society.
- Fritch, Paul C.,McNaughton-Smith, Grant,Amato, George S.,Burns, James F.,Eargle, C. Wesley,Roeloffs, Rosemarie,Harrison, William,Jones, Leslie,Wickenden, Alan D.
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experimental part
p. 887 - 896
(2010/07/05)
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- Improved synthesis of 2-(3H)benzothiazolethiones under microwave irradiation
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2-(3H)Benzothiazolethiones (2-mercaptobenzothiazole) are prepared by an improved method, which utilizes microwave-assisted cyclization of the corresponding ortho-haloanlines with potassium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate. By using microwave irradiation, the relative reactivity of 2-chloroanilines was greatly improved to the same level as that of 2-fluoroanilines and 2-bromoanilines. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Huang, Wei,Tan, Ying,Ding, Ming-Wu,Yang, Guang-Fu
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p. 369 - 376
(2007/10/03)
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- New herbicidal fluorobenzothiazolyloxyacetamides
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Novel herbicidal fluorobenzothiazolyloxyacetamides of the formula STR1 in which R1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl and aralkyl, R2 represents an optionally
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