- Direct Oxidative Conversion of Benzoyl Chlorides to 2-Imidazoles Using Heteropolyacids
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The reaction of benzoyl chlorides with ethylenediamine in the presence of catalytic amounts of Keggin-type heteropolyacids led to oxidative conversion of benzoyl chlorides to the corresponding 2-imidazoles in good yields.
- Sadjadi, Samaheh,Heravi, Majid M.,Poormohammad, Nargess,Oskooie, Hossein A.,Beheshtiha, Yahya. Sh.,Bamoharram, Fatemeh F.
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Read Online
- Identification of Piperidine-3-carboxamide Derivatives Inducing Senescence-like Phenotype with Antimelanoma Activities
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This study evaluated the potential use of senescence-inducing small molecules in the treatment of melanoma. We screened commercially available small-molecule libraries with high-throughput screening and high-content screening image-based technology. Our findings showed an initial hit with the embedded N-arylpiperidine-3-carboxamide scaffold-induced senescence-like phenotypic changes in human melanoma A375 cells without serious cytotoxicity against normal cells. A focused library containing diversely modified analogues were constructed and examined to evaluate the structure-activity relationship of N-arylpiperidine-3-carboxamide derivatives starting from hit 1. This work identified a novel compound with remarkable antiproliferative activity in vitro and demonstrated the key structural moieties within.
- Oh, Sangmi,Kwon, Do Yoon,Choi, Inhee,Kim, Young Mi,Lee, Ji Young,Ryu, Jiyoung,Jeong, Hangyeol,Kim, Myung Jin,Song, Rita
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supporting information
p. 563 - 571
(2021/05/06)
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- Highly efficient protocol for the aromatic compounds nitration catalyzed by magnetically recyclable core/shell nanocomposite
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An efficient protocol for the nitration of aromatic compounds in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid-functionalized silica-based magnetic core/shell nanocomposite was reported. The designed products were obtained in high yields in relatively short reaction times at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The nanocatalyst was simply recovered from the reaction mixture by using an external magnet and efficiently reused for several times. The characterization of particle size, morphology and elemental analysis of the nanocatalyst were provided by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses, respectively.
- Maleki, Ali,Aghaei, Morteza,Paydar, Reza
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p. 485 - 490
(2017/01/10)
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- HEPARAN SULFATE BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES
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Described herein are compounds of Formula I, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments containing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat or prevent diseases or conditions in need of inhibition of heparan sulfate biosynthesis.
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Paragraph 000308
(2016/05/02)
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- Fe3O4/SiO2/(CH2)3N+Me3Br3- core-shell nanoparticles: A novel catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of five- and six-membered heterocycles
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Functionalized magnetic core-shell nanoparticles [Fe3O4/SiO2/(CH2)3N+Me3Br3-] are prepared by co-precipitation method, characterized by transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The catalytic activity of these nanoparticles was tested in the syntheses of imidazole, benzothiazole, and perimidine derivatives, under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was readily recycled by the use of an external magnetic field and could be reused five times without significant loss of activity or mass.
- Farrokhi, Azita,Ghodrati, Keivan,Yavari, Issa
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- Synthesis, antimicrobial activities and binding mode analysis of some novel N-substituted imidazoles and nitroimidazoles
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Novel N-((2-(aryl)-imidazol-1-yl) methyl)-anilines 2a-n and 1-(3'-arylamino-2'- hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-4-nitroimidazoles 4a-g have been synthesized. The compounds have been characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. Among the synthesized compounds, compounds 2m, 2n and compounds 4c, 4e exhibited highest inhibitory activity against all the bacterial strains, comparable to the standard drug ciprofloxacin. Binding mode analysis of the highest active compounds was carried out in the active site of GlcN-6-P synthase (2VF5).
- Ganguly, Swastika,Mishra, Surbhi,Gupta, Ankita,Sankrityayan, Ira,Dev, Abhimanyu
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p. 373 - 380
(2019/01/21)
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- COMPOUNDS FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER
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The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for treating cancer comprising BRAF inhibitors, (e.g. vemurafenib) and/or MEK inhibitor, (e.g. trametinib, RO5068760), in combination with anti-tubulin compounds of the invention or other known tubulin inhibitors, and using such compositions for treating cancer such as melanoma, drug-resistant cancer, and cancer metastasis.
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Paragraph 00221; 00246
(2014/09/29)
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- An efficient and convenient synthesis of imidazolines and benzimidazoles via oxidation of carbon-nitrogen bond in water media
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The metal coordination complex K4[Fe(CN)6] is an efficient and environmentally benign catalyst for the synthesis of imidazolines and benzimidazoles from various aldehydes and 1,2-diamines in aqueous medium at room temperature. This protocol gives excellent yield of product with desired purity. Copyright
- Shaikh, Kabeer A.,Patil, Vishal A.,Shaikh, Parveen A.
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experimental part
p. 924 - 928
(2012/05/21)
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- Synthesis, antimycobacterial activities and Docking studies of some novel diaryl imidazoles targeted at mycobacterium tuberculosis P-45014DM
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A novel series of nine 2-(substituted phenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl-N- (substituted phenyl) alkanamides 3a-i were synthesized by reacting the corresponding w-chloroalkanamides 1 with 2-(substituted phenyl)-1H-imidazoles 2 in dimethylformamide. The compounds have been characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data. All the compounds were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activity. Among the synthesized compounds, N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-2-(2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl) propanamide 3e showed significant antimycobacterial activity when compared with the standard drug ethambutol. Docking studies with 14-a-demethylase (PDB ID IEA1) were also performed in order to investigate the binding pattern of these compounds.
- Ganguly, Swastika,Nagaraj,Sriram
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p. 323 - 330
(2013/09/24)
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- COMPOUNDS FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER
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The present invention relates to novel compounds having anti-cancer activity, methods of making these compounds, and their use for treating cancer and drug-resistant tumors, e.g. melanoma, metastatic melanoma, drug resistant melanoma, prostate cancer and drug resistant prostate cancer.
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Paragraph 0040; 00354
(2011/10/03)
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- Synthesis, antimicrobial and antimycobacterial evaluation of [2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones
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A series of [2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones (111) were synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activities. Further, a series of [2-(substituted phenyl)-benzimidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanones (1220) reported in our earlier study was also screened for their antimycobacterial activity. The antimycobacterial activity results indicated that [2-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-imidazol- 1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (8, minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]=3.13 g) was equipotent as standard drug ciprofloxacin and [2-(4-Nitro-phenyl)- benzimidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (16, MIC=1.56 g) was equipotent as standard drug ethambutol. The results of antimicrobial screening demonstrated that 2-[1-(Pyridine-3-carbonyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-benzoic acid (compound 11, MIC=0.002 g) was two times more effective than standard drug ciprofloxacin (MIC=0.004 g) against tested bacterial strains and [2-(2,5-Dimethyl-phenyl)- imidazol-1-yl]-pyridin-3-yl-methanone (compound 3, MIC=0.005 g) was equipotent to the reference compound, fluconazole against tested fungal strains.
- Narasimhan, Balasubramanian,Sharma, Deepika,Kumar, Pradeep,Yogeeswari, Perumal,Sriram, Dharmarajan
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experimental part
p. 720 - 727
(2012/04/04)
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- Discovery and initial SAR of pyrimidin-4-yl-1H-imidazole derivatives with antiproliferative activity against melanoma cell lines
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The synthesis of a novel series of pyrimidin-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl derivatives 7, 8, 9 and their antiproliferative activities against A375P human melanoma cell line and WM3629 cell line were described. Most compounds showed superior antiproliferative activities compared to Sorafenib, the well-known RAF inhibitor. Among them, 7a exhibited potent activities on both cell lines (IC50 = 0.62 and 4.49 μM, respectively) and turned out to be a selective and potent CRAF inhibitor.
- Lee, Junghun,Kim, Hwan,Yu, Hana,Chung, Jae Yoon,Oh, Chang-Hyun,Yoo, Kyung Ho,Sim, Taebo,Hah, Jung-Mi
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scheme or table
p. 1573 - 1577
(2010/06/20)
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- Discovery of novel 2-aryl-4-benzoyl-imidazoles targeting the colchicines binding site in tubulin as potential anticancer agents
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A series of 2-aryl-4-benzoyl-imidazoles (ABI) was synthesized as a result of structural modifications based on the previous set of 2-aryl-imidazole-4- carboxylic amide (AICA) derivatives and 4-substituted methoxylbenzoyl-aryl- thiazoles (SMART). The average IC50 of the most active compound (5da) was 15.7 nM. ABI analogues have substantially improved aqueous solubility (48.9 μg/mL for 5ga vs 0.909 μg/mL for SMART-1, 0.137 μg/mL for paclitaxel, and 1.04 μg/mL for combretastatin A4). Mechanism of action studies indicate that the anticancer activity of ABI analogues is through inhibition of tubulin polymerization by interacting with the colchicine binding site. Unlike paclitaxel and colchicine, the ABI compounds were equally potent against multidrug resistant cancer cells and the sensitive parental melanoma cancer cells. In vivo results indicated that 5cb was more effective than DTIC in inhibiting melanoma xenograph tumor growth. Our results suggest that the novel ABI compounds may be developed to effectively treat drug-resistant tumors.
- Chen, Jianjun,Wang, Zhao,Li, Chien-Ming,Lu, Yan,Vaddady, Pavan K.,Meibohm, Bernd,Dalton, James T.,Miller, Duane D.,Li, Wei
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experimental part
p. 7414 - 7427
(2011/02/23)
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- Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives
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In the present study, we have synthesized 2-(substituted phenyl)-1H-imidazole (1-12) and (substituted phenyl)-[2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-methanone (13-26) analogues and screened them for their antimicrobial activity against Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal species. The results of antibacterial study indicated that compounds 15, 17 and 24 showed appreciable antibacterial activity and compound 26 emerged as the most potential antifungal agent. The results of SAR studies indicated that the presence of electron withdrawing groups is necessary for the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds. The results of the present study indicated that compounds 15, 17 and 24 might be of interest for the identification of new antimicrobial molecules as their antibacterial activity is equivalent to the standard drug norfloxacin. Further, the antiviral screening of (substituted phenyl)-[2-(substituted phenyl)-imidazol-1-yl]-methanones (13-26) against a panel of viral strains indicated that compounds 16 and 19 can be selected as lead compounds for the development of novel antiviral agents.
- Sharma, Deepika,Narasimhan, Balasubramanian,Kumar, Pradeep,Judge, Vikramjeet,Narang, Rakesh,De Clercq, Erik,Balzarini, Jan
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experimental part
p. 2347 - 2353
(2009/12/03)
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- A simple and convenient one-pot method for the preparation of heteroaryl-2-imidazoles from nitriles
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A simple, convenient and high-yielding one-pot method for the synthesis of 2-heterocycle-substituted imidazoles from the corresponding nitriles has been developed. The procedure is easily scaleable and the workup does not involve chromatography. This synthesis is also applicable to the preparation of imidazoles with electron-poor aryl substituents.
- Voss, Matthew E.,Beer, Catherine M.,Mitchell, Scott A.,Blomgren, Peter A.,Zhichkin, Paul E.
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p. 645 - 651
(2008/04/12)
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- Mono-nitration of aromatic compounds via their nitric acid salts
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Aromatic compounds bearing a basic nitrogen atom can be converted to the corresponding nitric acid salts. Mono-nitration of the compounds can be carried out by adding a dichloromethane solution of the salts to sulfuric acid, or by adding acetyl chloride (or trifluoroacetic anhydride) to a dichloromethane solution of the salts. This protocol provides, among other benefits, the most convenient and reliable way for the prevention of over-/under-nitration and is especially suitable for scale-up.
- Zhang, Pingsheng,Cedilote, Miall,Cleary, Thomas P.,Pierce, Michael E.
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p. 8659 - 8664
(2008/03/30)
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- Mono-nitration of aromatic compounds via nitrate salts
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A method of nitrating a compound selected from the group consisting of is provided.
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Page/Page column 10
(2008/06/13)
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- An efficient synthesis of 2-arylimidazoles by oxidation of 2-arylimidazolines using activated carbon-O2 system and its application to palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction
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Oxidative conversion of 2-substituted imidazoline (dihydroimidazole) to the corresponding imidazole was achieved by an activated carbon-O2 system. Also, the 2-arylimidazolines and 2-arylimidazoles have been found to work as simple ligands in the palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction.
- Haneda, Satoshi,Okui, Ayaka,Ueba, Chigusa,Hayashi, Masahiko
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p. 2414 - 2417
(2007/10/03)
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- An efficient preparation of 2-imidazolines and imidazoles from aldehydes with molecular iodine and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene
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2-Imidazolines were easily prepared in quite good yields from the reaction of aldehydes and ethylenediamine with molecular iodine in the presence of potassium carbonate. Moreover, 2-imidazolines obtained were smoothly oxidized to the corresponding imidazoles in good yields using (diacetoxyiodo)benzene at room temperature. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Ishihara, Midori,Togo, Hideo
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p. 227 - 230
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted indolines which inhibit receptor tyrosine kinases
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Indolinones of the formula having an inhibitory effect on receptor tyrosine kinases and cyclin/CDK complexes, as well as on the proliferation of endothelial cells and various tumor cells. Exemplary are: (a) 3-Z-[1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-ethoxycarbonyl-2-indolinone, (b) 3-Z-[(1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-carbamoyl-2-indolinone, and (c) 3-Z-[1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl-methyl)-anilino)-1-phenyl-methylene]-6-metboxycarbonyl-2-indolinone.
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Page column 40
(2008/06/13)
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- 4-Aminothiazole derivatives, their preparation and their use as inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases
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This invention is directed to aminothiazole compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 is a substituted or unsubstituted group selected from : C1-6-alkyl; C1-6-alkenyl; C1-6-alkynyl; C1-6-alkoxyl; C1-6-alcohol; carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, cycloalkyl; carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, aryl; carbonyl; ether; (C1-6-alkyl)-carbonyl; (C1-6-alkyl)-aryl; (C1-6-alkyl)-cycloalkyl; (C1-6-alkyl)-(C1-6-alkoxyl); aryl-(C1-6-alkoxyl); thioether; thiol; and sulfonyl; wherein when R1 is substituted, each substituent independently is a halogen; haloalkyl; C1-6-alkyl; C1-6-alkenyl; C1-6-alkynyl; hydroxyl; C1-6-alkoxyl; amino; nitro; thiol, thioether; imine; cyano; amido; phosphonato; phosphine; carboxyl; thiocarbonyl; sulfonyl; sulfonamide; ketone; aldehyde; ester; oxygen; carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, cycloalkyl; or carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, aryl; and R2 is a carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, ring structure having a substituent at the position adjacent to the point of attachment, which ring structure is optionally further substituted, where each substituent of R2 independently is a halogen; haloalkyl; C1-6-alkyl; C1-6-alkenyl; C1-6-alkynyl; hydroxyl; C1-6-alkoxyl; amino; nitro; thiol; thioether; imine; cyano; amido; phosphonato; phosphine; carboxyl; thiocarbonyl; sulfonyl; sulfonamide; ketone; aldehyde; ester; oxygen; carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, cycloalkyl; or carbocyclic or heterocyclic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, aryl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of formula (I), or a prodrug or pharmaceutically active metabolite of a compound of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), such as CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6. The invention is also directed to the therapeutic or prophylactic use of pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and to methods of treating malignancies and other disorders by administering effective amounts of such compounds.
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Example C(53)
(2010/11/29)
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- The Reaction of Some N-(Nitrophenyl)azoles with Alkali: Preparation of the Corresponding Azoxybenzenes. X-Ray Structure of 2,2'-Bis(1'',2'',4''-triazol-1''-yl)azoxybenzene
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The reactions of some representative N-(nitrophenyl)azoles with boiling aqueous ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution gave the corresponding bis(azolyl)azoxybenzenes.It is deduced that, in these reactions, the N-attached azolyl groups concerned are acting as weak electron-withdrawing groups.The structure of 2,2'-bis(1'',2'',4''-triazol-1''-yl)azoxybenzene was determined in the solid state by X-ray crystallography.The monoclinic crystals belong to the space group P21/c with a 8.815(1), b 7.863(1), c 11.836(1) Angstroem, β 109.96(1) deg and Z 2.The structure was refined to an R index of 0.041 for 1172 observed terms.The midpoint of the exocyclic N=N bond lies on an inversion centre so that the azoxy oxygen is statistically distributed between two sites.The benzene ring atoms are coplanar to within experimental error, as are the triazole ring atoms, and the dihedral angle between the perpendiculars to the two rings is 35.3(3) deg.
- Mackay, Maureen F.,Trantino, Giuseppe J.,Wilshire, John F. K.
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p. 417 - 425
(2007/10/02)
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- THE NITRATION OF SOME PHENYL-SUBSTITUTED N-HETEROCYCLES
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The nitration of 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole using nitric acid and sulfuric acid at 0 deg C gives the p-nitrophenyl isomer as the only isolated mono nitro-product and 3-methyl-4-nitro-1-p-nitrophenylpyrazole as the dinitro-product. 3-Methyl-4-phenylpyrazole gives 3-methyl-4-p-nitrophenylpyrazole with the second nitration also occurring in the phenyl ring to give 3-methyl-4-(2',4'-dinitrophenyl)pyrazole. 2-Phenylimidazole nitrates under these conditions to give first 2-p-nitrophenylimidazole and then 4-nitro-2-p-nitrophenylimidazole whilst 4-phenylimidazole gives 4-nitro-5-p-nitrophenylimidazole readily even when the amount of nitric acid is limited to one equivalent and only traces of a mono nitro-product are found. 2-Phenylimidazoline gives solely the m-nitrophenyl isomer under the same conditions.The mixed acid nitration at 0 deg C of 4-phenylmorpholine gives 4-m-nitrophenyl- and 4-p-nitrophenylmorpholine in the ratio of about 5:1.
- Hurst, Derek T.
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p. 371 - 376
(2007/10/02)
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- 2,5-DIAZACYCLOPENTADIENYLIDENE: A STANDARD CARBENE OR A HIGHLY REACTIVE DIRADICAL?
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2,5-Diazacyclopentadienylidene (2H-imidazolidene), generated either by photolysis or thermolysis from 2-diazo-2H-imidazole, reacts with benzene derivatives to give mainly a mixture of o-, m-, p-substitued 2-phenylimidazoles.The carbene shows a strong diradical character, in sharp contrast with the well-known behavior of cyclopentadienylidene.
- Bru, Nuria,Vilarrasa, Jaume
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p. 1489 - 1492
(2007/10/02)
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