- Preparation method for hemihydrate lorcaserin hydrochloride
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The invention discloses a preparation method for hemihydrate lorcaserin hydrochloride. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) making a compound shown as a formula III react with ammonia to obtain a compound shown as a formula II; (2) under the protection of nitrogen gas, dissolving the compound shown as the formula II in an organic solvent, adding a hydrogen chloride solution of which the solvent is the organic solvent to salify, and adding water and cyclohexane to form a hemihydrate in order to obtain the compound shown as a formula I, wherein the organic solvent is isopropanol or 1,4-dioxane. In the preparation method disclosed by the invention, ammonium hydroxide substitutes for potassium carbonate in the prior art, so that unqualified ignition residues of a finial product caused by potassium chloride generated after salt removal can be avoided; an isopropoxide hydrochloride solution substitutes for the conventional hydrogen chloride gas, so that other impurities can be prevented from being introduced in a preparation process under the improper control of dosage and rate of the gas.
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Paragraph 0113; 0114
(2017/08/28)
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- Scalable anti-Markovnikov hydrobromination of aliphatic and aromatic olefins
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To improve access to a key synthetic intermediate we targeted a direct hydrobromination-Negishi route. Unsurprisingly, the anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr to estragole in the presence of AIBN proved successful. However, even in the absence of an added initiator, anti-Markovnikov addition was observed. Re-examination of early reports revealed that selective Markovnikov addition, often simply termed "normal" addition, is not always observed with HBr unless air is excluded, leading to the rediscovery of a reproducible and scalable initiator-free protocol.
- Galli, Marzia,Fletcher, Catherine J.,Del Pozo, Marc,Goldup, Stephen M.
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supporting information
p. 5622 - 5626
(2016/07/06)
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- Construction of chiral 2-substituted octahydroindoles from cyclic ketones and nitroolefins bearing only one α-substituent
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A dual catalytic system has been developed following the screening of a series of chiral primary amine catalysts and chiral phosphoric acid catalysts for the Michael addition of cyclic ketones to nitroolefins bearing only one α-substituent. The resulting γ-nitro ketones, which contain a substituent on the carbon connected to the nitro group, were formed in excellent yields (>80%) with high levels of stereoselectivity (up to 94:6 dr and 98% ee) when the reaction was performed in benzene at 0 °C with 10 mol% of the optimal amine/phosphoric acid combination (1:1) as a catalyst. Subsequent reduction of the nitro group followed by intramolecular reductive amination could afford optically active cis-octahydroindole analogues bearing a non-functional substituent at their 2-position.
- Han, Yong,Zheng, Bo,Peng, Yungui
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supporting information
p. 1136 - 1142
(2015/04/22)
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- A novel method to access chiral nonnatural 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolidines from aldehydes and nitroolefins only with an α-substituent
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A series of α-substituted nitroolefins were employed in organocatalytic asymmetric Michael reactions with aldehydes. γ-Nitro carbonyl products were achieved in good yields (up to 86%) with good stereoselectivities (up to 96% ee and 24 : 1 dr). Reduction of the nitro group followed by intramolecular reductive amination successfully afforded various novel optically active 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolidine compounds.
- Zheng, Bo,Wang, Hui,Han, Yong,Liu, Changlu,Peng, Yungui
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supporting information
p. 4561 - 4563
(2013/06/04)
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- BICYCLIC PYRIMIDIN-4-(3H)-ONES AND ANALOGUES AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF WHICH MODULATE THE FUNCTION OF THE VANILLOID-1 RECEPTOR (VR1)
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Compounds of formula (I); which are useful as therapeutic compounds, particularly in the treatment of pain and other conditions ameliorated by the modulation of the function of the vanilloid-1 receptor (VR1).
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Page/Page column 48-49
(2010/02/12)
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- NEW 2-SUBSTITUTED, 4-AMINO-THIAZOLO[4,5-D] PYRIMIDINES, USEFUL AS CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS, ESP. CX3CR1
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There are disclosed novel compounds of formula (I) wherein A, R1, R2, R3 and X are as defined in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, together with processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use in therapy. The compounds of formula (I) are CX3CR1 receptor antagonists and are thereby particularly useful in the treatment or prophylaxis of neurodegenerative disorders, demyelinating disease, atherosclerosis and pain.
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Page/Page column 52
(2010/02/11)
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- DIARYL ETHERS AS OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
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A compound of the formula (I) wherein the variables X1 to X10, R1 to R7 including R3', E, v, y, z, A and B are as described, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, enantiomer, racemate, diastereomer or mixtures thereof, useful for the treatment, prevention or amelioration of obesity and Related Diseases is disclosed.
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Page/Page column 67-68
(2008/06/13)
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- PYRROLOPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS MODULATORS OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE
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A compound which is a pyrrolopyrimidine of formula (I) wherein: R1 is selected from R9 and halogen; R2 is NR6R7; R3 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted and -(CH2) nAr; R4 is selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl and -(CH2)? Ar; or R3 and R4 form, together with the N and C atoms to which they are attached, a fused five-, six-, seven- or eight-membered N-containing saturated ring which is unsubstituted or substituted; R5 is selected from CN, C02R9,C(O)NR10R11, -(CH2)nOH, -(CH2)nR10Rn, -C=CH, -C(S)NR10R11, -C(NH2)=NOR9, -C(R9)=NOR9, -C(NH2)NH, -C(O)R9 and an unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group which contains 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and which is unsubstituted or substituted; R6 and R7, which are the same or different, are selected from C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, -(CH2)nX and -(CH2)nAr; or R6 and R7 form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated five-, six-, seven- or eight-membered heterocyclic group which contains one nitrogen atom and 0 or from 1 to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from N, O and S, which is unsubstituted or substituted and which optionally contains one or two bridgehead atoms; R10and R11,which are the same or different, are selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted, -(CH2)nC3-C10 cycloalkyl and -(CH2)nAr; or R10 and R11 form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated five or six membered heterocyclic group which contains a nitrogen atom and 0 or from to 3 additional heteroatoms selected from O, S and N, which is unsubstituted or substituted and which is optionally fused to a benzene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted; n is the same or different when more than one is present within a given substituent group and is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6; X is selected from -CN, -C02R9 and -NR10R11; R9 is the same or different when more than one is present within a given substituent group and is selected from -H, -QAr, -(CH2) nAr, C1-C6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted and -(CH2) nC3-C10cycloalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is optionally fused to a benzene ring which is unsubstituted or substituted; Q is C2-C6 alkenylene or alkynylene; and Ar is an unsaturated C6-C10 membered carbocyclic group or an unsaturated 5-11 membered heterocyclic group, which groups are unsubstituted or substituted; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. These compounds have activity as inhibitors of MRP (multidrug resistant protein) and may thus be used to modulate multidrug resistance, for instance in potentiating the cytotoxicity of a chemotherapeutic agent.
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- Bradykin B1receptor antagonists
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Bradykinin B1-receptor antagonists of formula are disclosed. The compounds are useful for treating diseases associated with inappropriate bradykinin receptor activity, such as diabetic vasculopathy, inflammation, pain, hyperalgesia, asthma, rhinitis, septic shock, atherosclerosis and multiple sclerosis. Pyrimidines, triazines, and anilines in which Q is imidazolyl or pyrrolyl are particularly preferred.
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- Indoles
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A 1,4-substituted cyclic amine derivative represented by the following formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof: wherein A, B, C, D, T, Y, and Z each represent a methine or a nitrogen linkage; R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 each represent a substituent; n represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 3; m represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 6; and p represents an integer of 1 to 3. The compounds have serotonin antagonism. They are therefore clinically useful as medicaments, in particular, for treating, ameliorating, and preventing spastic paralysis. They are also useful as central muscle relaxants for ameliorating myotonia.
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- Stereochemical control in microbial reduction. Part 31: Reduction of alkyl 2-oxo-4-arylbutyrates by baker's yeast under selected reaction conditions
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Treatment of baker's yeast with phenacyl chloride in an aqueous-organic solvent has been proven to be an effective method of inhibiting the enzymes that afford (S)-enantiomers of α-hydroxy esters in the reduction of α-keto esters. The procedure is effective for the whole-cell system to produce the (R)-product with high chemical yield and high enantiomeric excess.
- Dao, Duc Hai,Okamura, Mutsuo,Akasaka, Takeshi,Kawai, Yasushi,Hida, Kouichi,Ohno, Atsuyoshi
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p. 2725 - 2737
(2007/10/03)
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- Structure-activity relationships for the binding of arylpiperazines and arylbiguanides at 5-HT3 serotonin receptors
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Arylpiperazines are nonselective agents that bind at 5-HT3 serotonin receptors with moderate to high affinity, whereas 1-phenylbiguanide is a low- affinity but more selective 5-HT3 agonist. In an attempt to enhance the affinity of th
- Dukat, Malgorzata,Abdel-Rahman, Ashraf A.,Ismaiel, Abd M.,Ingher, Stacy,Teitler, Milt,Gyermek, Laszlo,Glennon, Richard A.
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p. 4017 - 4026
(2007/10/03)
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