- Chemical Genetics Reveals a Role of Squalene Synthase in TGFβ Signaling and Cardiomyogenesis
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KY02111 is a widely used small molecule that boosts cardiomyogenesis of the mesoderm cells derived from pluripotent stem cells, yet its molecular mechanism of action remains elusive. The present study resolves the initially perplexing effects of KY02111 on Wnt signaling and subsequently identifies squalene synthase (SQS) as a molecular target of KY02111 and its optimized version, KY-I. By disrupting the interaction of SQS with cardiac ER-membrane protein TMEM43, KY02111 impairs TGFβ signaling, but not Wnt signaling, and thereby recapitulates the clinical mutation of TMEM43 that causes arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), an inherited heart disease that involves a substitution of myocardium with fatty tissue. These findings reveal a heretofore undescribed role of SQS in TGFβ signaling and cardiomyogenesis. KY02111 may find its use in ARVC modeling as well as serve as a chemical tool for studying TGFβ/SMAD signaling.
- Takemoto, Yasushi,Kadota, Shin,Minami, Itsunari,Otsuka, Shinya,Okuda, Satoshi,Abo, Masahiro,Punzalan, Louvy Lynn,Shen, Yan,Shiba, Yuji,Uesugi, Motonari
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supporting information
p. 21824 - 21831
(2021/08/30)
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- Synergism of fused bicyclic 2-aminothiazolyl compounds with polymyxin B against: Klebsiella pneumoniae
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A series of fused bicyclic 2-aminothiazolyl compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their synergistic effects with polymyxin B (PB) against Klebsiella pneumoniae (SIPI-KPN-1712). Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited synergistic activity. When 4 μg ml-1 compound B1 was combined with PB, it showed potent antibacterial activity, achieving 64-fold reduction of the MIC of PB. Furthermore, compound B1 showed prominent synergistic efficacy in both concentration gradient and time-kill curves in vitro. In addition, B1 combined with PB also exhibited synergistic and partial synergistic effect against E. coli (ATCC25922 and its clinical isolates), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC19606 and its clinical isolates), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pae-1399).
- Wang, Rong,Hou, Shuang,Dong, Xiaojing,Chen, Daijie,Shao, Lei,Qian, Liujia,Li, Zhong,Xu, Xiaoyong
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supporting information
p. 2060 - 2066
(2017/11/22)
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- COMPOSITION FOR PROMOTING CARDIAC DIFFERENTIATION OF PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL COMPRISING EGFR INHIBITOR
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The present invention provides a composition for promoting cardiac differentiation of a pluripotent stem cell containing an EGFR inhibitor. The present invention also provides a kit for promoting cardiac differentiation containing an EGFR inhibitor and a method for inducing cardiac differentiation of a pluripotent stem cell comprising culturing the pluripotent stem cell in a medium containing an EGFR inhibitor.
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Paragraph 0141-0142
(2016/03/05)
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- Continuous-flow processing of gaseous ammonia using a Teflon AF-2400 tube-in-tube reactor: Synthesis of thioureas and in-line titrations
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A simple tube-in-tube reactor based on the gas-permeable membrane Teflon AF-2400 was used in the continuous flow reaction of gaseous ammonia with isothiocyanates and one isocyanate. A colourimetric in-line titration technique is also reported as a simple method to quantify the amount of ammonia taken up by the solvent in the system. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
- Browne, Duncanl.,O'Brien, Matthew,Koos, Peter,Cranwell, Philippa B.,Polyzos, Anastasios,Ley, Steven V.
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scheme or table
p. 1402 - 1406
(2012/07/27)
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- Riluzole series. synthesis and in vivo 'antiglutamate' activity of 6- substituted-2-benzothiazolamines and 3-substituted-2-imino-benzothiazolines
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Two series of analogues of riluzole, a blocker of excitatory amino acid mediated neurotransmission, have been synthesized: monosubstituted 2- benzothiazolamines and 3-substituted derivatives. Of all the compounds prepared in the first series, only 2-benzothiazolamines bearing alkyl, polyfluoroalkyl, or polyfluoroalkoxy substituents in the 6-position showed potent anticonvulsant activity against administration of glutamic acid in rats. The most active compounds displaying in vivo 'antiglutamate' activity were the 6-OCF3 (riluzole), 6-OCF2CF3, 6-CF3, and 6-CF2CF3 substituted derivatives with ED50 values between 2.5 and 3.2 mg/kg i.p. Among the second series of variously substituted benzothiazolines, compounds as active as riluzole or up to 3 times more potent were identified in two series: benzothiazolines bearing a β-dialkylaminoethyl moiety and compounds with an alkylthioalkyl chain and their corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones. The most potent derivatives were 2-imino-3-(2-methylthio)- and 2-imino-3-(2- methylsulfinyl)-ethyl-6-trifluoromethoxybenzothiazolines (61 and 64, ED50 = 1.0 and 1.1 mg/kg i.p., respectively). In addition, intraperitoneal administration of some of the best benzothiazolines protected mice from mortality produced by hypobaric hypoxia.
- Jimonet, Patrick,Audiau, Fran?ois,Barreau, Michel,Blanchard, Jean-Charles,Boireau, Alain,Bour, Yvette,Coléno, Marie-Annick,Doble, Adam,Doerflinger, Gilles,Do Huu, Claudine,Donat, Marie-Hélène,Duchesne, Jean Marie,Ganil, Pierre,Guérémy, Claude,Honoré, Eliane,Just, Bernard,Kerphirique, Roselyne,Gontier, Sylvie,Hubert, Philippe,Laduron, Pierre M.,Blevec, Joseph Le,Meunier, Mireille,Miquet, Jean-Marie,Nemecek, Conception,Pasquet, Martine,Piot, Odile,Pratt, Jeremy,Rataud, Jean,Reibaud, Michel,Stutzmann, Jean-Marie,Mignani, Serge
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p. 2828 - 2843
(2007/10/03)
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