- Structure-activity relationship studies of (E)-3,4-dihydroxystyryl alkyl sulfones as novel neuroprotective agents based on improved antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and BBB permeability
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(E)-3,4-dihydroxystyryl alkyl sulfones, as new analogues of neurodegenerative agents, were designed and synthesized. The biological results demonstrated that most of the target compounds preserved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency in scavenging reactive free radicals, protecting neuronal cells against neurotoxins such as H2O2, 6-hydroxydopamine and inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced over-production of NO. Among these compounds, 6.22 with cyclopentyl propyl exhibited prominent antioxidant activity at low concentration (2.5 μM) in H2O2 model (cell viability = 94.5%). In addition, 6.22 (IC50 = 1.6 μM) displayed better anti-inflammatory activity than that of lead compound 1 (IC50 = 13.4 μM). In view of the outstanding performance of 6.22, the apoptotic rates of H2O2-damaged PC12 cells were detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. 6.22 showed higher potency in inhibition of apoptosis than 1 at low concentration (2.5 μM), consisting with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory models. Furthermore, with the predicted CNS (+) blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (Pe = 6.84 × 10?6 cm s?1), low cytotoxicity and favorable physiochemical properties based on calculation, compound 6.22 can be further developed as a potential multifunctional neuroprotective agent.
- Chen, Ying,Wu, Bolin,Hao, Yameng,Liu, Yunqi,Zhang, Zhili,Tian, Chao,Ning, Xianling,Guo, Ying,Liu, Junyi,Wang, Xiaowei
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p. 420 - 433
(2019/03/29)
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- SUBSTITUTED ARYLCYCLOPROPYLACETAMIDES AS GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS
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According to the present invention there is provided a compounds of formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
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- Synthesis and antiallergy activity of [1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-9(3H)-one derivatives. II. 6-Alkyl- and 6-cycloalkylalkyl derivatives
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A series of 6-alkyl- or 6-(cycloalkylalkyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyr imidin-9(3H)-ones 1b-o was synthesized from the corresponding 1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-amines 3b-o and the antiallergic activities of the products were evaluated. Among the compounds 6-(2-cyclohexylethyl)-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]p yrimidin-9(3H)-one 1h, whose X-ray crystallographic stereostructure is shown, was found to be a promising new antiallergic agent, which has low toxicity and dual activity as a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist and as an orally active mast cell stabilizer.
- Yokohama,Miwa,Aibara,Fujiwara,Matsumoto,Nakayama,Iwamoto,Mori,Moroi,Tsukada,Isoda
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p. 2391 - 2398
(2007/10/02)
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- Nucleosides and nucleotides. 107. 2-(cycloalkylalkynyl)adenosines: Adenosine A2 receptor agonists with potent antihypertensive effects
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Adenosine receptor-binding profiles in rat brain tissues and antihypertensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of a series of 2-(cycloalkylalkynyl)adenosine (2-CAAs) and their congeners are described. The structure-activity relationship of this series of compounds is discussed, focusing on the length of the alkynyl side chain and bulkiness of the terminal cycloalkyl substituents in terms of binding activity and cardiovascular effects. All the 2-CAAs had a preferential affinity for A2 receptors. Of these derivatives, 2-(3-cyclopentyl-1-propyn-1-yl)adenosine (10b) exhibited the most selective affinity for A2 receptors (K(i) ratio: A1/A2 = 70) on the basis of receptor binding. In the C-2 binding region of adenosine, compounds often have potent and/or selective A2 activity from introduction of an acetylenic group at the C-2 position followed by one methylene residue further followed by a hydrophobic substituent such as a cycloalkyl ring at the terminal position of the alkynyl side chain. Intravenous injection of 10b up to 100 μg/kg had a potent hypotensive effect without a marked decrease in heart rate in anesthetized SHR. Compounds 10j-s, with a hydroxyl group in the C-3 position of the alkynyl side chain, had a potent affinity for both A1 and A2 receptors, but they were not highly selective for A2 receptors. These compounds caused a marked bradycardia upon intravenous administration in anesthetized SHR. Oral administration of 10b (0.1-1 mg/kg) had a potent and long-lasting antihypertensive effect in conscious SHR.
- Abiru,Miyashita,Watanabe,Yamaguchi,Machida,Matsuda
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p. 2253 - 2260
(2007/10/02)
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