- Solubility and Dissolution Thermodynamics of 1,1-Bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane (MeBZ) in Different Pure Organic Solvents in the Temperature Range from 299.15 to 328.15 K
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Abstract: The solubility of 1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane (MeBZ) in different pure organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, ethylacetate, and tetrahydrofuran over a temperature range from 299.15 to 328.15 K at atmospheric pressure were measured by gravimetric method. The solubility increased significantly with increase in temperature in all studied solvents. Among the studied solvents, tetrahydrofuran showed the highest solubility at 328.15 K. The experimental solubilities were corelated with the modified Apelbalt equation and Buchowski–Ksiazczak (λh) equation.The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpies of solution (ΔH°sol), Gibbs energy of dissolution (ΔG°sol), isobaric heat capacity(ΔC°p sol), and entropy of solutions (ΔS°sol) were calculated using Clark and Glew equation.
- Rizwan Ghumara,Modi, Haresh,Prajapati, Akshay,Patel, Chirag,Parsania
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- BISPHENOL COMPOSITION CONTAINING AROMATIC ALCOHOL SULFONATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, POLYCARBONATE RESIN AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND BISPHENOL PRODUCTION METHOD
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A bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, and a simple method of producing it are provided. Also provided is a method of producing a polycarbonate resin in which, by using the bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, melt polymerization reaction can be efficiently allowed to proceed to produce a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone. A bisphenol composition including an aromatic alcohol sulfonate at not less than 0.1 ppb by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A method of producing a bisphenol composition, including reacting a ketone or an aldehyde with an aromatic alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid to produce a bisphenol composition. A method of producing a polycarbonate resin, including producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol composition. A polycarbonate resin including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate.
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Paragraph 0284
(2020/07/07)
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- Study of Novel Symmetrical Liquid Crystalline Ester Dimers
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A novel homologous series of 12 symmetrical dimers, viz. 1,1'-Bis[4-(4'-n-alkoxy benzoyloxy)-3-methyl phenyl] cyclohexanes is reported. Nematogenic mesophase commences from the heptyloxy homologue dimer and continues up to the hexadecyloxy dimer in an enantiotropic manner without the exhibition of any smectogenic behavior. The rest of the dimers from methoxy to hexyloxy are nonmesogenic. The textures of the nematic phase are threaded or Schlieren. The transition temperatures and textures of the nematic phase were determined by an optical polarizing microscope equipped with a heating stage. Curves (solid-isotropic/nematic and N-I) of a phase diagram showing mesomorphism behave in normal manner except for a minor deviation at the dodecyloxy derivative. The analytical and spectral data confirm the molecular structure of dimers. The nematogenic mesophase lengths vary between 3.3°C and 26.6°C. The average thermal stability for nematic is 108.26°C; series is partly nematogenic with middle ordered melting type and low degree of mesomorphism. Liquid crystal properties of novel dimer series are compared with the structurally similar other known series.
- Kotadiya,Bhoya
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- An improved, highly efficient method for the synthesis of bisphenols
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An efficient synthesis of bisphenols is described by condensation of substituted phenols with corresponding cyclic ketones in presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and 3-mercaptopropionic acid as a catalyst in extremely high purity and yields. Copyright E-Journal of Chemistry 2004-2011.
- Patil,Suryawanshi,Pawar,Shinde
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experimental part
p. 2016 - 2019
(2012/06/04)
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- Synthesis, spectral study and antimicrobial screening of poly(4,4'-cyclohexylidene-R,R'-diphenylene diphosphate)
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Polyphosphate of l.l-bisfR.RM-hydroxyphenyOcyclohexane (R,R"=H 1CH3and Cl) are synthesized by refluxing bisphenol-c derivative with phosphorous oxytrichloride in pyridiene at 95°C for 4hr and then at 240°C for 6hr. Polyphosphate have been ascertained by IR and NMR spectral data. Polyphosphate are also Characterized by their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The activity is interpreted in light of Wsphenol Structure and the nature of substituent(s).
- Bhadja,Parsania
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experimental part
p. 1133 - 1139
(2012/04/10)
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- Synthesis and spectral study of R,R′,4,4′-cyclohexylidene diphenyloxy acetic acids with antimicrobial activity
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Synthesis of R,R′,4,4′-cyclohexylidene diphenyloxy acetic acids (R,R′=H,CH3and Cl) by dissolving 0.1 mole bisphenols in 0.4 mole sodim hydroxide with drop wise addition of 0.2 mole chloroacetic acid. The reaction mixture refluxed for 4h at 60°C. Phenoxy acids have been confirmed by IR and NMR spectral characterization. The acids are also characterized by their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The activities have been interpreted in light of bisphenol structures and the nature of substituent(s). The wide scale uses of bisphenol bioactive agents have brought many advantages to the agricultural industries.
- Bhadja,Parsania
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experimental part
p. 1699 - 1704
(2012/06/15)
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- Process for preparing bisphenols
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A process for preparing aromatic bisphenols, wherein the method comprises reacting an aromatic hydroxy compound with an alkylating agent having a functionality of two in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system used for the process is selected from the group consisting of a heteropolyacid compound, a clay, a functionalized metal oxide catalyst and combinations of the foregoing.
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Page/Page column 7
(2008/06/13)
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- Diphenylmethane skeleton as a multi-template for nuclear receptor ligands: Preparation of FXR and PPAR ligands
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Novel, potent farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonists were obtained by using a diphenylmethane skeleton as a substitute for a steroid skeleton.
- Kainuma, Masahiko,Kasuga, Jun-ichi,Hosoda, Shinnosuke,Wakabayashi, Ken-ichi,Tanatani, Aya,Nagasawa, Kazuo,Miyachi, Hiroyuki,Makishima, Makoto,Hashimoto, Yuichi
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p. 3213 - 3218
(2007/10/03)
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- Method for producing high purity 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexanes
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A method for producing a high purity 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane represented by the general formula (II), 1 wherein R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl group, comprising the steps of: reacting cyclohexanone and a phenol represented by the general formula (I) in the presence of an acid catalyst; 2 wherein R is the same as defined above, neutralizing the resultant reaction mixture with an alkali; primarily crystallizing and filtering a 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane produced to obtain a primary crystallization filtrate; dissolving 100 parts by weight of the primary crystallization filtrate in a mixed solvent, which comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of water and 100 to 200 parts by weight of a lower aliphatic ketone solvent, or 200 to 400 parts by weight of a lower aliphatic alcohol solvent; filtering the resulting solution through a zeta potential filter; and secondarily crystallizing and filtering the 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane from the resulting filtrate in the presence of water.
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- METHODS FOR PREPARING CYCLOALKYLIDENE BISPHENOLS
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A process for forming a cycloalkylidene bisphenol comprises: reacting a cycloalkanone compound of formula: where [A] is a substituted or an unsubstituted aromatic group, R1-R4 independently represent a hydrogen or a C1-C12 hydrocarbyl group; and “a” and “b” are integers independently having values from 0-3; with an aromatic hydroxy compound of formula [A]-OH, where [A] is as previously described; at a mole ratio of greater than or equal to about 20, in the presence of a sulfonic acid type ion exchange resin catalyst crosslinked with greater than or equal to about 8 weight percent of divinylbenzene, and a promoter selected from the group consisting of a mercaptan compound and a resorcinol compound; to form a cycloalkylidene bisphenol of formula: where [A], R1-R4, “a” and “b” are as previously described. Moreover, any acid catalyst can be used with a resorcinol promoter.
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Page/Page column 6
(2008/06/13)
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- METHOD FOR PURIFYING 1,1-BIS(4'-HYDROXY-3'-METHYLPHENYL)CYCLOHEXANE AND METHODS OF PRODUCING POLYCARBONATES THEREFROM
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A method for purifying 1,1-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-methylphenyl)cyclohexane comprises dissolving said 1,1-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-methylphenyl)cyclohexane in a first solvent consisting essentially of an alcohol to form a first solution; filtering said first solution; adding a second solvent consisting essentially of water to the filtered first solution to form a second solution, wherein said second solution comprises about 40 parts to about 95 parts of the first solvent per 100 parts of the combined weight of the first and second solvents; crystallizing said 1,1-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-methylphenyl)cyclohexane from said second solution to form a first crystalline product; dissolving said first crystalline product in a third solvent to form a third solution, wherein the third solvent comprises an aromatic compound; and crystallizing said 1,1-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-methylphenyl)cyclohexane from said third solution to produce a second crystalline product.
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- Vitamin D3 mimics
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The present invention relates to non-secosteroidal compounds which activate and modulate the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Because compounds of the present invention display many of the beneficial properties of 1,25(OH)2D3, but with reduced calcium mobilization effects, they may be used advantageously to treat and prevent conditions that show vitamin D sensitivity. Such disease states typically show abnormal calcium regulatory, abnormal immune responsive, hyperproliferative, and/or neurodegenerative characteristics.
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- Processes for bisphenols
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A process for the preparation of gem-bis(hydroxyaryl)alkanes which comprises the reaction of a ketone, a hydroxyarene and an alkylhalosilane.
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- A Convenient Method for the Preparation of Bisphenols
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Synthesis of two bisphenols having a "cardo' group was carried out from phenol and o-cresol using cyclohexanone and a mixture of hydrochloric acid and acetic acid in the ratio 2:1 (v/v) at different temperatures to optimise the condition.The products have been characterised bu ir, 1H nmr and 13C nmr spectra.
- Rao, M. Venkateswara,Rojivadiya, A. J.,Parsania, P. H.,Parekh, H. H.
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p. 758 - 759
(2007/10/02)
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