- Dichloroacetophenone Derivatives: A Class of Bioconjugation Reagents for Disulfide Bridging
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A mild and biocompatible method for the construction of disulfide bridging in peptides using dichloroacetophenone derivatives is developed. This method is highly selective (chemo, diastereo, regio, etc.) and atom economic and works under biocompatible reaction conditions (metal-free, water, pH 7, rt, etc.).
- Wu, Liu-Hai,Zhou, Shuguang,Luo, Qun-Feng,Tian, Jie-Sheng,Loh, Teck-Peng
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supporting information
p. 8193 - 8197
(2020/11/18)
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- Method for preparing alpha,alpha-dihalogenated acetophenone compound
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The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis and in particular relates to a method for preparing an alpha,alpha-dihalogenated acetophenone compound. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: in an alcohol solvent, enabling nitroalkenes, electrophilic halogen reagents and sodium hydride to react at 55-65 DEG C under a heating condition for5-10 hours, cooling the components to the room temperature, adding a diluted acid solution, and performing continue stirring for 2-5 hours, so as to obtain a target compound, namely alpha,alpha-dihalogenated acetophenone. The method for preparing the alpha,alpha-dihalogenated acetophenone compound, which is provided by the invention, is simple and efficient, mild in condition, easy in raw materialobtaining, green and environment-friendly and simple and convenient to operate, and as a synthesis intermediate, the obtained alpha,alpha-dihalogenated acetophenone compound has the potential of being widely used in fields such as medicine chemical engineering.
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Paragraph 0069-0074
(2020/02/04)
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- Dichloroacetophenones targeting at pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 with improved selectivity and antiproliferative activity: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships
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Dichloroacetophenone is a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) inhibitor with suboptimal kinase selectivity. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel dichloroacetophenones. Structure-activity relationship analyses (SARs) enabled us to identify three potent compounds, namely 54, 55, and 64, which inhibited PDK1 function, activated pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and reduced the proliferation of NCI-H1975 cells. Mitochondrial bioenergetics assay suggested that 54, 55, and 64 enhanced the oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells, which might contribute to the observed anti-proliferation effects. Collectively, these results suggested that 54, 55, and 64 could be promising compounds for the development of potent PDK1 inhibitors.
- Zhang, Shao-Lin,Yang, Zheng,Hu, Xiaohui,Tam, Kin Yip
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supporting information
p. 3441 - 3445
(2018/09/29)
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- One-pot dichlorinative deamidation of primary β-ketoamides
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An approach to the dichlorinative deamidation of primary β-ketoamides through ketonic cleavage is described, and a series of α,α-dichloroketones were furnished mostly in the presence of TEMPO. Based on control experiments, a mechanism involving tandem dichlorination and deamidation is proposed to interpret the observed reactivity.
- Zheng, Congke,Zhang, Xiaohui,Ijaz Hussain, Muhammad,Huang, Mingming,Liu, Qing,Xiong, Yan,Zhu, Xiangming
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p. 574 - 577
(2017/01/16)
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- Method for removal of methanamide by dichlorination
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A method for removal of methanamide by dichlorination is disclosed, according to the method, a finished product is obtained by removal of methanamide by dichlorination by one-step-reaction of various beta-carbonyl amide derivatives as raw materials, 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidinooxy (TEMPO) and an alkali as additives and N-chlorosuccinimide as a reagent in a reaction solvent, and then concentration and purification. According to the method, synthesis of an alpha-dichloroacetophenone derivative can be realized for the first time by a method of removal of methanamide by fracturation of carbon-carbon single bond. The method is novel and unique, has certain universality, is mild in reaction conditions, low in requirement of production equipment, and simple in technology, has the advantages of high efficiency, simple operation, high safety, economy and environmentally-friendliness; high-quality diverse alpha-dichloroacetophenone derivative products can be prepared by the method, and the products prepared by the method are important drug synthesis intermediates and material intermediates, can be widely used in the synthesis of heterocycles, unsaturated acids, acetylene alcohols and other compounds and cyclopropanation, and have wide market prospects.
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Paragraph 0020-0049; 0065-0069
(2017/10/12)
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- Chemoselective Reduction of Trichloromethyl Compounds to gem-Dichloromethyl Groups Following Appel's Reaction Protocol
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A simple and easy reduction of trichloroacetyl compounds following the modification of Appel's reaction protocol, using triphenylphosphine and methanol, afforded the corresponding dichloroacetyl compounds, with the exception of trichloroacetylmorpholine,
- Romero-Reyes, Moises A.,Zaragoza-Galicia, Ivann,Olivo, Horacio F.,Romero-Ortega, Moises
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p. 9515 - 9519
(2016/10/14)
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- A novel β-(oxy)alkyl radical during copper(I)-mediated stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-ene-1,4-diones in a reaction of 2,2,2-trichloro-1-phenylethanone
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A novel β-(oxy)alkyl radical derived from trichloro methyl compound containing neither a suitably located C-C multiple bond nor a leaving group or a H-atom at the β-position of the radical in a reaction of 2,2,2-trichloro-1-phenyl-ethanone with 2 mol equiv each of CuCl and bpy in refluxing DCE under a N2 atm underwent intramolecular heterolysis (just like formation of intact radical cation-anion pair) during stereoselective radical dimerization to Z-ene-1,4-dione along with small amount of reductive dechlorination product. The stereochemistry was established by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy of various solid crystalline products.
- Ram, Ram N.,Tittal, Ram K.
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p. 2437 - 2440
(2016/05/19)
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- Vanadium-catalyzed chlorination under molecular oxygen
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A catalytic chlorination of ketones was performed by using a vanadium catalyst in the presence of Bu4NI and AlCl3 under atmospheric molecular oxygen. This catalytic chlorination could be applied to the chlorination of alkenes to give the corresponding vic-dichlorides. AlCl3 was found to serve as both a Lewis acid and a chloride source to induce the facile chlorination. A combination of Bu4NI and AlI3 in the presence of a vanadium catalyst under atmospheric molecular oxygen induced the iodination of ketones.
- Moriuchi, Toshiyuki,Fukui, Yasuhiro,Kato, Satoshi,Kajikawa, Tomomi,Hirao, Toshikazu
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p. 177 - 180
(2015/03/04)
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- Efficient partial hydrogenation of trichloromethyl to gem-dichloromethyl groups in platinum on carbon-catalyzed system
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While gem-dichloromethyl groups can be directly synthesized by the mono-dechlorination of the corresponding trichloromethyl groups, the suppression control of the over-reduction to form chloromethyl or methyl functionalities is quite difficult. We have established the efficient and widely applicable mono-dechlorination method of the trichloromethyl groups to form the corresponding gem-dichloromethyl groups using platinum on carbon in dimethylacetamide as a specific solvent at 25 °C under a hydrogen atmosphere. The mono-dechlorination of the α,α,α- trichloromethylcarbonyl groups smoothly proceeded by the use of platinum on carbon as a catalyst in a highly chemoselective manner, while the efficient mono-dechlorination of the alkyl- and aryl-trichloromethyl groups required the combined use of Bu3SnH.
- Sawama, Yoshinari,Imanishi, Takahiro,Nakatani, Ryosuke,Fujiwara, Yuta,Monguchi, Yasunari,Sajiki, Hironao
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supporting information
p. 4540 - 4546
(2014/06/10)
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- A simple, mild, and efficient method for the preparation of α,α-dichloroketones with DCDMH catalyzed by ammonium chloride
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New process that can selectively prepare α,α-dichloro ketones from various ketones with 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) using ammonium chloride as a catalyst is reported. The effects of ammonium salts, solvents, DCDMH, and reaction temperature were investigated. Under the optimal condition, most of α,α-dichlorinated products were selectively obtained in 86-98% yield.
- Zheng, Zubiao,Han, Bingbing,Cheng, Peng,Niu, Jiangxiu,Wang, Aidong
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p. 9814 - 9818
(2015/01/09)
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- Bronsted acidic ionic liquid accelerated halogenation of organic compounds with N-halosuccinimides (NXS)
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The Bronsted-Acidic ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl) imidazolium triflate [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf] was demonstrated to act efficiently as solvent and catalyst for the halogenation of activated organic compounds with N-halosuccinimides (NXS) under mild conditions with short reaction times. Methyl aryl ketones were converted into a-halo and a,a-dihaloketones, depending on the quantity of NXS used. Ketones with activated aromatic rings were selectively halogenated, however in some cases mixtures of a-halogenated ketone and ring-halogenated ketones were obtained. Activated aromatics were regioselectively ring halogenated to give mono- and dihalo-substituted products. The [BMIM(SO3H)][OTf] ionic liquid (IL-A) was successfully reused eight times in a representative monohalogenation reaction with no noticeable decrease in efficiency. An effective halogenation scale-up in this IL is also presented. The reactivity trend and the observed chemo- and regioselectiivities point to an ET process in these IL-promoted halofunctionalization reactions.
- Vrazic, Dejan,Jereb, Marjan,Laali, Kenneth K.,Stavber, Stojan
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- Platinum on carbon-catalyzed precise reduction control of trichloromethyl to Geminal-dichloromethyl groups
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Geminal-dichloromethyl derivatives could be efficiently synthesized by the highly chemoselective platinum on carbon-catalyzed mono-dechlorination of trichloromethyl substrates in dimethylacetamide (DMA) as a specific solvent at 25 °C under a hydrogen atmosphere. Copyright
- Imanishi, Takahiro,Fujiwara, Yuta,Sawama, Yoshinari,Monguchi, Yasunari,Sajiki, Hironao
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 771 - 776
(2012/06/30)
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- Cu(OTf)2-catalyzed α-halogenation of ketones with 1,3-dichloro-5,5'-dimethylhydantoin and N-bromosuccinimide
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Copper(II) triflate catalyses efficiently the α-halogentaion of aryl or alkyl ketones with l.3-diehloro-5.5'-dimethylhydantoin and N-bromosuccinimde to give the corresponding α,α-dichloroketones and α-bromoketones in high yield with excellent product selectivity.
- Jagdale, Arun R.,Chouthaiwale, Pandurang V.,Sudalai, Arumugam
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experimental part
p. 1424 - 1430
(2010/02/28)
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- Simple and efficient methods for selective preparation of α-mono or α,α-dichloro ketones and β-ketoesters by using DCDMH
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New processes that can selectively prepare α-mono or α,α-dichloro ketones and β-ketoesters using 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) are reported. Using silica gel as the catalyst and methanol as the solvent and heating for 1 h under reflux, α-monochlorinated products were selectively obtained in 86-98% yield. However using a deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride: p-TsOH = 1:1) as the solvent and stirring for 45 min at room temperature, α,α- dichlorinated products were selectively obtained in 86-95% yield.
- Chen, Zizhan,Zhou, Bin,Cai, Huihua,Zhu, Wei,Zou, Xinzhuo
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experimental part
p. 275 - 278
(2010/04/22)
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- Selective preparation of α,α-dichloroketones with copper(II) chloride
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Aryl and enolizable alkyl ketones react with copper(II) chloride in dimethylformamide to produce the corresponding α,α-dichloroketone in high yields. Remarkable qualities of the process are high selectivity towards these substrates, undetected polychlorinated by-products, easy work-up, commercially available reagents and HCl as the only waste stream.
- Nobrega, Jose Arimateia,Goncalves, Simone Maria C.,Peppe, Clovis
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p. 3711 - 3717
(2007/10/03)
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- A Convenient Halogenation Procedure for the Preparation of α-Halocarbonyl Compounds
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Except for substituted acetophenones (p-Y-C6H4COCH3, Y=H, Br, CH3O), simple ketones, α-ketoesters and 1,3-diketones reacted smoothly with a preformed homogeneous mixture of hydrochloric acid and potassium permanganate in acetonitrile to give moderate to good yields of the corresponding α-chlorocarbonyl compounds.Mixtures of α-chloro- and α,α-dichlorocarbonyl compounds were obtained for substituted acetophenones.Brominations proceeded similarly with higher yields when the hydrochloric acid was replaced with hydrobromic acid. - Key words: α-chlorocarbonyl compounds; α-bromocarbonyl compounds; potassium permanganate; chlorination; bromination.
- Cheng, Sheng-Fan,Lin, Ching-Shan,Liu, Lilian Kao
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p. 309 - 312
(2007/10/03)
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- Halogenation Using Quaternary Ammonium Polyhalides. XXXII. Dichlorination of Aromatic Acetyl Derivatives with Benzyltrimethylammonium Tetrachloroiodate
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The reaction of aromatic acetyl derivatives with 2 molar amounts of benzyltrimethylammonium tetrachloroiodate in acetic acid at 70 deg C for several hours gave dichloroacetyl derivatives in good yields.
- Kakinami, Takaaki,Urabe, Yasuaki,Hermawan, Irwan,Yamanishi, Hiroko,Okamoto, Tsuyoshi,Kajigaeshi, Shoji
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p. 2549 - 2551
(2007/10/02)
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- DICHLOROMETHYL PHENYL SULFOXIDE: SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS
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Lithio dichloromethyl phenylsulfoxide reacts with aldehydes and alkyl halides to give the corresponding addition and alkylated products respectively.Pyrolysis of these compounds result in the formation of dichloroketones and terminal vinyl dichlorides.
- Reutrakul, Vichai,Herunsalee, Kitivit
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p. 527 - 530
(2007/10/02)
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- REACTION DE L'ACIDE PERCHLORIQUE SUR LES PHENYLACETYLENES SUBSTITUES. MISE EN EVIDENCE D'UN MECANISME IONIQUE ET RADICALAIRE
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We have studied the reaction of perchloric acid in acetic acid medium on some substituted phenylacetylenes.The ionic and radicalar mechanism is in agreement with the formation of and alkenyl perchlorate which is decomposed according to an homolytic process.
- Montheard, Jean-Pierre,Camps, Marcel,Benzaid, Ahmed,Pascal, Jean-Louis
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p. 3483 - 3486
(2007/10/02)
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- The Reaction of Acetophenones with Manganese(III) Acetate
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The reaction of 4'-methoxyacetophenone with manganese(III) acetate in the presence of ammonium chloride yielded 2-chloro-4'-methoxyacetophenone (2a) and 2,2-dichloro-4'-methoxyacetophenone (3a).The reaction of 2a with these reagents gave 3a, 4'-methoxy-2,2,2-trichloroacetophenone and 1,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)2,2,3,3,-tetrachloro-1,4-butanedione (8a).The reactions of 2a and 2-bromoacetophenone with manganese(III) acetate yielded the corresponding 2,3-dihalo-1,4-diphenyl-1,4-butanediones, 1,4-diphenyl-2-halo-2-butene-1,4-diones, 2,3-dihalo-2-butene-1,4-diones, 2,2-dibromoacetophenone, and 8a.The reaction pathways are discussed.
- Kurosawa, Kazu,Yamaguchi, Katsutoshi
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p. 1757 - 1760
(2007/10/02)
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- Molecular Rearrangements. 13. Kinetics and Mechanism of Rearrangements of Some Ring-Substituted α-Chlorostyrene Oxides and trans-β-Chlorostyrene Oxides.
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The synthesis of certain phenyl-substituted derivatives of the isomeric trans-β-chlorostyrene oxides (6) and α-chlorostyrene oxides (7) are reported.The kinetics of rearrangement of 6 (X = p-CH3, H, p-Br, m-Cl, p-NO2) to phenylchloroacetaldehydes (12) in CCl4 buffered by Na2HPO4 and 7 (X = p-CH3, H, p-NO2) to ω-chloroacetophenones in CCl4 were determined by following the rates of disappearance of the α-chloro epoxide and formation of the α-chloro carbonyl product.These substituent effects at 130 deg C were correlated with ?+ constants, yielding ρ values of-3.5 and -0.57 for the rearrangements of 6 and 7, respectively.In nitrobenzene solvent, the kC6H5NO2/kCCl4 for 6 was 180 and for 7 was 1740, the latter solvent effect attributed to nucleophilic solvent participation.It was concluded that these thermal rearrangements of 6 and 7 occur by disrotatory Cβ-O bond heterolysis to yield the corresponding α-keto carbonium-chloride ion pairs.
- McDonald, Richard N.,Cousins, Raymond C.
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p. 2976 - 2984
(2007/10/02)
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