- Cyanomethylation of the Benzene Rings and Pyridine Rings via Direct Oxidative Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling with Acetonitrile
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A novel and efficient approach for the amine-directed dehydrogenative C(sp2)-C(sp3) coupling of arylamines with acetonitrile was reported by using FeCl2as the catalyst. Substituted anilines, aminopyridines, naphthylamines, and some nitrogen-containing heterocyclic arylamines react with inactive acetonitrile to form the corresponding arylacetonitriles in moderate to good yields. This protocol features nontoxic iron catalysis, efficient atom economy, nonprefunctionalized starting materials, good regioselectivity, and excellent compatibility of functional groups and aromatic rings, providing a novel, straightforward, and green approach toward arylacetonitriles.
- Lin, Sen,Wang, Bingqing,Yan, Zhaohua,Yao, Hua,Zhong, Xiaoyang
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supporting information
p. 2030 - 2034
(2022/03/31)
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- A cyanohydrin continuous method for rapid preparation DL - phenyl glycine and its analogue
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The present invention provides a cyanohydrin continuous method for rapid preparation DL - phenyl glycine and its similar method, including: (1) ammoniation reaction: the 2 - hydroxy - benzyl cyanide and the like (hereinafter referred to as the cyanohydrin) with ammonia water fed to the microchannel reactor to carry out the reaction, the reaction temperature is controlled 50 - 200 °C, pressure is 0.5 - 2.5 mpa, the reactant in the residence time in the micro channel is 0.5 - 8 min, to obtain 2 - amino - benzyl cyanide and the like (hereinafter referred to as melamine) aqueous solution; (2) alkaline hydrolysis reaction: step (1) of the melamine obtained with the alkali are fed to the microchannel reactor to carry out the reaction, the reaction temperature is controlled 90 - 200 °C, pressure is 1.0 - 3.0 mpa, the reactant in the dwell time in the micro channel for 10 - 60 minutes, to obtain DL - phenyl glycine and analogs thereof. The invention adopts the micro-channel reactor, accelerate the ammoniation and alkaline hydrolysis reaction rate, reduces the cyanohydrin and melamine pyrolytic-polymerization, without catalyst, improves the yield of the product, the production cost is reduced.
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Paragraph 0026; 0029; 0032; 0035; 0038; 0041; 0044; 0047
(2019/07/04)
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- N1-PYRAZOLOSPIROKETONE ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE INHIBITORS
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The invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions there-of; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of an acetyl- CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal
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Page/Page column 17
(2011/05/16)
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- N2-PYRAZOLOSPIROKETONE ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE INHIBITORS
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The invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are as described herein; pharmaceutical compositions thereof; and the use thereof in treating diseases, conditions or disorders modulated by the inhibition of an acetyl- CoA carboxylase enzyme(s) in an animal.
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Page/Page column 34; 35
(2011/06/16)
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- Synthesis and reactivity of N-hydroxy-2-aminoindoles
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Catalytic hydrogenation of (2-nitrophenyl)acetonitriles bearing an electron-withdrawing substituent α to the nitrile, using Pd/C and (Ph 3P)4Pd, affords N-hydroxy-2-aminoindoles in good to excellent yields. (Ph3P)4Pd decreases the reduction rate of the intermediate hydroxylamine and acts as a catalyst during the cyclization onto the nitrile.
- Belley, Michel,Sauer, Effiette,Beaudoin, Daniel,Duspara, Petar,Trimble, Laird A.,Dubé, Pascal
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p. 159 - 162
(2007/10/03)
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- Aromatic reduced amide bond peptidomimetics as selective inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase
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Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors could act as important therapies for disorders arising from overstimulation or overexpression of individual nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms. But preservation of physiologically important nitric oxide functions require the use of isoform-selective inhibitors. Recently we reported reduced amide bond pseudodipeptide analogues as potent and selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors (Hah, J.-M.; Roman, L. J.; Martasek, P.; Silverman, R. B. J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 2667-2670). To increase the lipophilicity a series of aromatic, reduced amide bond analogues (6-25) were designed and synthesized as potential selective nNOS inhibitors. The hypothesized large increase in isoform selectivity of nNOS over inducible NOS was not obtained in this series. However, the high potency with nNOS as well as high selectivity of nNOS over endothelial NOS was retained in some of these compounds (15, 17, 21), as well as good selectivity over inducible NOS. The most potent nNOS inhibitor among these compounds is N-(4S)-{4-amino-5-[2-(2-aminoethyl)-phenylamino]-pentyl}-N′- nitroguanidine (17) (Ki = 50 nM), which also shows the highest selectivity over eNOS (greater than 2100-fold) and 70-fold selectivity over iNOS. Further modification of compound 17 should lead to even more potent and selective nNOS inhibitors.
- Hah, Jung-Mi,Martásek, Pavel,Roman, Linda J.,Silverman, Richard B.
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p. 1661 - 1669
(2007/10/03)
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- Tetrahydropyran derivatives
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A novel tetrahydropyran derivative which has an excellent apo B-related lipoprotein secretion-inhibiting activity of the following general formula (I) or a salt thereof: R8 and R9 are the same or different and each represents H, lower alkyl, R30-lower alkyl-, R31R32N-, optionally- substituted hetero ring, or R33R34R35C-; R8 and R9 may together form optionally-substituted hetero ring-; R30 represents optionally-substituted aryl, optionally-substituted hetero ring-, or lower alkyl-O-; R31 represents optionally-substituted aryl, or optionally-substituted hetero ring-; R33 represents HO-lower alkyl-, or optionally-substituted hetero ring-lower alkyl-; R34 represents optionally-substituted aryl-.
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- Synthesis and pharmacology of potential cocaine antagonists. 2. Structure-activity relationship studies of aromatic ring-substituted methylphenidate analogs
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As part of a program, to develop medications which can block the binding of cocaine to the dopamine transporter, yet spare dopamine uptake, a series of aromatic ring-substituted methylphenidate derivatives was synthesized and tested for inhibitory potency in [3H]WIN 35,428 binding and [3H]dopamine uptake assays using rat striatal tissue. Synthesis was accomplished by alkylation of 2-bromopyridine with anions derived from various substituted phenylacetonitriles. In most cases, erythro compounds were markedly less potent than the corresponding (±)-threo-methylphenidate (TMP; Ritalin) derivatives. The ortho-substituted compounds were much less potent than the corresponding meta- and/or para-substituted derivatives. The most potent compound against [3H]WIN 35,428 binding, m-bromo-TMP, was 20-fold more potent than the parent compound, whereas the most potent compound against [3H]dopamine uptake, m,p-dichloro-TMP, was 32-fold more potent. Threo derivatives with m-or p-halo substituents were more potent than TMP, while electron-donating substituants caused little change or a small loss of potency. All of the derivatives had Hill coefficients approaching unity, except m,p-dichloro-TMP, which had an nH of 2.0. Although the potency of the (±)-methylphenidate derivatives in the two assays was highly correlated (R2 = 0.986), the compounds m-chloro-, m-methyl-, and p-iodo-TMP were 4-5-fold more potent at inhibiting [3H]-WIN 35,428 binding than [3H]dopamine uptake (cocaine has a ratio of 2.3). These and other compounds may be promising candidates for further testing as potential partial agonists or antagonists of cocaine.
- Deutsch, Howard M.,Shi, Qing,Gruszecka-Kowalik, Ewa,Schwer, Margaret M.
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p. 1201 - 1209
(2007/10/03)
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- Cleavage of phthalimides to amines
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Phthalimides of the formula I STR1 where R is a substituent and the ring A can be further substituted, are cleaved by a process in which a compound of the formula I is treated with an alkanolamine. The compounds prepared according to the invention are useful intermediates for the preparation of dyes, drugs and plastics.
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