- METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING CAROTENOIDS
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Provided herein novel processes for preparing carotenoids, substantially pure carotenoids (such as substantially pure trans crocetin diesters and substantially pure trans sodium crocetinate), pharmaceutical compositions, and related methods of treatment and uses. The provided compositions have uses in treating diseases, disorders and conditions associated with, but not limited to, infection, ARDS, endotoxemia, inflammation, sepsis, ischemia, hypoxia, shock, stroke, lung injury, wound healing, traumatic injury, reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, inflammatory disease, metabolic disease, pulmonary disorders, blood related disorders and hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer. Methods of making, and using the aqueous solutions and pharmaceutical compositions are also provided.
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Paragraph 0169-0176
(2021/10/15)
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- Preparation method of 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dial
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The invention discloses a preparation method of 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dial. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a) reacting 1,4-dibromo-2-buten as shown in a formula II with magnesium to obtain a Grignard reagent as shown in a formula III; b) reacting the Grignard reagent as shown in the formula III with ethylene oxide as shown in a formula IV, and performing acidolysis to obtain a compound V; c) performing an oxidation reaction on the compound V to obtain a compound VI; d) performing an aldol condensation reaction on the compound VI and formaldehyde to obtain a compound VII; and e) performing a hydroisomerization reaction on the compound VII to obtain 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dial as shown in a formula I, wherein the reaction equation is shown in thedescription. The preparation method has the advantages that the raw materials are easy to get, the reaction yield is high, the process is simple, and the industrial production is facilitated.
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Paragraph 0054; 0056; 0057; 0058;
(2018/11/22)
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- METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING 2,7-DIMETHYL-2,4,6-OCTATRIENE-1,8-DIALDEHYDE
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Provided in the present invention is a method for synthesizing 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dialdehyde. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: (1) adding acetaldehyde diethyl acetal and ethyl-(1-propenyl)-ether under the effect of a catalyst to produce 1,1,3-triethoxy-2-methyl-butane; (2) pyrolysis synthesizing 1,1,3-triethoxy-2-methyl-butane under the catalytic effects of isoquinoline and p-Toluenesulfonic acid to produce 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-butadiene; (3) dissolving 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-butadiene in anhydrous ethanol solvent for synthesis with a phase transfer catalyst, cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, and a chlorinating agent, trichloroisocyanuric acid, to generate 4,4-diethoxy-3-methyl-1- chloro-butene; (4) combining 4,4-diethoxy-3-methyl-1-chloro-butene with a triphenylphosphine salt to produce a phosphonium salt; and (5) condensing the phosphonium salt under the effects of hydrogen peroxide in conjunction with sodium carbonate solution to generate 1,1,8,8-tetramethyl-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene; then hydrolyzing under acidic conditions to synthesize 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8- dialdehyde. The present invention has a simple process route, is easy to operate, and has mild conditions, great yield, and great industrial value.
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- METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING 2,7-DIMETHYL-2,4,6-OCTATRIENE-1,8-DIALDEHYDE
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Provided in the present invention is a method for synthesizing 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dialdehyde. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: (1) adding acetaldehyde diethyl acetal and ethyl-(1-propenyl)-ether under the effect of a catalyst to produce 1,1,3-triethoxy-2-methyl-butane; (2) pyrolysis synthesizing 1,1,3-triethoxy-2-methyl-butane under the catalytic effects of isoquinoline and p-Toluenesulfonic acid to produce 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-butadiene; (3) dissolving 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1,3-butadiene in anhydrous ethanol solvent for synthesis with a phase transfer catalyst, cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide, and a chlorinating agent, trichloroisocyanuric acid, to generate 4,4-diethoxy-3-methyl-1-chloro-butene; (4) combining 4,4-diethoxy-3-methyl-1-chloro-butene with a triphenylphosphine salt to produce a phosphonium salt; and (5) condensing the phosphonium salt under the effects of hydrogen peroxide in conjunction with sodium carbonate solution to generate 1,1,8,8-tetramethyl-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene; then hydrolyzing under acidic conditions to synthesize 2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene-1,8-dialdehyde. The present invention has a simple process route, is easy to operate, and has mild conditions, great yield, and great industrial value.
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