- Prediction of metabolic clearance using fresh human hepatocytes: Comparison with cryopreserved hepatocytes and hepatic microsomes for five benzodiazepines
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1. Predictions of in vivo intrinsic clearance from cryopreserved human hepatocytes may be systematically low. In the current study, the metabolite kinetics of a series of CYP3A4 substrates (benzodiazepines) in fresh human hepatocytes from five donors, via a major UK supplier, were investigated and compared with those previously reported (by the authors' laboratory) for cryopreserved human hepatocytes and hepatic microsomes. 2. A high incidence of autoactivation (up to tenfold) and heteroactivation (by testosterone, up to 14-fold) among the major pathways was observed. CYP capacity (Vmax) was marginally lower and 'affinity' constants (KM, S50) were marginally greater compared with cryopreserved hepatocytes. 3. Average intrinsic clearance (based on maximal clearance, CLmax) was sevenfold lower than in cryopreserved hepatocytes (reflecting sensitivity of intrinsic clearance estimation in vitro to mechanistic parameter values, particularly those involving atypical kinetics), but scaled intrinsic clearances for fresh (and cryopreserved) hepatocytes were within the range previously determined in hepatic microsomes. 4. There was no evidence from this series of studies that fresh hepatocytes provide quantitatively improved estimates of intrinsic clearance over cryopreserved hepatocytes.
- Hallifax,Galetin,Houston
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p. 353 - 367
(2008/12/21)
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- 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolobenzodiazepines with Substituents at C-4
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A series of 8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-s-triazolobenzodiazepines with substituents at C-4 was prepared and evaluated for antianxiety potential.It was found that substitution at this position generally decreased the activity in this series.
- Hester, Jackson B.,Rudzik, Allan D.,Voigtlander, Philip F. Von
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p. 643 - 647
(2007/10/02)
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- Preparation of triazolo benzodiazepines and novel compounds
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Novel preparations of triazolobenzodiazepines are disclosed. Novel 6-pyridyl-4H-triazolo[4,3-a]-1,4-benzodiazepines and novel intermediates are also disclosed which are useful as anti-convulsants, muscle relaxants and sedative agents.
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