- Quinolone carboxylic acids as a novel monoketo acid class of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase inhibitors
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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase is a crucial target for antiretroviral drugs, and several keto - enol acid class (often referred to as diketo acid class) inhibitors have clinically exhibited-marked antiretroviral activity. Here, we show the synthesis and the detailed structure - activity relationship of the quinolone carboxylic acids as a novel monoketo acid class of integrase inhibitors. 6-(3-Chloro-2-fluorobenzyl)-1-((2S)-1-hydroxy-3,3- dimethylbutan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 51, which showed an IC50 of 5.8 nMin the strand transfer assay and an ED50 of 0.6 nMin the antiviral assay, and 6-(3-chloro-2-fluorobenzyl) -1-((2S)-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3- carboxylic acid 49, which had an IC50 of 7.2 nMand an ED50 of 0.9 nM, were the most potent compounds in this class. The monoketo acid 49 was much more potent at inhibiting integrasecatalyzed strand transfer processes than 3′-processing reactions, as is the case with the keto - enol acids. Elvitegravir 49 was chosen as a candidate for further studies and is currently in phase 3 clinical trials.
- Sato, Motohide,Kawakami, Hiroshi,Motomura, Takahisa,Aramaki, Hisateru,Matsuda, Takashi,Yamashita, Masaki,Ito, Yoshiharu,Matsuzaki, Yuji,Yamataka, Kazunobu,Ikeda, Satoru,Shinkai, Hisashi
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4869 - 4882
(2010/03/02)
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- Isoquinoline derivatives with angiogenesis inhibiting activity
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The invention relates to compounds of formula I wherein r is from 0 to 2; n is from 0 to 2; m is from 0 to 4; A, B, D and E are each independently of the others N or CH, with the proviso that not more than two of those radicals are N; G is lower alkylene, —CH2—O—, —CH2—S—, —CH2—NH—, oxa (—O—), thia (—S—) or imino (—NH—), or is lower alkylene substituted by acyloxy or by hydroxy; Q is lower alkyl, especially methyl; R is H or lower alkyl; X is imino, oxa or thia; Y is lower alkyl or, especially, aryl, heteroaryl or unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl; and Z is amino, mono- or di-substituted amino, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, hydroxy, etherified or esterified hydroxy, nitro, cyano, carboxy, esterified carboxy, alkanoyl, carbamoyl, N-mono- or N,N-di-substituted carbamoyl, amidino, guanidino, mercapto, sulfo, phenylthio, phenyl-lower alkylthio, alkylphenylthio, phenylsulfinyl, phenyl-lower alkylsulfinyl, alkylphenyl-sulfinyl, phenylsulfonyl, phenyl-lower alkanesulfonyl or alkylphenylsulfonyl, and where, if more than one radical Z is present (m≧4), the substituents Z are identical or different; and wherein the bonds indicated by a wavy line are either single bonds or double bonds; or an N-oxide of the mentioned compound, wherein one or more N atoms carry an oxygen atom; or a salt thereof. The compounds inhibit especially angiogenesis.
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- Glycine receptor antagonists and the use thereof
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Methods of treating or preventing neuronal loss associated with stroke, ischemia, CNS trauma, hypoglycemia and surgery, as well as treating neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease and Down's syndrome, treating or preventing the adverse consequences of the hyperactivity of the excitatory amino acids, as well as treating anxiety, chronic pain, convulsions, inducing anesthesia and treating psychosis are disclosed by administering to an animal in need of such treatment a compound having high affinity for the glycine binding site, lacking PCP side effects and which crosses the blood brain barrier of the animal. Also disclosed are novel 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Also disclosed are highly soluble ammonium salts of 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones.
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