- Design and synthesis of new potent 5-HT7 receptor ligands as a candidate for the treatment of central nervous system diseases
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Owing to their multifunctional pharmacological profiles (including dual 5-HT1A/5-HT7 action), arylpiperazine derivatives are widely used for treating central nervous system diseases including the depression or neuropathic pain. Herein we describe the design, synthesis and evaluation of biological activity of novel 5-HT7 ligands derived of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine. The studied compounds showed affinity and high selectively towards 5-HT7 receptor with the two most active compounds 34 (Ki = 61 nM), 22 (Ki = 109 nM) showing good metabolic stability and moderate affinity to CYP3A4 isoenzyme. Compound 22 had high hepatotoxicity at a concentration below 50 μM, while compound 34 showed low hepatotoxicity even at a concentration above 50 μM.
- Drabczyk, Anna K.,Latacz, Gniewomir,Ja?kowska, Jolanta,Ku?aga, Damian,Pla?uk, Damian,Rózga, Karolina,Sata?a, Grzegorz
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- Discovery, Optimization, and Characterization of ML417: A Novel and Highly Selective D3 Dopamine Receptor Agonist
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To identify novel D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) agonists, we conducted a high-throughput screen using a β-arrestin recruitment assay. Counterscreening of the hit compounds provided an assessment of their selectivity, efficacy, and potency. The most promising scaffold was optimized through medicinal chemistry resulting in enhanced potency and selectivity. The optimized compound, ML417 (20), potently promotes D3R-mediated β-arrestin translocation, G protein activation, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK) while lacking activity at other dopamine receptors. Screening of ML417 against multiple G protein-coupled receptors revealed exceptional global selectivity. Molecular modeling suggests that ML417 interacts with the D3R in a unique manner, possibly explaining its remarkable selectivity. ML417 was also found to protect against neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons derived from iPSCs. Together with promising pharmacokinetics and toxicology profiles, these results suggest that ML417 is a novel and uniquely selective D3R agonist that may serve as both a research tool and a therapeutic lead for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
- Moritz, Amy E.,Free, R. Benjamin,Weiner, Warren S.,Akano, Emmanuel O.,Gandhi, Disha,Abramyan, Ara,Keck, Thomas M.,Ferrer, Marc,Hu, Xin,Southall, Noel,Steiner, Joseph,Aubé, Jeffrey,Shi, Lei,Frankowski, Kevin J.,Sibley, David R.
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p. 5526 - 5567
(2020/06/17)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed meta-C-H Allylation of Arenes: A Unique Combination of a Pyrimidine-Based Template and Hexafluoroisopropanol
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Controlling remote selectivity and delivering novel functionalities at distal positions in arenes are an important endeavor in contemporary organic synthesis. In this vein, template engineering and mechanistic understanding of new functionalization strategies are essential for enhancing the scope of such methods. Herein, meta-C-H allylation of arenes has been achieved with the aid of a palladium catalyst, pyrimidine-based auxiliary, and allyl phosphate. 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) was found as a critical solvent in this transformation. The role of HFIP throughout the catalytic cycle has been systematically studied. A broad substrate scope with phenethyl ether, phenol, benzylsulfonyl ester, phenethylsulfonyl ester, phenylacetic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, and 2-phenylbenzoic acid derivatives has been demonstrated. Interestingly, conformationally flexible arenes have also been selectively allylated at the meta-position using allyl phosphate. A combination of 1H NMR, 31P NMR, ESI-MS, kinetic experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) computations suggested that reaction proceeds through a ligand-assisted meta-C-H activation, allyl addition forming a Pd-?-allyl complex which is then followed by a turnover determining the C-C bond formation step leading to the meta-allylated product.
- Bag, Sukdev,Dutta, Uttam,Jayarajan, Ramasamy,Maiti, Debabrata,Mondal, Arup,Porey, Sandip,Sunoj, Raghavan B.,Surya, K.
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supporting information
p. 12453 - 12466
(2020/08/06)
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- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of a New Series of Carvedilol Derivatives That Protect Sensory Hair Cells from Aminoglycoside-Induced Damage by Blocking the Mechanoelectrical Transducer Channel
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Aminoglycosides (AGs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics used for the treatment of serious bacterial infections but have use-limiting side effects including irreversible hearing loss. Here, we assessed the otoprotective profile of carvedilol in mouse cochlear cultures and in vivo zebrafish assays and investigated its mechanism of protection which, we found, may be mediated by a block of the hair cell's mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) channel, the major entry route for the AGs. To understand the full otoprotective potential of carvedilol, a series of 18 analogues were prepared and evaluated for their effect against AG-induced damage as well as their affinity for the MET channel. One derivative was found to confer greater protection than carvedilol itself in cochlear cultures and also to bind more tightly to the MET channel. At higher concentrations, both carvedilol and this derivative were toxic in cochlear cultures but not in zebrafish, suggesting a good therapeutic window under in vivo conditions.
- O'Reilly, Molly,Kirkwood, Nerissa K.,Kenyon, Emma J.,Huckvale, Rosemary,Cantillon, Daire M.,Waddell, Simon J.,Ward, Simon E.,Richardson, Guy P.,Kros, Corné J.,Derudas, Marco
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p. 5312 - 5329
(2019/06/07)
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- Synthesis and Investigation of S-Substituted 2-Mercaptobenzoimidazoles as Inhibitors of Hedgehog Signaling
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Due to the arising resistance of common drugs targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway, the identification of new compound classes with inhibitory effect is urgently needed. We were able to identify S-alkylated 2-mercaptobenzoimidazoles as a new compound
- Gr??le, Simone,Susanto, Steven,Sievers, Sonja,Tavsan, Emel,Nieger, Martin,Jung, Nicole,Br?se, Stefan
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supporting information
p. 931 - 935
(2017/09/22)
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- DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR LIGANDS
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The present invention relates to novel dopamine D2 receptor ligands. The invention further relates to functionally-biased dopamine D2 receptor ligands and the use of these compounds for treating or preventing central nervous system and systemic disorders associated with dysregulation of dopaminergic activity. The present invention relates to novel compounds that modulate dopamine D2 receptors. In particular, compounds of the present invention show functional selectivity at the dopamine D2 receptors and exhibit selectivity downstream of the D2 receptors, on the 0- arrestin pathway and/or on the cAMP pathway.
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Page/Page column 126; 127
(2016/07/05)
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- Towards new 5-HT7 antagonists among arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl-alkyl amines: Multiobjective based design, synthesis, and antidepressant and anxiolytic properties
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A series of 39 arylsulfonamide/amide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl alkyl amines, was designed with the support of the Virtual Combinatorial Library-Virtual Screening protocol, and synthesized using solidphase methodologies. Representative compounds were biologically evaluated for their affinity for 5-HT7Rs and for their selectivity over related 5-HTRs (5-HT1ARs, 5-HT2ARs, 5-HT6Rs), dopamine D2Rs and adrenergic a1Rs. The study identified the derivatives 27 (3-fluoro-N-{1-[2-(2-cyclopentylphenoxy) ethyl]piperidin-4-yl}-benzenesulfonamide; PZ-1417) and 35 (4-fluoro-N-(1-{2-[(propan-2-yl)phenoxy] ethyl}-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl)-benzenesulfonamide; PZ-1150) as being potent 5-HT7R antagonists with antidepressant and anxiolytic properties in the forced swim test (0.625e5 mg/kg and 0.625 mg/kg, respectively), the tail suspension test (0.625 mg/kg and 0.625 mg/kg, respectively), and in four plate test (0.625 mg/kg and 1.25e2.5 mg/kg, respectively) in mice. It has to be stressed that new compounds displayed higher activity than that of SB-269970, a reference 5-HT7R antagonist. Finally, the study provided valuable insight into the development of potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of CNS disorders.
- Canale, Vittorio,Kurczab, Rafa,Partyka, Anna,Sataa, Grzegorz,Ledna, Tomasz,Jastrzebska-Wiesek, Magdalena,Wesoowska, Anna,Bojarski, Andrzej J.,Zajdel, Pawel
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supporting information
p. 334 - 346
(2015/12/23)
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- Arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl pyrrolidines and piperidines as α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with uro-selective activity
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A series of arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl pyrrolidines and piperidines was synthesized to develop new α1-adrenoceptor antagonists with uroselective profile. Biological evaluation for α1- and α2-adrenorecepo
- Rak, Aleksandra,Canale, Vittorio,Marciniec, Krzysztof,?mudzki, Pawe?,Kotańska, Magdalena,Knutelska, Joanna,Siwek, Agata,Stachowicz, Gabriela,Bednarski, Marek,Nowiński, Leszek,Zygmunt, Ma?gorzata,Zajdel, Pawe?,Sapa, Jacek
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p. 5582 - 5591
(2016/10/22)
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- Development of unsymmetrical dyads as potent noncarbohydrate-based inhibitors against human β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase
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Human β-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase has gained much attention due to its roles in several pathological processes and been considered as potential targets for disease therapy. A novel and efficient skeleton, which was an unsymmetrical dyad containing naphthalimide and methoxyphenyl moieties with an alkylamine spacer linkage as a noncarbohydrate-based inhibitor, was synthesized, and the activities were valuated against human β-N-acetyl-D- hexosaminidase. The most potent inhibitor exhibits high inhibitory activity with Ki values of 0.63 μM. The straightforward synthetic manners of these unsymmetrical dyads and understanding of the binding model could be advantageous for further structure optimization and development of new therapeutic agents for Hex-related diseases.
- Guo, Peng,Chen, Qi,Liu, Tian,Xu, Lin,Yang, Qing,Qian, Xuhong
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supporting information
p. 527 - 531
(2013/07/26)
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- Synthesis, biological activity evaluation and molecular modeling study on the new isoconessimine derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
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New isoconessimine derivatives were synthesized from conessine (1) and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. The derivatives were prepared via two reaction steps, N-demethylation and nucleophilic substitution. All of the synthesized derivatives exhibited more potential anti- acetylcholinesterase activities than conessine (1) (IC50=16 μmol·L-1) and isoconessimine (2) (IC50>300 μmol·L-1). Compound 7b (3β-[methyl-[2-(4-nitrophenoxy) ethyl]amino]con-5-enine) showed the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 110 nmol/L which is close to that of reference compound huperzine A (IC50=70 nmol/L). The mode of AChE inhibition by 7b was reversible and non-competitive. In addition, molecular modeling was performed to explore the binding mode of inhibitor 7b at the active site of AChE and the results showed that 7b could be docked into the acetylcholinesterase active site and compound 7b had hydrophobic interactions with Trp279 and Leu282. A series of 3-N-aryloxyethyl substitutional isoconessimine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors. All of the synthesized derivatives exhibited potential anti-acetylcholinesterase activities with IC50 values at micromolar to sub-micromolar range. 7b showed the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50of 110 nmol/L. The molecular docking results showed that 7b can be well docked into the active site of acetylcholinesterase. Copyright
- Jin, Guofei,Yang, Zhongduo,Xue, Weiwei,Sheng, Jie,Shi, Yin,Yao, Xiaojun
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p. 1228 - 1233
(2013/10/21)
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- Synthesis and characterization of potential impurities of carvedilol, an antihypertensive drug
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Carvedilol (Coreg) is a nonselective -adrenergic blocking agent with vasodilating activity. It is used for the treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension. During the bulk synthesis of carvedilol, we have observed six impurities: Imp-I, Imp-II, Imp-III, Imp-IV, Imp-V, and Imp-VI. The present work describes the synthesis and characterization of these impurities. Copyright
- Rao, Somisetti Narender,Sitaramaiah, Devarasetty,Srimannarayana, Kema,Rao, Challa Nageswar,Rao, Peddi Srinivasa,Babu, K. Sudhakar
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experimental part
p. 85 - 93
(2011/03/19)
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- A practical synthesis of sarpogrelate hydrochloride and in vitro platelet aggregation inhibitory activities of its analogues
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A convenient approach for the preparation of sarpogrelate hydrochloride was developed. Two series of sarpogrelate hydrochloride analogues were designed and synthesized in order to improve their platelet aggregation inhibitory activities, biological tests suggested that these compounds have platelet aggregation inhibitory activities to some extent.
- Chen, Guo Hua,Wang, Sheng,Wu, Fei Hua
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scheme or table
p. 287 - 289
(2010/12/20)
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- Synthesis and adrenolytic activity of 1-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-3-{[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propan-2-ol and its enantiomers. Part 1
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The synthesis of (2RS)-1-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-3-{[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propan-2-ol ((RS)-9) and its enantiomers has been described and tested for electrocardiographic, antiarrhythmic, hypotensive and spasmolytic activities as well as for α1-, α2- and β1-adrenoceptors' binding affinities. All compounds significantly decrease systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and possess antiarrhythmic activity and affinity to α1-, α2- and β1-adrenoceptors. The results suggest that the antiarrhythmic and hypotensive effects of these compounds are related to their adrenolytic but not spasmolytic properties.
- Groszek, Grazyna,Bednarski, Marek,Dybala, Malgorzata,Filipek, Barbara
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experimental part
p. 809 - 817
(2009/09/05)
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- Synthesis, Screening, and Molecular Modeling of New Potent and Selective Antagonists at the α1d Adrenergic Receptor
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In the present study, more than 75 compounds structurally related to BMY 7378 have been designed and synthesized. Structural variations of each part of the reference molecule have been introduced, obtaining highly selective ligands for the α1d adrenergic receptor. The molecular determinants for selectivity at this receptor are essentially held by the phenyl substituent in the phenylpiperazine moiety. The integration of an extensive SAR analysis with docking simulations using the rhodopsin-based models of the three α1-AR subtypes and of the 5-HT1A receptor provides significant insights into the characterization of the receptor binding sites as well as into the molecular determinants of ligand selectivity at the α1d-AR and the 5-HT1A receptors. The results of multiple copies simultaneous search (MCSS) on the substituted phenylpiperazines together with those of manual docking of compounds BMY 7378 and 69 into the putative binding sites of the α1a-AR, α1b-AR, α1d-AR, and the 5-HT1A receptors suggest that the phenylpiperazine moiety would dock into a site formed by amino acids in helices 3, 4, 5, 6 and extracellular loop 2 (E2), whereas the spirocyclic ring of the ligand docks into a site formed by amino acids of helices 1, 2, 3, and 7. This docking mode is consistent with the SAR data produced in this work. Furthermore, the binding site of the imide moiety does not allow for the simultaneous involvement of the two carbonyl oxygen atoms in H-bonding interactions, consistent with the SAR data, in particular with the results obtained with the lactam derivative 128. The results of docking simulations also suggest that the second and third extracellular loops may act as selectivity filters for the substituted phenylpiperazines. The most potent and selective compounds for α1d adrenergic receptor, i.e., 69 (Rec 26D/038) and 128 (Rec 26D/073), are characterized by the presence of the 2,5-dichlorophenylpiperazine moiety.
- Leonardi, Amedeo,Barlocco, Daniela,Montesano, Federica,Cignarella, Giorgio,Motta, Gianni,Testa, Rodolfo,Poggesi, Elena,Seeber, Michele,De Benedetti, Pier G.,Fanelli, Francesca
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p. 1900 - 1918
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel cyclic amide derivatives
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Novel compounds represented by the following formula (I) that act as a ligand to sigma receptor/binding cite and a medicament comprising the same as an active ingredient: wherein X represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group or the like; Q represents a group represented by —CH2—, —CO—, —O—, —CH(OR7)— or the like wherein R7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; n represents an integer of from 0 to 5; R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like; B represents either of the following groups: wherein R3, R4, R5, and R6 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkoxyl group or the like; m represents 1 or 2; and the ring of: represents an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
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- The new generation dihydropyridine type calcium blockers, bearing 4-phenyl oxypropanolamine, display α-/β-adrenoceptor antagonist and long-acting antihypertensive activities
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A new series of dihydropyridine derivatives, bearing oxypropanolamine moiety on phenyl ring at the 4-position of the dihydropyridine base, were prepared. Oxypropanolamine was synthesized by replacing the phenolic OH of vanillin or other compounds, having a phenyl aldehyde group, with epichlorohydrin, followed by cleavaging the obtained epoxide compounds with tert-butylamine, n-butylamine or 2-methoxy-1-oxyethylamino benzene (guaiacoxyethylamine), respectively. Obtained various oxypropanolamine compounds, still remaining a phenyl aldehyde moiety, were then performed by Hantzsch condensation reaction with methylacetoacetate or ethylacetoacetate, respectively, to give our new series of dihydropyridine linked with the 4-phenyl ring. These compounds were evaluated for inotropic, chronotropic, and aorta contractility that associated with calcium channel and adrenoceptor antagonist activities. Dihydropyridine derivatives that with oxypropanolamine side chain on their 4-phenyl ring associated α-/β-adrenoceptor blocking activities created a new family of calcium entry and the third generation β-adrenoceptor blockers. Optimizing this research to obtain more potent α-/β-adrenoceptor blocking and long-acting antihypertensive oxypropanolamine on the 4-phenyl ring of dihydropyridine series compounds was thus accomplished and classified as third generation dihydropyridine type calcium channel blockers, in comparison with previous short-acting type nifedipine and long-acting type amlodipine. We concluded that compounds 1a, 1b and 1g showed not only markedly high calcium-antagonistic activity but also the highest antihypertensive effect; compounds 1b, 1c, 1f, 1g, 1i and 1j induced sustained antihypertensive effects are major and attributed to their calcium entry and α-adrenoceptor blocking activities in the blood vessel due to their introduction of 2-methoxy, 1-oxyethylamino benzene moiety in the side chain on the 4-phenyl ring of dihydropyridine. Bradycardiac effects of all the compounds 1a-1j resulted from calcium entry and β-adrenoceptor blocking, which attenuate the sympathetic activation-associated reflex tachycardia in the heart. We selected compound 1b as candidate compound for further pharmacological and pre-clinical evaluation studies.
- Liang, Jhy-Chong,Yeh, Jwu-Lai,Wang, Chia-Sui,Liou, Shwu-Fen,Tsai, Chieh-Ho,Chen, Ing-Jun
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p. 719 - 730
(2007/10/03)
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- Cyclotriveratrylene models for proteins: 3:1 subsite differentiation and modulation of the redox potential
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The potential of cyclotriveratrylene (ctv) (2,3,7,8,12,13-hexamethoxy-10,15-dihydro-5H-tribenzocyclo-nonene) trithiols as ligands that can easily be functionalised and show subsite differentiation in their complexes with clusters has been explored.The cluster complexes of tris(2-sulfanylethoxy)- and tris(3-sulfanyl-methylbenzyloxy)-functionalised ctvs have been studied by core-extrusion experiments, spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques.With 2- as starting material a cluster complex was obtained in which the unique Fe and its co-ordinating Cl was turned into the cavity and show no reactivity.Starting with the more bulky t)4>2- the unique iron points outwards and is susceptible to substitution reactions.The effects of hydrogen bonding and electron density on the redox potential of the cluster complex have been investigated.The redox potential becomes more negative when the length of the spacer between the ctv and cluster core is increased, which is explained by the longer distance between the cluster and the electron-withdrawing phenoxy moiety of the ctv.The synthesis of ctv derivatives with one thiol and one alcohol functionality per phenyl unit, and comparison with corresponding derivatives where hydrogen bonding is not possible, showed that no significant differences were found.The effects of a substituent in an aromatic amide group that could hydrogen bond to the co-ordinated thiol were investigated.A weak effect, in the direction expected, was found upon substitution of methyl for H.
- Strijdonck, Gino P. F. van,Haare, John A. E. H. van,Hoenen, Paulus J.M.,Schoor, Roger C. G. M. van den,Feiters, Martinus C.,et al.
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p. 449 - 462
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of bridged catechol-homocysteine derivatives as potential inhibitors of catechol O-methyltransferase
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Catechol derivatives, covalently joined to homocysteine by sulfide or sulfonium linkages, were synthesized as potential catechol O-methyl-transferase inhibitors which might bridge the enzymatic binding sites for the catechol substrate and the amino acid p
- Lever Jr.,Hyman,White
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p. 1241 - 1244
(2007/10/02)
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