- Synthesis of 2,5,7-triaryl-4,7(6,7)-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3- carbonitriles by reaction of 5(3)-amino-3(5)-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles with chalcones
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The reaction of 5(3)-amino-3(5)-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles with 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones (chalcones) in refluxing DMF leads to 2,5,7-triaryl-4,7(6,7)-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carbonitriles. In DMSO solution, the latter exist in equilibri
- Kolosov, Maksim A.,Beloborodov, Dmitriy A.,Kulyk, Olesia G.,Orlov, Valeriy D.
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- 1,3-disubstituted-4-aminopyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyrimidines, a new class of potent inhibitors for phospholipase D
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Phospholipase D enzymes cleave lipid substrates to produce phosphatidic acid, an important precursor for many essential cellular molecules. Phospholipase D is a target to modulate cancer-cell invasiveness. This study reports synthesis of a new class of phospholipase D inhibitors based on 1,3-disubstituted-4-amino-pyrazolopyrimidine core structure. These molecules were synthesized and used to perform initial screening for the inhibition of purified bacterial phospholipase D, which is highly homologous to the human PLD1. Initially tested with the bacterial phospholipase D enzyme, then confirmed with the recombinant human PLD1 and PLD2 enzymes, the molecules presented here exhibited inhibition of phospholipase D activity (IC50) in the low-nanomolar to low-micromolar range with both monomeric substrate diC4PC and phospholipid vesicles and micelles. The data strongly indicate that these inhibitory molecules directly block enzyme/vesicle substrate binding. Preliminary activity studies using recombinant human phospholipase Ds in in vivo cell assays measuring both transphosphatidylation and head-group cleavage indicate inhibition in the mid- to low-nanomolar range for these potent inhibitory novel molecules in a physiological environment. This study reports synthesis of a new class of PLD inhibitors based on 1,3-disubstituted-4-amino-pyrazolopyrimidine core structure. These molecules exhibited inhibition of human recombinant PLD activity (IC 50) in the low-nanomolar to low-micromolar range with monomeric substrate diC4PC and phospholipid vesicles and micelles. Preliminary activity studies using recombinant human PLDs in in vivo cell assays measuring both transphosphatidylation and head-group cleavage indicates inhibition in the mid- to low-nanomolar range for these potent inhibitory novel molecules in a physiological environment.
- Kulkarni, Aditya,Quang, Phong,Curry, Victoriana,Keyes, Renee,Zhou, Weihong,Cho, Hyejin,Baffoe, Jonathan,T?r?k, Béla,Stieglitz, Kimberly
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p. 270 - 281
(2014/10/15)
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- SmCl3-catalyzed C-acylation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and malononitrile
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A recyclable, convenient, and efficient catalytic system for C-acylation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and malononitrile with acid chlorides has been developed, giving moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. This is the first catalytic example of such reactions. In addition, by applying this protocol as the key step, 3,5-disubstituted-1H- pyrazole-4-carboxylate can easily be synthesized in high yields in a one-pot procedure.
- Shen, Quansheng,Huang, Wen,Wang, Jialiang,Zhou, Xigeng
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p. 4491 - 4494
(2008/03/12)
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- MEDICINE COMPRISING DICYANOPYRIDINE DERIVATIVE
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Compounds having a high conductance-type of calcium-activated K channel opening effect and a smooth muscle relaxant effect for bladder based on the K-channel opening effect, which can be used in treating pollakiuria and urinary incontinence, are provided. 3,5-Dicyanopyridine derivatives or their salts.
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- Medicine comprising dicyanopyridine derivative
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Compounds having a high conductance-type of calcium-activated K channel opening effect and a smooth muscle relaxant effect for bladder based on the K-channel opening effect, which can be used in treating pollakiuria and urinary incontinence, are provided.
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- Inhibitor scaffolds as new allele specific kinase substrates
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The elucidation of protein kinase signaling networks is challenging due to the large size of the protein kinase superfamily (>500 human kinases). Here we describe a new class of orthogonal triphosphate substrate analogues for the direct labeling of analog
- Kraybill, Brian C.,Elkin, Lisa L.,Blethrow, Justin D.,Morgan, David O.,Shokat, Kevan M.
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p. 12118 - 12128
(2007/10/03)
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- Enolate Ions as ss-Activators of ortho-metalation: Direct Synthesis of 3-Aminoindenones
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ss-Ketonitriles derived from a Claisen condensation of benzoate esters with alkyl- or phenylacetonitriles lead to 3-aminoindenones in the presence of excess LDA. This new reaction is also applicable to pyridine carboxylic esters. All of the 3-aminoindenones and their aza analogues can be hydrolyzed by acid to give the corresponding 1,3-indandiones. The mechanism of the reaction falls into the directed-ortho-metalation class in which the initial enolate ion of the keto-nitrile directs self-metalation at an ortho position. The new anion then cyclizes onto the nitrile group to generate an aminoindenone. Surprisingly the simplest member of the series, benzoylacetonitrile, does not undergo cyclization. Mechanistic isotope studies revealed that this substance preferentially and directly forms a dianion on the side chain, which is not further deprotonated at the ortho position of the aromatic ring.
- Kayaleh, Nadim E.,Gupta, Ramesh C.,Johnson, Francis
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p. 4515 - 4522
(2007/10/03)
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- One-pot synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrazoles - Proof of regiochemistry
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1-Alkyl-5-amino-3-aryl-4-cyanopyrazoles, useful intermediates for fused heterocyclic systems, are synthesised by a one-pot three-step procedure from acid chlorides, malononitrile and alkylhydrazines. The regiochemistry of the hydrazine incorporation was p
- Hanefeld, Ulf,Rees, Charles W.,White, Andrew J. P.,Williams, David J.
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p. 1545 - 1552
(2007/10/03)
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- Electrolytic Oxidation of Ketones in a Methanolic Solution of NaCN in the Presence of Catalytic Amounts of KI
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The indirect electrolytic oxidation of ketones (1) in methanolic sodium cyanide was studied using iodide ion as a mediator.The product and the reactivity of ketone were dependent on the nature of the alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl group.Thus, 2-alk
- Okimoto, Mitsuhiro,Chiba, Toshiro
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p. 6194 - 6197
(2007/10/02)
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- ACTIVATION OF CARBOXYL GROUPS BY DIPHENYL 2-OXO-3-OXAZOLINYLPHOSPHONATE. FACILE PREPARATION OF VERSATILE REAGENTS, 3-ACYL-2-OXAZOLONES
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Synthetic utility of the 2-oxazolone moiety as an excellent new leaving group is described.Based on such a function of the heterocycles, diphenyl 2-oxo-3-oxazolinylphosphonate has been newly introduced as a carboxyl-activating reagent which permits a facile direct preparation of 3-acyl-2-oxazolones and amides including peptides from a wide variety of carboxylic acids.The 3-acyl-2-oxazolides also serve as versatile reactive agents for highly chemoselective acyl-transfer to the nucleophilic species such as amines, alcohols and thiols, providing convenient and high-yield routes to amides, esters and thiol esters under mild conditions.They are also useful intermediates for ketones and alcohols.
- Kunieda, Takehisa,Higuchi, Tsunehiko,Abe, Yoshihiro,Hirobe, Masaaki
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p. 3253 - 3260
(2007/10/02)
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