- N-Alkylation of Alkylolamines with Alcohols Over Mesoporous Solid Acid–Base Cs–B–Zr Catalyst
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Abstract: The mesoporous solid acid–base Cs–B–Zr mixed oxides were synthesized using the co-precipitation method followed by a subsequent thermal treatment. The catalytic activity of solid Cs–B–Zr mixed oxide was tested for solvent free acid–base catalysed direct alkylolamines with alcohols as green alkylating agent. The effects of Cs/B/Zr ratio, calcination temperature, reaction conditions, and reaction substrate on the catalytic performance of the catalysts were investigated. The XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, ICP-OES, FT-IR and NH3/CO2-TPD results showed that the mesoporous structure and acid–base properties of the catalysts play important roles in the reaction. A suitable number of acid and basic sites on the catalyst lead to a high activity for the N-alkylation reaction. Graphical Abstract: A direct N-alkylation of amino alcohol with alcohols has been developed using mixed oxide Cs–B–Zr as an acid–base bifunctionalized catalyst.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Chen, Aimin,Wang, Houyong,Liu, Rui,Bo, Yingying,Hu, Jun
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p. 1182 - 1193
(2016/07/06)
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- Process for the continuous preparation of hydroxyalkylamides
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Process for the continuous preparation of hydroxyalkylamides Process for the continuous preparation of hydroxyalkylamides from carboxylic esters and alkanolamines, wherein the reaction of the starting materials is carried out in an extruder or intensive mixer by intensive mixing and brief reaction with supply of heat and simultaneous removal of the alcohol formed and the final product is then isolated.
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- Acid-Catalyzed Decomposition of 1-Alkyltriazolines: A Mechanistic Study
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1-Alkyltriazolines are five-membered cyclic triazenes containing the unusual Z-configuration for the triazene moiety.The hydrolytic decomposition of these compounds in aqueous or mixed acetonitrile-aqueous buffers leads predominantly to the formation of the corresponding 1-alkylaziridines and lesser amounts of 2-(alkylamino)ethanols, alkylamines, and acetaldehyde.The latter two products presumably result from hydrolysis of a rearrangement produkt, N-ethylidenealkylamine.Neither the nature of the 1-alkyl group nor the pH of the medium greatly influences the product distribution, although decomposition in purely aqueous buffers slightly reduces the aziridine yields.The rate of hydrolysis of 1-alkyltriazolines is about twice as fast as that of the analogous acyclic 1,3,3-trialkyltriazenes and varies in the order tert-butyl > isopropyl > ethyl > butyl > methyl > propyl > benzyl.The mechanism of the decomposition is specific acid-catalyzed (A1) involving rapid reversible protonation followed by rate-limiting formation of a 2-(alkylamino)ethyldiazonium ion.The slopes of the log kobs versus pH plots are near -1.0.The solvent deuterium isotope effect, kH2O/kD2O, is in all cases methyl > ethyl.
- Smith, Richard H.,Wladkowski, Brian D.,Taylor, Jesse E.,Thompson, Erin J.,Pruski, Brunon,et al.
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p. 2097 - 2103
(2007/10/02)
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- Syntheses of α-C-Functionalized N-Nitrodialkylamines: Esters of methanol and 1-ethanol
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The α-acetoxynitramines 5 and 6 - important derivatives for studying the biological properties of N-nitrodialkylamines 4 - have been synthesized, and the stability of the ester bond has been investigated.The reaction of N-nitroalkylamines 7 with 1-halogenoethyl acetates 9, thought to afford 6, yielded the diazene N-oxides 10 as the main products.
- Plesch, Winfried,Wiessler, Manfred
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p. 1494 - 1503
(2007/10/02)
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