- Herbicidal Ionic Liquids Containing the Acetylcholine Cation
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This study presents a new group of herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) based on a cation occurs commonly in nature?acetylcholine. The HILs were obtained with a high yield through ion exchange between acetylcholine chloride and potassium or sodium salts of selected acids with herbicidal activity. The results of the herbicidal activity measurement against common oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) exceeded those of the commercial products. Spray solutions of the synthesized HILs revealed high surface activity and wetting properties which further manifested as higher herbicidal activity. The reduction of surface tension and low contact angles together with the specific action of acetylcholine allowed for better penetration of synthesized HILs into plant tissues. In addition, OECD 301F tests confirmed high mineralization of the HILs. The simple transformation of commercial herbicides into acetylcholine HILs proved to be a very effective method of increasing their activity, and constitutes an interesting solution to the problem of weed infestation with the use of a substance commonly found in nature.
- Czuryszkiewicz, Daria,Ma?kowiak, Adam,Marcinkowska, Katarzyna,Borkowski, Andrzej,Chrzanowski, ?ukasz,Pernak, Juliusz
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p. 268 - 276
(2019/04/04)
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- Preparation method of phenoxycarboxylate herbicide
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The invention provides a preparation method of a phenoxycarboxylate herbicide, wherein the preparation method includes the steps: S1, carrying out condensation reaction of phenol or o-cresol with chlorocarboxylic ester under the action of alkaline substances to obtain phenoxycarboxylic ester, wherein chlorocarboxylic ester has the general formula of ClR1COOR, R1 is C1-3 alkylene or alkylidene, R is C1-10 alkyl of or C3-10 cycloalkyl; and S2, under the action of a first catalyst and a second catalyst, carrying out selective chlorination of the phenoxycarboxylic ester with a chlorinating agent to obtain the chlorophenoxycarboxylic ester represented by the formula I, R3 is H, Cl or CH3, the first catalyst is selected from Lewis acid, and the second catalyst is selected from C5-22 thioether, thiazole, isothiazole or thiophene compounds; and S3, mixing chlorophenoxycarboxylic ester with an alkaline compound, and carrying out alkaline hydrolysis to obtain the phenoxycarboxylate herbicide. The preparation method can improve the product quality and production operation environment, and has low quantity of three wastes.
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Sheet 0107; 0110
(2019/01/08)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF HERBICIDAL CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
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A process for preparing a herbicidally active carboxylic acid salt is disclosed, the process comprising the steps of: i) combining a carboxylic acid with a high-boiling, water-immiscible organic solvent to obtain a solution or slurry; ii) treating the solution or slurry produced in step (i) with a base to form a carboxylic acid salt; iii) removing solvent from the mixture produced in step (ii) to obtain a carboxylic acid salt cake; and v) drying the cake obtained in step (iii). The process is particularly suitable for preparing a salt of dicamba. A process for preparing dicamba-sodium comprises: (1) dissolving a carboxylic acid consisting essentially of dicamba in a high-boiling water-immiscible inert organic solvent to get a solution or slurry; (2) treating the dicamba solution or slurry in Step 1 with a base selected from sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof, at a molar ratio of 1:0.97±0.6% to form dicamba-sodium; (3) centrifuging the reaction mixture in Step 2 to obtain dicamba-sodium salt cake; and (4) drying the dicamba-sodium cake obtained in Step 3 to get a dry dicamba- sodium consistently having a pH value between about 7 and 10 when dissolved in water.
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Page/Page column 10
(2015/05/19)
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- HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MIXTURE OF A FIRST HERBICIDE AND PINOXADEN
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The invention provides a herbicidal composition comprising a mixture of: (a) a first herbicide being a synthetic auxin herbicide (e.g. dicamba, MCPA or 2,4-D) or an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicide (e.g. triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl, mesosulfuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl, or pyroxsulam); wherein the first herbicide is present in the form of an aluminium salt; wherein the first herbicide is sufficiently acidic, when in a salt-free form, to allow the formation of an aluminium salt thereof; and wherein the first herbicide, when in a salt-free form or when in a non-aluminium salt form, antagonises the herbicidal activity of pinoxaden; and (b) pinoxaden. A further aspect of the invention also provides a method of reducing the antagonistic effect on the control of monocotyledonous weeds in non-oat cereals which is shown by a herbicidal mixture of either a synthetic auxin herbicide with pinoxaden or an ALS inhibitor herbicide with pinoxaden, which comprises applying a herbicidal composition according to the invention. The presence of the first herbicide in the form of an aluminium salt is thought to mitigate the antagonism of the grass-weed-herbicidal activity of pinoxaden which might otherwise occur.
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Page/Page column 34
(2011/10/03)
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- Process for preparing solid, free-flowing water-soluble salts of aryloxy-C1 -C4 -alkanecarboxylic acids
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Process for preparing solid, free-flowing water-soluble salts of aryloxy-C1 -C4 -alkanecarboxylic acids by reacting the aryloxy-C1 -C4 -alkanecarboxylic acids with a salt-forming base, the salt formation taking place in the melt in the presence or absence of an entraining agent suitable for the azeotropic removal of water or in solution in the presence of an entraining agent suitable for the azeotropic removal of water and, if appropriate, removing the entraining agent from the reaction mixture during the reaction or subsequently and then isolating the solid salts in a customary manner.
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