- Anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic and platelet activation evaluation of novel 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole neolignan-celecoxib hybrids
-
This study reports the synthesis of novel neolignans-celecoxib hybrids and the evaluation of their biological activity. Analogs 8–13 (L13-L18) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, inhibited glycoprotein expression (P-selectin) related to platelet activation, and were considered non– ulcerogenic in the animal model, even with the administration of 10 times higher than the dose used in reference therapy. In silico drug-likeness showed that the analogs are compliant with Lipinski's rule of five. A molecular docking study showed that the hybrids 8–13 (L13-L18) fitted similarly with celecoxib in the COX-2 active site. According to this data, it is possible to infer that extra hydrophobic interactions and the hydrogen interactions with the triazole core may improve the selectivity towards the COX-2 active site. Furthermore, the molecular docking study with P-selectin showed the binding affinity of the analogs in the active site, performing important interactions with amino acid residues such as Tyr 48. Whereas the P-selectin is a promising target to the design of new anti-inflammatory drugs with antithrombotic properties, a distinct butterfly-like structure of 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole neolignan-celecoxib hybrids synthesized in this work may be a safer alternative to the traditional COX-2 inhibitors.
- Baroni, Adriano C. M.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Carvalho, Maria G.,Cassamale, Tatiana B.,Duarte, Rita C. F.,Felipe, Josyelen L.,Louren?o, Leticia D.,Toffoli-Kadri, Monica C.,das Neves, Amarith R.
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-
- Iron-Catalyzed Tertiary Alkylation of Terminal Alkynes with 1,3-Diesters via a Functionalized Alkyl Radical
-
Direct oxidative C(sp)?H/C(sp3)?H cross-coupling offers an ideal and environmentally benign protocol for C(sp)?C(sp3) bond formations. As such, reactivity and site-selectivity with respect to C(sp3)?H bond cleavage have remained a persistent challenge. Herein is reported a simple method for iron-catalyzed/silver-mediated tertiary alkylation of terminal alkynes with readily available and versatile 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The reaction is suitable for an array of substrates and proceeds in a highly selective manner even employing alkanes containing other tertiary, benzylic, and C(sp3)?H bonds alpha to heteroatoms. Elaboration of the products enables the synthesis of a series of versatile building blocks. Control experiments implicate the in situ generation of a tertiary carbon-centered radical species.
- Tian, Ming-Qing,Shen, Zhen-Yao,Zhao, Xuefei,Walsh, Patrick J.,Hu, Xu-Hong
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p. 9706 - 9711
(2021/03/19)
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- Zinc(ii)-catalyzed intramolecular hydroarylation-redox cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N -propargylanilines with diverse carbon pronucleophiles: Facile access to functionalized tetrahydroquinolines
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Zinc(ii)-catalyzed intramolecular hydroarylation-redox cross-dehydrogenative coupling of N-propargylanilines with two types of carbon pronucleophiles (nitromethane as a sp3 carbon pronucleophile and phenylacetylenes as sp carbon pronucleophiles) proceeded to give the 2-substituted tetrahydroquinolines in good yields with 100percent atomic utilization without any additional external oxidants.
- Li, Guangzhe,Wang, Chengdong,Li, Yueqing,Shao, Kun,Yu, Guo,Wang, Shisheng,Guo, Xiuhan,Zhao, Weijie,Nakamura, Hiroyuki
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p. 7333 - 7336
(2020/07/23)
-
- Design, synthesis, antileishmanial, and antifungal biological evaluation of novel 3,5-disubstituted isoxazole compounds based on 5-nitrofuran scaffolds
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Nineteen 3,5-disubstituted-isoxazole analogs were synthesized based on nitrofuran scaffolds, by a [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between terminal acetylenes and 5-nitrofuran chloro-oxime. The compounds were obtained in moderate to very good yields (45–91%). The antileishmanial activity was assayed against the promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Alkylchlorinated compounds 14p–r were active on both the promastigote and amastigote forms, with emphasis on compound 14p, which showed strong activity against the amastigote form (IC50 = 0.6 μM and selectivity index [SI] = 5.2). In the alkyl series, compound 14o stands out with an IC50 = 8.5 μM and SI = 8.0 on the amastigote form. In the aromatic series, the most active compounds were those containing electron-donor groups, such as trimethoxy isoxazole 14g (IC50 = 1.2 μM and SI = 20.2); compound 14h, with IC50 = 7.0 μM and SI = 6.1; and compound 14j containing the 4-SCH3 group, with IC50 = 5.7 μM and SI = 10.2. In addition, the antifungal activity of 19 nitrofuran isoxazoles was evaluated against five strains of Candida (C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata). Eleven isoxazole derivatives were active against C. parapsilosis, and compound 14o was found to be the most active (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 3.4 μM) for this strain. Compound 14p was active against all the strains tested, with an MIC = 17.5 μM for C. glabrata, lower than that of the fluconazole used as the reference drug.
- Trefzger, Ozildéia S.,Barbosa, Natália V.,Scapolatempo, Renata L.,das Neves, Amarith R.,Ortale, Maria L. F. S.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Honorato, Ant?nio M.,Fragoso, Mariana R.,Shuiguemoto, Cristiane Y. K.,Perdomo, Renata T.,Matos, Maria F. C.,Chang, Marilene R.,Arruda, Carla C. P.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.
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-
- Design, synthesis and antitrypanosomatid activities of 3,5-diaryl-isoxazole analogues based on neolignans veraguensin, grandisin and machilin G
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Using bioisosterism as a medicinal chemistry tool, 16 3,5-diaryl-isoxazole analogues of the tetrahydrofuran neolignans veraguensin, grandisin and machilin G were synthesized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, with yields from 43% to 90%. Antitrypanosomatid activities were evaluated against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) braziliensis. All compounds were selective for the Leishmania genus and inactive against T.?cruzi. Isoxazole analogues showed a standard activity on both promastigotes of L.?amazonensis and L.?braziliensis. The most active compounds were 15, 16 and 19 with IC50 values of 2.0, 3.3 and 9.5?μM against L.?amazonensis and IC50 values of 1.2, 2.1 and 6.4?μM on L.?braziliensis, respectively. All compounds were noncytotoxic, showing lower cytotoxicity (>250?μM) than pentamidine (78.9?μM). Regarding the structure–activity relationship (SAR), the methylenedioxy group was essential to antileishmanial activity against promastigotes. Replacement of the tetrahydrofuran nucleus by an isoxazole core improved the antileishmanial activity.
- Trefzger, Ozildéia S.,das Neves, Amarith R.,Barbosa, Natália V.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Pereira, Indiara C.,Perdomo, Renata T.,Matos, Maria F. C.,Yoshida, Nidia C.,Kato, Massuo J.,de Albuquerque, Sérgio,Arruda, Carla C. P.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.
-
p. 313 - 324
(2018/11/30)
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- One-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiyne derivatives and their application in the synthesis of unsymmetrical 2,5-diarylthiophenes
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A one-pot protocol was developed for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiynes. The procedure is based on two sequential reactions: deprotection of R–C≡C–C≡C– C(Me)2OH derivatives in a retro-Favorskii reaction to furnish a terminal 1,3-butadiyne compound, which reacted with aryl iod-ides in a Sonogashira-type cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by Pd(PPh3)4 and CuI, using TBAOH as activator and toluene as solvent under reflux for 10 min. We also studied in situ thiocycli-zation of 1,3-butadiynes, leading to unsymmetrical 2,5-diaryl-thiophenes. The principal features of this method are operational simplicity, good substrate scope, very fast reaction, and high yields.
- Andrade, Camila B.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Trefzger, Ozildéia S.,Kassab, Najla M.,Guerrero, Palimécio G.,Barbosa, Sandro L.,Shiguemoto, Cristiane Y. K.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.
-
supporting information
p. 696 - 704
(2019/01/04)
-
- Method for synthesizing alkyne through catalytic asymmetric cross coupling (by machine translation)
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The invention belongs to the field of, asymmetric synthesis, and discloses a method for catalyzing asymmetric cross- coupling to synthesize: an alkyne, and the L method comprises, the following steps, of A: preparing B a cuprous, salt and C a: ligand; preparing a catalyst; adding a base; reacting the compound with the compound with the compound; and reacting the compound with the compound. Of these, one of them, X is selected from the group consisting of, R halogens. 1 Optionally substituted heteroarylsulfonylcyanamide groups selected from the, group consisting, of optionally substituted, phenyl groups In-flight vehicle, R6 Trialkyl silyl groups or alkyl radicals, R2 Cycloalkyl radicals optionally substituted with an, optionally substituted alkyl, (CH radical2 )n R4 Multi,layer chain, n=0-10,R saw blade4 A group selected, from, the group consisting of phenyl, alkenyl, aralkynyls, noonyloxy,and, noonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulfonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylsulphonylphenyl disiloxy-radicals. R3 A ligand, selected from hydrogen or any of the functional groups, is selected from the group consisting of, hydrogen and any L other functional group. The method, R disclosed by the, A invention has the, advantages of good catalytic, R ’ effect, wide application range. and high catalytic efficiency, and the, method disclosed by the, invention has the. advantages of good catalytic effect, wide application range and high catalytic efficiency. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0171-0173; 0175-0177; 00178-0179
(2020/01/12)
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- Copper-Mediated Deacylative Coupling of Ynones via C-C Bond Activation under Mild Conditions
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The intermolecular deacylative coupling of unstrained ynones via C-C bond activation was accomplished by a CuCl-bpy system under mild reaction conditions. This protocol features facile cleavage of the C-C bond at room temperature, broad substrate scope, and efficient construction of important symmetric and unsymmetrical 1,3-diyne adducts through homo or cross coupling of ynones, respectively. The preliminary mechanistic investigations indicated that an acyl copper(III) complex is likely involved in this process.
- Feng, Lili,Hu, Tingjun,Zhang, Saisai,Xiong, Heng-Ying,Zhang, Guangwu
-
supporting information
p. 9487 - 9492
(2019/12/02)
-
- COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention features compounds useful in the treatment of neurological disorders. The compounds of the invention, alone or in combination with other pharmaceutically active agents, can be used for treating or preventing neurological disorders.
- -
-
Paragraph 1211
(2019/11/11)
-
- SO2F2-Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenation and Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkynes
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Direct synthesis of alkynes from inexpensive, abundant alcohols was achieved in high yields (greater than 40 examples, up to 95% yield) through a SO2F2-promoted dehydration and dehydrogenation process. This straightforward transformation of sp3-sp3 (C-C) bonds to sp-sp (C=C) bonds requires only inexpensive and readily available reagents (no transition metals) under mild conditions. The crude alkynes are sufficiently free of impurities to permit direct use in further transformations, as illustrated by regioselective Huisgen alkyne-azide cycloaddition reactions with PhN3 to give 1,4-substituted 1,2,3-traiazoles (16 examples, up to 92% yield) and Sonogashira couplings (10 examples, up to 77% yield).
- Zha, Gao-Feng,Fang, Wan-Yin,Li, You-Gui,Leng, Jing,Chen, Xing,Qin, Hua-Li
-
supporting information
p. 17666 - 17673
(2019/01/04)
-
- INDOLINONE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF MATERNAL EMBRYONIC LEUCINE ZIPPER KINASE
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The present disclosure relates to indolinone compounds, compositions, and methods for the inhibition of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK). The present disclosure further relates to indolinone compounds, compositions, and methods for the treatment or prevention of a cancer (for example, triple negative breast cancer).
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-
- Novel method for preparing decumbenine B
-
The invention provides a novel method for preparing a natural compound decumbenine B. The method comprises the following steps: (i) enabling a compound shown as a formula 4 and a compound shown as a formula 5 to be in contact under a condition suitable for carbon-carbon coupling, so as to generate a compound shown as a formula 3; (ii) carrying out cyclization on the compound shown as the formula 3and ammonium acetate under a suitable condition, so as to generate a compound 2; (iii) enabling the compound shown as the formula 2 and paraformaldehyde to react under the suitable condition, so as to generate the compound decumbenine B shown as a formula 1. (The formula 5, the formula 4, the formula 3, the formula 2 and the formula 1 are shown in the description.).
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- SELECTIVE ALPHA-7 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING THEM
-
In alternative embodiments, provided are selective agonists having a high affinity for the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), assays for selectivity of nicotinic receptor subtype and ligand-gated ion channel subtype based on receptor occupation and response, behavioral assessments for reversing cognitive impairment after scopolamine treatment, enhancing memory retention over time, pharmaceutical compositions and formulations and devices comprising them, and methods for making and using them, including characterizing and efficiently assaying them for receptor subtype selectivity. In alternative embodiments, provided are substituted anti 1,2,3-triazoles compounds with high affinity, and selective binding, for the alpha7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), as exemplified by 5-(1-(2-(Piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1H-indole (“IND1”), 5-((quinuclid-3-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1H-indole (“IND8”) and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl) quinuclidine (“QND8”). In alternative embodiments, provided are products of manufacture such as pumps, devices, syringes and the like comprising a compound, pharmaceutical composition or formulation as provided herein.
- -
-
Paragraph 0211; 0212
(2018/09/16)
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- Efficient one-pot synthesis of 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides from aldehydes and ketones by the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction
-
A variety of 2-monosubstituted and 2,2-disubstituted 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides was synthesized through a one-pot procedure by the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of carbonyl compounds with [chloro(diethoxyphosphoryl)(p-tolylsulfinyl)methyl]lithium, which was generated from diethyl chlorophosphate, chloromethyl p-tolyl sulfoxide, and lithium diisopropylamide in advance. The in situ-prepared sulfoxides were directly converted into alkynes via the sulfoxide/magnesium exchange reaction with i-PrMgCl and the subsequent Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell rearrangement of the resulting magnesium alkylidene carbenoids.
- Kimura, Tsutomu,Kobayashi, Gen,Ijima, Shiori,Saito, Sae,Imafuji, Aki,Satoh, Tsuyoshi
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- Palladium-catalyzed tandem C-H functionalization/cyclization strategy for the synthesis of 5-hydroxybenzofuran derivatives
-
A palladium-catalyzed benzoquinone C-H functionalization/ cyclization strategy with terminal alkynes was employed for the synthesis of some biologically relevant 2, 3-disubstituted 5-hydroxybenzofuran derivatives. The benzoquinone acts as a reactant as well as an oxidant. During the process, an additional alkyne functionality can be introduced at the C3 position of the benzofuran. Base, ligand, and external oxidant are not required in this protocol.
- Ichake, Sachin S.,Konala, Ashok,Kavala, Veerababurao,Kuo, Chun-Wei,Yao, Ching-Fa
-
supporting information
p. 54 - 57
(2017/11/28)
-
- Iron-Catalyzed Radical Decarboxylative Oxyalkylation of Terminal Alkynes with Alkyl Peroxides
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An iron-catalyzed oxyalkylation of alkynes with alkyl peroxides as the alkylating reagents has been investigated. Alkyl peroxides are readily available from aliphatic acids and serve simultaneously as the alkylating reagents and internal oxidants. Primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups of aliphatic acids were readily incorporated into C?C triple bonds and diverse α-alkylated ketones were synthesized. Mechanism studies revealed that this reaction involves highly reactive alkyl free radicals. A unique equilibrium between lauric acid and water catalyzed by the iron(III) catalyst was observed.
- Zhu, Xiaotao,Ye, Changqing,Li, Yajun,Bao, Hongli
-
supporting information
p. 10254 - 10258
(2017/08/07)
-
- Antileishmanial activity and structure-activity relationship of triazolic compounds derived from the neolignans grandisin, veraguensin, and machilin G
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Sixteen 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole compounds 4-19 derived from the tetrahydrofuran neolignans veraguensin 1, grandisin 2, and machilin G 3 were tested against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis intracellular amastigotes. Triazole compounds 4-19 were synthetized via Click Chemistry strategy by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between terminal acetylenes and aryl azides containing methoxy and methylenedioxy groups as substituents. Our results suggest that most derivatives were active against intracellular amastigotes, with IC50 values ranging from 4.4 to 32.7 μM. The index of molecular hydrophobicity (ClogP) ranged from 2.8 to 3.4, reflecting a lipophilicity/hydrosolubility rate suitable for transport across membranes, which may have resulted in the potent antileishmanial activity observed. Regarding structure-activity relationship (SAR), compounds 14 and 19, containing a trimethoxy group, were the most active (IC50 values of 5.6 and 4.4 μM, respectively), with low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells (SI = 14.1 and 10.6). These compounds induced nitric oxide production by the host macrophage cells, which could be suggested as the mechanism involved in the intracellular killing of parasites. These results would be useful for the planning of new derivatives with higher antileishmanial activities.
- Costa, Eduarda C.,Cassamale, Tatiana B.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Bosquiroli, Lauriane S. S.,Ojeda, Mariáh,Ximenes, Thalita V.,Matos, Maria F. C.,Kadri, M?nica C. T.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.,Arruda, Carla C. P.
-
-
- Synthesis and Antitrypanosomastid Activity of 1,4-Diaryl-1,2,3-triazole Analogues of Neolignans Veraguensin, Grandisin and Machilin G
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Sixteen 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole compounds derived from the natural products veraguensin, grandisin and machilin G were synthesized, with yields of 78-92percent. Biological activity tests against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes showed that three of these compounds were the most active, with maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of 1.1, 3.71 and 7.23 μM. One compound was highly active against Leishmania infantum, with an IC50 value of 5.2 μM, and one derivative showed an IC50 value of 28.6 μM against Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes. Regarding structureactivity relationship (SAR), hybrid 1,2,3-triazolic compounds containing a methylenedioxy group, showed the best antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities.
- Cassamale, Tatiana B.,Costa, Eduarda C.,Carvalho, Diego B.,Cassemiro, Nadla S.,Tomazela, Carolina C.,Marques, Maria C. S.,Ojeda, Mariáh,Matos, Maria F. C.,Albuquerque, Sérgio,Arruda, Carla C. P.,Baroni, Adriano C. M.
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p. 1217 - 1228
(2016/08/25)
-
- Design, synthesis, and evaluation of hinge-binder tethered 1,2,3-triazolylsalicylamide derivatives as Aurora kinase inhibitors
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A series of hinge-binder tethered 1,2,3-triazolylsalicylamide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for the Aurora kinase inhibitory activities. The novel hinge-binder tethered 1,2,3-triazolylsalicylamide scaffold was effectively assembled by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC). A variety of alkynes with hinge binders were used to search proper structures-binding relationship to the hinge region. The synthesized 1,2,3-triazolylsalicylamide derivatives showed significant Aurora kinase inhibitory activity. In particular, 8a inhibited Aurora A kinase with an IC50 value of 0.284 μM, whereas 8m inhibited Aurora B kinase with an IC50 value of 0.364 μM.
- Jeong, Yunkyung,Lee, Jooyeon,Ryu, Jae-Sang
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p. 2114 - 2124
(2016/04/20)
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- Direct access to α-trifluoromethyl enones via efficient copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylation of meyer-schuster rearrangement
-
A novel domino copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylated Meyer-Schuster rearrangement reaction with Togni's reagent was developed, leading to α-trifluormethyl (CF3) enone products with moderate to good yields. Furthermore, α-CF3 enones can be transformed toward important trifluoromethyl heterocyclic motifs in a one-pot version.
- Xiong, Ya-Ping,Wu, Ming-Yue,Zhang, Xiang-Yu,Ma, Can-Liang,Huang, Lin,Zhao, Li-Jiao,Tan, Bin,Liu, Xin-Yuan
-
supporting information
p. 1000 - 1003
(2014/03/21)
-
- Autotandem catalysis: Synthesis of pyrroles by gold-catalyzed cascade reaction
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A novel synthesis of substituted pyrroles by a gold(I)-catalyzed cascade reaction has been developed. The reaction proceeded with an autotandem catalysis consisting of an initial addition of gold-acetylide to an acetal moiety and was followed by gold-catalyzed 5-endo-dig cyclization and aromatization. Gold catalysts play a dual role in activating nucleophilicity or electrophilicity of terminal acetylenes by forming gold-acetylides or by π-coordination. The formal (3 + 2) annulation of two components provided a variety of substituted pyrroles in a modular fashion.
- Ueda, Hirofumi,Yamaguchi, Minami,Kameya, Hiroshi,Sugimoto, Kenji,Tokuyama, Hidetoshi
-
supporting information
p. 4948 - 4951
(2015/04/27)
-
- Intramolecular dehydro-diels-alder reaction affords selective entry to arylnaphthalene or aryldihydronaphthalene lignans
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Intramolecular dehydro-Diels-Alder (DDA) reactions are performed affording arylnaphthalene or aryldihydronaphthalene lactones selectively as determined by choice of reaction solvent. This constitutes the first report of an entirely selective formation of arylnaphthalene lactones utilizing DDA reactions of styrene-ynes. The synthetic utility of the DDA reaction is demonstrated by the synthesis of taiwanin C, retrohelioxanthin, justicidin B, isojusticidin B, and their dihydronaphthalene derivatives. Computational methods for chemical shift assignment are presented that allow for regioisomeric lignans to be distinguished.
- Kocsis, Laura S.,Brummond, Kay M.
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p. 4158 - 4161
(2014/09/29)
-
- A novel consecutive reaction of lithium acetylides with 2-aryl-1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides leading to the formation of (Z)-enediynes
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The reaction of (E)-2-aryl-1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides with lithium acetylides gave a variety of (Z)-3-arylhex-3-ene-1,5-diynes in yields of up to 80% with high stereoselectivity. The structure of the (Z)-enediyne was confirmed by X-ray molecular structure analysis. The result of the reaction with deuterium- and 13C-labeled sulfoxide suggested that the reaction proceeds through cleavage of the C-H bond at the β-position of the 2-aryl-1-chlorovinyl unit in sulfoxide.
- Kimura, Tsutomu,Nishimura, Yuka,Ishida, Naoyuki,Momochi, Hitoshi,Yamashita, Hironori,Satoh, Tsuyoshi
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p. 1049 - 1051
(2013/05/08)
-
- One-pot, two-step conversion of aldehydes to phosphonyl- and sulfonylpyrazoles using Bestmann-Ohira reagent
-
A one-pot, two-step, three-component method for the conversion of commercially available aldehydes to phosphonylpyrazoles has been developed, demonstrating, for the first time, the dual reactivity of the Bestmann-Ohira reagent (BOR) in a single-pot transformation. This method, extended to the synthesis of sulfonylpyrazoles by employing BOR in the first step and a diazomethyl sulfone in the second step, is complementary, with regard to regioselectivity, to the previous methods for the synthesis of such functionalized pyrazoles.
- Kumar, Rahul,Verma, Deepti,Mobin, Shaikh M.,Namboothiri, Irishi N. N.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4070 - 4073
(2012/09/21)
-
- Palladium(II)-catalyzed enyne cyclization strategies toward the podophyllotoxin ring system
-
A functionally enriched ABCD ring system of podophyllotoxin was generated through Pd(II)-templated cyclization of an alkynoic alkene, prepared in five steps from commercially available 6-bromopiperonal. This research expands upon the recent carboesterification methodology of Dong et al. (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9690-9692) by the application of PdCl2(MeCN) 2, LiCl, and CuCl2 conditions, which yielded the desired podophyllotoxin scaffold with an embedded vinyl chloride moiety. Likewise, these conditions were successfully applied to a propargylic alkene prepared in three steps from 6-bromopiperonal. The resulting product contains the ABCD ring system of podophyllotoxin, but substitutes a D-ring furan for the D-ring lactone. Application of the recent methodology of Lu et al. (J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 1160-1169) on a related 1,6-enyne substrate led to functionalized α-methylene γ-butyrolactones instead (Pd2(dba) 3·CHCl3, LiBr, and CuBr2). The latter conditions applied to an alkynoic alkene afforded the ABCD ring system of podophyllotoxin with a vinyl bromide group. These vinyl halides allow for derivatization at a critical juncture in order to access novel podophyllotoxin analogs.
- Abrams, Jason N.,Zhao, Qi,Ghiviriga, Ion,Minaruzzaman
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p. 423 - 428
(2012/01/06)
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- Cs2CO3-mediated synthesis of terminal alkynes from 1,1-dibromo-1-alkenes
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An unprecedented route to prepare terminal alkynes from 1,1-dibromo-1-alkenes mediated by Cs2CO3 was proven. 1,1-Dibromo-1-alkenes bearing various functional groups were efficiently converted to corresponding terminal alkynes in moderate to excellent yields.
- Zhao, Ming,Kuang, Chunxiang,Yang, Qing,Cheng, Xuezhi
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scheme or table
p. 992 - 994
(2011/03/22)
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- A concise route to dihydrobenzo[b]furans: Formal total synthesis of (+)-lithospermic acid
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A sequence of Sonogashira coupling, Pd(II)-catalyzed carbonylative annulation, and benzofuran reduction (Mg, MeOH, NH4Cl) provides a convergent and modular synthetic route to trans-2-aryl-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b]furan- 3-carboxylates, which are a structural feature of numerous biologically active natural products. This versatile strategy was applied to the formal total synthesis of the anti-HIV natural product (+)-lithospermic acid.
- Fischer, Joshua,Savage, G. Paul,Coster, Mark J.
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supporting information; body text
p. 3376 - 3379
(2011/09/12)
-
- Functionalization of Csp3-H bond-Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed domino 1,5-hydride shift/cyclization/Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction of benzylidene Meldrum's acids
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Under Sc(OTf)3 catalysis, benzylidene Meldrum's acids bearing a tethered p-methoxyphenethyl group were observed to undergo a [1,5]-hydride shift/cyclization at room temperature, representing a mild Csp3-H bond functionalization. The resulting spiro Meldrum's acid intermediates then underwent intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation, completing the one-pot, domino reaction. The reported protocol generates the 6-6-5-6 tetracyclic core of tetrahydrobenzo[b]fluoren-11-ones.
- Mahoney, Stuart J.,Moon, David T.,Hollinger, Jon,Fillion, Eric
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4706 - 4709
(2011/03/18)
-
- Thieme Chemistry Journal Awardees - Where are they now? A general one-step synthesis of alkynes from enolisable carbonyl compounds
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Terminal and internal acetylenes were obtained in good to excellent isolated yields from carbonyl compounds by converting the carbonyl functionality into the enol nonaflate intermediate followed by elimination to give the C-C triple bond. The one-pot transformations were uniformly induced by phosphazene bases combined with mildly electrophilic nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonyl fluoride. The method is the most general among those reported to date as it applies to both acyclic ketones and aldehydes. Only moderate kinetic regioselectivity in favour of alk-1-yne achieved from methyl n-alkyl ketone represents a limitation of the method. In all the other instances, individual acetylenic products were obtained. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Lyapkalo, Ilya M.,Vogel, Michael A. K.,Boltukhina, Ekaterina V.,Vav?ík, Ji?í
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scheme or table
p. 558 - 561
(2009/07/09)
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- Synthesis of cicerfuran, an antifungal benzofuran, and some related analogues
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Routes were investigated for the synthesis of cicerfuran, a hydroxylated benzofuran from wild chickpea implicated in resistance to Fusarium wilt, and some of its analogues. A novel method is described for the synthesis of oxygenated benzofurans by epoxidation and cyclisation of 2′-hydroxystilbenes. The stilbene intermediates required could be synthesised by palladium-catalysed coupling of styrenes with mono-oxygenated aryl halides but not with di-oxygenated aryl halides. Stilbenes corresponding to the latter were synthesised by Wittig reactions.
- Aslam, Shazia N.,Stevenson, Philip C.,Phythian, Sara J.,Veitch, Nigel C.,Hall, David R.
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p. 4214 - 4226
(2007/10/03)
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- 1H-IMIDAZO[4,5-C]QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF PROTEIN KINASE DEPENDENT DISEASES
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The invention relates to the use of imidazoquinolines and salts thereof in the treatment of protein kinase diseases and for the manufacture of pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of said diseases, imidazoquinolines for use in the treatment of protein kinase dependent diseases, a method of treatment against said diseases, comprising administering the imidazoquinolines to a warm-blooded animal, especially a human, pharmaceutical preparations comprising an imidazoquinoline, especially for the treatment of a protein kinase dependent disease, novel imidazoquinolines, and a process for the preparation of the novel imidazoquinolines.
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Page/Page column 67
(2010/02/12)
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- ANTIBACTERIAL BENZOIC ACID DERIVATIVES
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The invention provides antimicrobial agents and methods of using the agents for sterilization, sanitation, antisepsis, disinfection, and treatment of infections in mammals.
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- Reaction of magnesium alkylidene carbenoids with lithium α-sulfonyl carbanions: A novel synthesis of tri- and tetra-substituted allenes from 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides and sulfones
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Treatment of 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides, which were synthesized from ketones and chloromethyl p-tolyl sulfoxide, with ethylmagnesium chloride or isopropylmagnesium chloride at below -78°C gave magnesium alkylidene carbenoids in about 90% yields. The reaction of the generated carbenoids with lithium α-sulfonyl carbanions was found to afford tri- and tetra-substituted allenes. Both cyclic ketones and acyclic ketones were useful in this procedure. However, the 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides derived from aldehydes gave only rearranged products, acetylenes, under the reaction conditions. The magnesium alkylidene carbenoid derived from an optically active 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxide was treated with lithium α-carbanion of 1-naphthyl phenyl sulfone; however, the obtained allene was found to be racemic. The mechanism of this reaction is also discussed.
- Satoh, Tsuyoshi,Sakamoto, Tatsuya,Watanabe, Masanori,Takano, Koji
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p. 966 - 970
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted indoles and their use as integrin antagonists
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The present invention relates to novel substituted indole compounds that are antagonists of alpha V (αv) integrins, for example αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. The compounds may be used in the treatment of pathological conditions mediated by αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins, including such conditions as tumor growth, metastasis, restenosis, osteoporosis, inflammation, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. The compounds have the general formula: where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, D, X, W, a, m, n, i, j, k and v are defined herein.
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- A novel synthesis of allenes by alkenylation of magnesium alkylidene carbenoids with lithium α-sulfonyl carbanions
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Treatment of magnesium alkylidene carbenoids, which were generated from 1-chlorovinyl p-tolyl sulfoxides with a Grignard reagent by sulfoxide-magnesium exchange, with lithium α-sulfonyl carbanions gave allenes in moderate to good yields. This procedure offers a novel synthetic method for allenes with three-component coupling in relatively short steps.
- Satoh, Tsuyoshi,Sakamoto, Tatsuya,Watanabe, Masanori
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p. 2043 - 2046
(2007/10/03)
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- UROKINASE INHIBITORS
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Disclosed are benzothiophene and thienothiophene derivatives useful for inhibiting urokinase activity.
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- Approach to 6a-epipretazettine and 6a-epiprecriwelline via an intramolecular 2-azaallyl anion cycloaddition reaction
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An intramolecular 2-azaallyl anion cycloaddition with a diene produced the 2,3,4,6,7,7a-hexahydroindole 33 with complete control of relative stereochemistry, thus providing the first example of the use of such a cycloaddition in an approach to a relatively complex target molecule. The 2-azaallyl anion was generated by tin-lithium exchange of the (2-azaallyl)stannane 32. The stannane was prepared by a convergent route using a Stille coupling of the vinyl bromide 14 with the vinylstannane 28, providing the diene 29. An unexpected isomerization occurred in the Stille coupling. Transformation of the cycloadduct 33 to the allylic methyl ethers 36 and 37 produced potential precursors of 6a-epiprecriwelline (4) and 6a-epipretazettine (3), respectively. The inability to carry out an oxidative desilylation thwarted the completion of the syntheses of these alkaloids.
- Pearson,Postich
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p. 5662 - 5671
(2007/10/02)
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- Insecticidal benzofuran derivatives
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A compound of the formula STR1 wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl of up to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl of up to 8 carbon atoms, optionally substituted aryl of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally substituted aralkyl of 7 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally substituted benzoyl and optionally substituted heterocycle, the optional substituents being at least one member of the group consisting of halogen, phenoxy, thiazolyl, alkyl and alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and haloalkyl, Alk1 and Alk2 are individually optionally substituted alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is --O-- or --S-- and R' is hydrogen or halogen in any position on the phenyl and the geometry of the double bond is E or Z or a mixture of E and Z and having useful pesticidal properties.
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- Approaches to 2,6-Diaryl-3,7-DioxabicycloOctane Lignans via Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydro- and Tetrahydro-furan Derivatives
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Cyclisation of chiral non-racemic phenylsulphonylvinyl epoxy ethers, produced using the Sharpless epoxidation reaction, has been used to prepare a series of enantiomerically enriched 2-aryl-4-(α-hydroxybenzyl)-4,5-dihydrofuran derivatives.Reduction of these compounds using triethylsilane and BF3-diethyl ether gave the corresponding tetrahydrofuran derivatives stereoselectively.Attempts to convert either the dihydro- or tetrahydro-furan derivatives into lignans belonging to the 2,6-diaryl-3,7-dioxabicyclooctane series so far proved unsuccessful.
- Pelter, Andrew,Ward, Robert S.,Little, Gillian M.
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p. 2775 - 2790
(2007/10/02)
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- A convenient synthesis of 1-bromoolefins and acetylenes by a chain extension of aldehydes
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Aldehydes are easily converted to 1-bromoolefins or terminal acetylenes by the use of Wittig reaction of bromomethylenetriphenylphosphorane which is prepared from bromomethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide with potassium tert-butoxide.
- Matsumoto, Masakatsu,Kuroda, Keiko
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p. 4021 - 4024
(2007/10/02)
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