- A tandem radical addition/cyclization process of 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and methyl acrylate
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Benzindolizidine systems are generated in moderate yields by a hexabutylditin mediated consecutive radical addition, cyclization, oxidation process from 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and methyl acrylate. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Miranda, Luis D.,Cruz-Almanza, Raymundo,Pavón, Miriam,Romero, Yeni,Muchowski, Joseph M.
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- Discovery of unique thiazolidinone-conjugated coumarins as novel broad spectrum antibacterial agents
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Unique coumarin conjugates with thiazolidinone as novel structural antibacterial modulators were exploited to combat the lethal multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Bioactivity evaluation identified that indole-incorporated coumarin thiazolidinone conjugate 14a with low cytotoxicity to mammalian cells showed a broad antibacterial spectrum and exerted potent inhibition efficiencies to the tested germs at low concentrations (0.25–2 μg/mL). Moreover, the favorable performance of 14a in eradicating bacterial biofilm was beneficial to avert developing drug resistance. Mechanistic explorations revealed that molecule 14a was able to destroy cell membrane, leading to the leakage of intracellular materials and metabolism inhibition. The accumulation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by compound 14a could impede glutathione (GSH) activity and induce lipid peroxidation to suppress bacteria growth. Furthermore, compound 14a could not only intercalate into DNA base pair but also take part in non-covalent interaction with DNA gyrase B to hinder their biological function. Quantum chemical study indicated that molecule 14a had low HOMO-LUMO energy gap, which resulted in more stabilizing interactions and was conducive to displaying better antibacterial activity. ADMET analysis manifested that 14a possessed promising pharmacokinetic properties.
- Geng, Rong-Xia,Kumar, Kannekanti Vijaya,Li, Shuo,Yang, Xun-Cai,Zhang, Peng-Li,Zhou, Cheng-He
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- Recyclable and reusablen-Bu4NBF4/PEG-400/H2O system for electrochemical C-3 formylation of indoles with Me3N as a carbonyl source
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A safe, practical and eco-friendly electrochemical methodology for the synthesis of 3-formylated indoles has been developed by the utilization of Me3N as a novel formylating reagent. Stoichiometric oxidants, metal catalysts, and activating agents were avoided in this method, and an aqueous biphasic system ofn-Bu4NBF4/PEG-400/H2O was used as a recyclable and reusable reaction medium, which made this electrosynthesis approach more sustainable and environmentally friendly. This process expanded the substrate scope and functional group tolerance for bothN-EDG andN-EWG indoles. Furthermore, late-stage functionalization and total/formal synthesis of drugs and natural products were realized by means of this route.
- Cheng, Didi,Li, Jingyi,Li, Yujin,Ling, Fei,Liu, Lei,Liu, Tao,Zhong, Weihui
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supporting information
p. 4107 - 4113
(2021/06/17)
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- Novel chalcone-conjugated, multi-flexible end-group coumarin thiazole hybrids as potential antibacterial repressors against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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The increasing resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics has led to a growing effort to design and synthesize novel structural candidates of chalcone-conjugated, multi-flexible end-group coumarin thiazole hybrids with
- Hu, Yuanyuan,Hu, Chunfang,Pan, Guangxing,Yu, Congwei,Ansari, Mohammad Fawad,Yadav Bheemanaboina, Rammohan R.,Cheng, Yu,Zhou, Chenghe,Zhang, Jiaheng
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-substituted indole-thiazolidinedione analogues as potential pancreatic lipase inhibitors
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Pancreatic Lipase (PL) is a key enzyme responsible for the digestion of 50%–70% of dietary triglycerides, hence its inhibition is considered as a viable approach for the management of obesity. A series of indole-TZD hybrid analogues were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their PL inhibitory activity. Knoevenagel condensation of various substituted indole-3-carboxaldehyde with substituted thiazolidinediones resulted in the formation of titled analogues. Analogues 6d and 6e exerted potent PL inhibitory activity (IC50-6.19 and 8.96?μM, respectively). Further, these analogues exerted a competitive mode of PL inhibition. Moreover, molecular modelling studies were in agreement with the in vitro results (Pearson's r?=.8682, p?.05). The fluorescence spectroscopic analysis further supported the strong binding affinity of these analogues with PL. A molecular dynamics study (20?ns) indicated that these analogues were stable in a dynamic environment. Thus, the present study highlighted the potential role of indole-thiazolidinedione hybrid analogues as potential PL inhibitors and further optimization might result in the development of new PL inhibitory lead candidates.
- George, Ginson,Auti, Prashant S.,Paul, Atish T.
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- Synthesis, antimycobacterial and anticancer activity of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazones
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Based on the structural elements of bioactive indole-based compounds, a series of novel 1-substituted indole-3-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones were synthesized as potential antimycobacterial and anticancer agents. The derivatives were prepared via a two
- Mashayekhi, Vida,Haj Mohammad Ebrahim Tehrani, Kamaleddin,Azerang, Parisa,Sardari, Soroush,Kobarfard, Farzad
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of sorafenib derivatives containing indole (ketone) semicarbazide analogs as antitumor agents
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A series of new sorafenib derivatives was designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activity of the synthesized compounds against human lung cancer cell (A549), human pancreatic cancer cell (PC-3), human leukemia cell (K562), and human hepatoma cell (SMMC-7721) was evaluated by MTT assay. The results revealed that several compounds displayed more significant antitumor activities than commercial anticancer agent sorafenib against SMMC-7721. In addition, compounds 7a, 7g, 7l, 7m, and 7p represented obvious growth inhibition with IC50 values of 1-9 μM against four cancer cell lines, demonstrating more predominant activities against cancer cells as compared to sorafenib. Furthermore, some structure-activity relationships have also been established. Compounds containing indole and benzene ring substituted by halogen showed better activity than sorafenib. Wound healing assay suggested that cells would be targeted on their migratory capacity by 7g, potentially affecting the migration activity of these tumors. The effects of A549 and PC-3 cell apoptosis induced by compound 7g were significantly increased compared with sorafenib. Importantly, the result of western blot assay showed that 7g inhibited cell growth by suppressing the activity of EGFR, especially the expression of p-EGFR (Tyr1068).
- Li, Wen,Qi, Ya-Yun,Wang, Yuan-Yuan,Gan, Yi-Yuan,Shao, Li-Hui,Zhang, Li-Qiong,Tang, Zhen-Hua,Zhu, Mei,Tang, Si-Yu,Wang, Zhen-Chao,Ouyang, Gui-Ping
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p. 2548 - 2560
(2020/04/02)
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- Novel [(N-alkyl-3-indolylmethylene)hydrazono]oxindoles arrest cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting CDK2 and Bcl-2: synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies
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As a continuation for our previous work, a novel set of N-alkylindole-isatin conjugates (7, 8a–c, 9 and 10a–e) is here designed and synthesised with the prime aim to develop more efficient isatin-based antitumor candidates. Utilising the SAR outputs from the previous study, our design here is based on appending four alkyl groups with different length (ethyl and n-propyl), bulkiness (iso-propyl) and unsaturation (allyl) on N-1 of indole motif, with subsequent conjugation with different N-unsubstituted isatin moieties to furnish the target conjugates. As planned, the adopted strategy achieved a substantial improvement in the growth inhibitory profile for the target conjugates in comparison to the reported lead VI. The best results were obtained with N-propylindole –5-methylisatin hybrid 8a which displayed broad spectrum anti-proliferative action with efficient sub-panel GI50 (MG-MID) range from 1.33 to 4.23 μM, and promising full-panel GI50 (MG-MID) equals 3.10 μM, at the NCI five-dose assay. Also, hybrid 8a was able to provoke cell cycle disturbance and apoptosis in breast T-47D cells as evidenced by the DNA flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. Furthermore, hybrid 8a exhibited good inhibitory action against cell cycle regulator CDK2 protein kinase and the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein (IC50= 0.85 ± 0.03 and 0.46 ± 0.02 μM, respectively). Interestingly, molecular docking for hybrid 8a in CDK2 and Bcl-2 active sites unveiled that N-propyl group is involved in significant hydrophobic interactions. Taken together, the results suggested conjugate 8a as a promising lead for further development and optimisation as an efficient antitumor drug.
- Abdel-Aziz, Hatem A.,Abo-Ashour, Mahmoud F.,Ahmed, Hanaa Y.,Al-Ansary, Ghada H.,Al-Sanea, Mohammad M.,Al-Warhi, Tarfah,Almahli, Hadia,Alotaibi, Ohoud J.,Elaasser, Mahmoud M.,Eldehna, Wagdy M.
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p. 1300 - 1309
(2020/07/04)
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- Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of New N-Acylhydrazone Derivatives Containing Benzothiazole and Indole Based Moiety
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Through a structure-based molecular hybridization strategy, a series of new N-acylhydrazone derivatives containing the benzothiazole and indole based moiety were designed, synthesized and screened for in vitro antiproliferative activity against Hep G2 cancer cell line. One compound (7a) exhibited excellent antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 0.78 μM against Hep G2. In addition, C-5 substitutions of the indole ring of target compounds might be crucial for their cytotoxic activities. Additionally, the relative configuration of target compounds was confirmed as the E isomer. Further chemical manipulation of derivative 7a can make it possible to obtain new potential antitumor agents.
- Ding, Yangyang,Kang, Congmin,Liu, Kai
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p. 345 - 352
(2020/07/30)
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- A Facile Synthesis of Novel (Z)-ethyl-3-(5-substituted-1-alkyl/aryl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)acrylate
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A novel route was developed for synthesis of high potential 1H-tetrazoles by using conventional method. Tetrazole scaffold is a promising pharmacophore fragment, frequently used in the development of various novel drugs. Here, the novel (Z)-3-(N-alkyl-indol-3-yl)-2-(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)acrylates 5 (a–i) have been synthesized from (Z)-ethyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)acrylates 4 (a–c) by using various alkylating agents such as Dimethyl Sulphate (DMS), Diethyl Sulphate (DES), and benzyl chloride; 4 (a–c) were synthesized from sodium azide in the presence of copper sulfate in dimethylformamide; 3 (a–c) have been prepared by Knoevenagel condensation of indole-3-carbaldehyde 1 (a–c) and ethylcyanoacetate 2 in the presence of L-Proline as a catalyst at room temperature in ethanol for an hour. This is an efficient and clean click chemistry method that has various advantages such as easy workup, higher yields, shorter reaction times, and more economical.
- Bakkolla, Mahesh Goud,Taduri, Ashok Kumar,Bhoomireddy, Rama Devi
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- Chemoproteomics of an indole-based quinone epoxide identifies druggable vulnerabilities in vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
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The alarming global rise in fatalities from multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections has underscored a need to develop new therapies to address this epidemic. Chemoproteomics is valuable in identifying targets for new drugs in different human diseases including bacterial infections. Targeting functional cysteines is particularly attractive, as they serve critical catalytic functions that enable bacterial survival. Here, we report an indole-based quinone epoxide scaffold with a unique boat-like conformation that allows steric control in modulating thiol reactivity. We extensively characterize a lead compound (4a), which potently inhibits clinically derived vancomycin-resistant S. aureus. Leveraging diverse chemoproteomic platforms, we identify and biochemically validate important transcriptional factors as potent targets of 4a. Interestingly, each identified transcriptional factor has a conserved catalytic cysteine residue that confers antibiotic tolerance to these bacteria. Thus, the chemical tools and biological targets that we describe here prospect new therapeutic paradigms in combatting S. aureus infections.
- Kulkarni, Amogh,Soni, Isha,Kelkar, Dhanashree S.,Dharmaraja, Allimuthu T.,Sankar, Rathinam K.,Beniwal, Gaurav,Rajendran, Abinaya,Tamhankar, Sharvari,Chopra, Sidharth,Kamat, Siddhesh S.,Chakrapani, Harinath
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supporting information
p. 6785 - 6795
(2019/08/20)
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- Visible-Light-Mediated α-Oxygenation of 3-(N,N-Dimethylaminomethyl)-Indoles to Aldehydes
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The visible-light-mediated oxygenation of 3-N,N-(dimethylaminomethyl)-indoles bearing various substituents afforded a series of 3-carbaindole derivatives. Herein we describe the reaction scope, a plausible mechanism and a practical application of this transformation in the formal synthesis of (–)-vincorine is described as well.
- Stanek, Filip,Paw?owski, Robert,Mlynarski, Jacek,Stodulski, Maciej
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p. 6624 - 6628
(2018/10/20)
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- Method for synthesizing indole -3 - formaldehyde compounds (by machine translation)
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The invention relates to a synthetic indole - 3 - formaldehyde compounds, which belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. The invention will be indole compound, hexamethylene tetramine, crystalline aluminum trichloride, N, N - dimethyl formamide in proportion in 120 °C reaction under the condition of 1 - 20 the H, then filtered, washing, filtering, concentrating, column chromatography purification and other after-treatment technology, make the refined indole - 3 - formaldehyde compound. The invention overcomes the indole - 3 - benzaldehyde compound of preparation need to use not stabilized peroxide, and for a long time under the high temperature reaction of the defect. And the invention uses the advantages of simple equipment, product yield is high, the resulting yield of a target product can be up to 94%. In addition, the invention relates to a low reaction conditions, less catalyst levels, low energy consumption, the post treatment process is simple and easy to use, without the need of using a high dosage of acid or alkali, post-processing the solvent can be recovered and recycled, industrial "three wastes" is discharged little, suitable for large-scale production. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0041-0044; 0146-0149
(2018/08/28)
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- Visible Light-Driven C-3 Functionalization of Indoles over Conjugated Microporous Polymers
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Metal-free and heterogeneous organic photocatalysts provide an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional metal-based catalysts. This paper reports a series of carbazole-based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with tunable redox potentials and explores their photocatalytic performance with regard to C-3 formylation and thiocyanation of indoles. Conjugated polymers were synthesized through FeCl3 mediated Friedel-Crafts reactions, and their redox potentials were well regulated by simply altering the nature of the core (i.e., 1,4-dibenzyl, 1,3,5-tribenzyl, or 1,3,5-triazin-2,4,6-triyl). The resulting CMPs exhibited high surface areas, visible light absorptions, and tunable semiconductor-range band gaps. With the highest oxidative capability, CMP-CSU6 derived from 1,3,5-tri(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzene showed the highest efficiency for C-3 formylation and thiocyanation of indoles at room temperature. Notably, the as-made catalysts can be easily recovered with good retention of photocatalytic activity and reused at least five times, suggesting good recyclability. These results are significant for constructing high-performance porous polymer catalysts with tunable photoredox potentials targeting an efficient material design for catalysis.
- Zhang, Weijie,Tang, Juntao,Yu, Wenguang,Huang, Qiao,Fu, Yu,Kuang, Guichao,Pan, Chunyue,Yu, Guipeng
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p. 8084 - 8091
(2018/07/30)
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- Iron-Catalyzed C3-Formylation of Indoles with Formaldehyde and Aqueous Ammonia under Air
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An efficient iron-catalyzed C3-selective formylation of free (N-H) or N-substituted indoles was developed by employing formaldehyde and aqueous ammonia, with air as the oxidant. This new method gave 3-formylindoles in moderate to excellent yields with fairly short reaction times. Moreover, this procedure for catalytic formylation of indoles can be applied to gram-scale syntheses.
- Wang, Qing-Dong,Zhou, Bin,Yang, Jin-Ming,Fang, Dong,Ren, Jiangmeng,Zeng, Bu-Bing
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supporting information
p. 2670 - 2674
(2017/10/06)
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- Iodine-catalyzed C3-formylation of indoles using hexamethylenetetramine and air
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An efficient iodine-catalyzed chemoselective 3-formylation of free (N–H) and N-substituted indoles was achieved by using hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) in the presence of activated carbon under air atmosphere. This new method could provide 3-formylindoles in moderate to excellent yields with fairly short reaction times. Moreover, this catalytic formylation of indoles procedure can be applied to gram-scale synthesis.
- Wang, Qing-Dong,Yang, Jin-Ming,Fang, Dong,Ren, Jiangmeng,Zeng, Bu-Bing
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supporting information
p. 2877 - 2880
(2017/07/11)
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- Efficient Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Indole Derivatives as VEGFR-2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
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A series of novel indole derivatives were synthesized as potent inhibitors for the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase. Among those, compound 10b demonstrated the highest growth inhibition rate of 66.7% against the VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase at 10 μM which indicates that indole-benzothiazole might be the favorable structure. The binding mode of compound 10b with VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase was evaluated by molecular docking.
- Zhang,Xu,Wang,Kang
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p. 3006 - 3016
(2018/02/21)
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- Copper-catalyzed Synthesis of N-alkylated 2-(4-substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde by Step-wise and One-pot Three-component Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
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An efficient method for the synthesis of N-alkylated 2-(4-substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde has been developed starting from oxindole and indole using Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of organic azides to alkynes. The effect of catalysts and solvent on these reactions has been investigated. Among all these conditions, while using CuSO4·5H2O, DMF was found to be the best system for this reaction. It could also be prepared in a one-pot three-component manner by treating equimolar quantities of halides, azides, and alkynes. The Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction was performed using CuSO4·5H2O in DMF with easy work-up procedure.
- Avula, Vijay Kumar Reddy,Vallela, Swetha,Anireddy, Jaya Shree,Chamarthi, Naga Raju
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p. 3071 - 3076
(2017/10/03)
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- Synthesis of Analogues of Indole Alkaloids from Sea Sponges – Aplysinopsins by the Reaction of Amines with (4Z)-4-[(1H-indol-3-yl)-methylene]-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-ones
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A new two-step approach toward the synthesis of aplysinopsin analogues 5-(1-R-1H-indol-3-ylmethylene)-2-aryl-3,5-dihydroimidazol-4-ones consisting in obtaining and reaction of 4-(1-R-1H-indol-3-ylmethilene)-2-Ar-4H-oxazol-5-ones with amines was developed. The configuration of starting compounds and final products was determined by13С and1H-nmr spectroscopy.
- Suzdalev, Konstantin F.,Babakova, Maria N.
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p. 1200 - 1206
(2016/07/29)
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- Indole-Based NLOphoric Donor-π-Acceptor Styryl Dyes: Synthesis, Spectral Properties and Computational Studies
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Donor-π- acceptor styryl chromophores based on indole core were synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation of N-ethyl indole-3-carbaldehyde and different active methylene compounds. The absorption and emission properties of these dyes in different solvents were studied. The dyes displayed a broad absorption maximum in the UV and visible region between 397 and 469?nm with FWHM, 50 to 75?nm. Due to the extended π – conjugated systems this styryl chromophores shows strong intramolecular charge transfer characteristics. The dyes showed solid state emission and emission in solid state was red shifted as compared to their emission in less polar solvents. Density Functional Theory [B3LYP/6–311?+?G(d)] computations were used to correlate the structural, molecular, electronic and photo physical parameters of styryl dye with experimental study. Synthesized dyes were confirmed by using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectral analysis.
- Chemate, Santosh,Sekar, Nagaiyan
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p. 2063 - 2077
(2016/11/06)
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- 9,10-Bis(N-alkylindole-3-yl-vinyl-2)anthracenes as a new series of alkyl length-dependent piezofluorochromic aggregation-induced emission homologues
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The introduction and length-extending of peripheral alkyl chains is usually to improve the solubility of conjugated organic molecules. This article reports the synthesis and optical properties of 9,10-bis(N-alkylindole-3-yl-vinyl-2)anthracenes (IACn) with different alkyl lengths. These homologues exhibit the strong alkyl length-dependent piezofluorochromic (PFC) behaviour, and their PFC spectral shifts are in the range of 27-65 nm. It is found that the shorter the N-alkyl length, the larger the spectral shift upon mechanical grinding or pressing. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction evidenced that the mechanical grinding has resulted in destruction of pristine ordered structures, formation of crystal defects, and appearance of some amorphous states, which is responsible for the PFC behaviour.
- Sun,Liu,Ying,Wang,Xue,Yang
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p. 73046 - 73050
(2015/09/15)
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- Discovery of novel peptidomimetics as irreversible CHIKV NsP2 protease inhibitors using quantum mechanical-based ligand descriptors
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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus. Recent outbreaks of CHIKV infections have been reported in Asia, Africa, and Europe. The symptoms of CHIKV infection include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, rash, and chronic persistent arthralgia. To date, no vaccines or selective antiviral drugs against this important emerging virus have been reported. In this study, the design, synthesis, and antiviral activity screening of new topographical peptidomimetics revealed three potential prototype agents 3a, 4b, and 5d showing 93-100% maximum inhibition of CHIKV replication in cell-based assay having EC90 of 8.76-9.57 μg/mL. Intensive molecular modeling studies including covalent docking, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies, and the atomic condensed Fukui functions calculations strongly suggested the covalent binding of peptidomimetics 3a, 4b, and 5d to CHIKV nsP2 protease leading to permanent enzyme inactivation via Michael adduct formation between α/β-unsaturated ketone functionality in our designed peptidomimetics and active site catalytic cysteine1013. Furthermore, small molecular weight peptidomimetics 3a and 4b satisfied the Lipinski rule of five for drug-likeness and showed promising intestinal absorption and aqueous solubility via computational admet studies making them promising hits for further optimization. Covalent docking of the inhibitor 3a with the nsP2 enzyme showing the proposed Michael adduct formed between inhibitors 3a and the side chain of catalytic Cysteine1013.
- El-Labbad, Eman M.,Ismail, Mohammed A. H.,Abou Ei Ella, Dalal A.,Ahmed, Marawan,Wang, Feng,Barakat, Khaled H.,Abouzid, Khaled A. M.
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p. 1518 - 1527
(2016/02/05)
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- Synthesis of substituted 3-indolylimines and indole-3-carboxaldehydes by rhodium(II)-catalyzed annulation
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An efficient Cu/Rh-catalyzed method is proposed for the synthesis of 3-indolylimines from N-propargylanilines through Rh(II)-catalyzed denitrogenative annulation of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Further combined with hydrolysis or reduction, a one-pot method is developed to enable the direct incorporation of an imine, aldehyde, or amine group into an indole system from an alkyne. A variety of substituted 3-indolylimines, indole-3-carboxaldehydes, and 3-Indolylmethanamines are synthesized in good yields.
- Rajagopal, Basker,Chou, Chih-Hung,Chung, Ching-Cheng,Lin, Po-Chiao
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p. 3752 - 3755
(2014/08/05)
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- Eco-friendly synthesis and antimicrobial activities of substituted-5-(1H- indol-3-yl)methylene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione derivatives
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l-Tyrosine is an efficient catalyst for the condensation of substituted indole-3-aldehydes 1(a-d), N-methyl indole-3-aldehydes 4(a-d), and N-ethyl indole-3-aldehydes 6(a-d) with meldrum's acid (2) containing a cyclic active methylene group to produce 3(a-d), 5(a-d), and 7(a-d), respectively, in water at room temperature for 30 min. The antimicrobial activities of 3(a-d), 5(a-d), and 7(a-d) have been studied.
- Thirupathi,Venkatanarayana,Dubey,Bharathi Kumari
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p. 1569 - 1580
(2014/03/21)
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- I2-mediated C3-formylation of indoles by tertiary amine and H2O
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An I2-promoted 3-formylation of free (N-H) and N-substituted indoles with tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and H2O as the carbonyl source is achieved, providing 3-formylindole in moderate to excellent yields with good functional gr
- Zhang, Bo,Liu, Bin,Chen, Jianbin,Wang, Jiehui,Liu, Miaochang
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supporting information
p. 5618 - 5621
(2014/12/11)
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- Aerobic transition-metal-free visible-light photoredox indole C-3 formylation reaction
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An aerobic visible-light-promoted indole C-3 formylation reaction catalyzed by Rose Bengal has been developed. This transition-metal-free process employs molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant and uses TMEDA as the one-carbon source through C-N bond cleavage. The reaction is compatible with a variety of functional groups.
- Li, Xiang,Gu, Xiangyong,Li, Yongjuan,Li, Pixu
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p. 1897 - 1900
(2014/06/24)
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- 17a-HYDROXYLASE/C17,20-LYASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, A and n are as defined herein. A deuteriated derivative of the compound of Formula (I) is also provided.
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- Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of novel thiadiazolylhydrazones of 1-substituted indole-3-carboxaldehydes
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A series of novel thiocarbohydrazones of substituted indoles and their corresponding thiadiazole derivatives were prepared, and their structures were confirmed by different analytical and spectroscopic methods. The derivatives were prepared by a sequential synthetic strategy including substitution at N-1 position of indole ring by various aliphatic and benzylic substituents, followed by condensation with thiocarbohydrazide, and finally cyclization by triethyl orthoformate. The derivatives were tested for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium bovis BCG, and the results revealed that among the synthesized compounds, thiadiazole derivatives 4e, 4f, 4n, 4p, 4q, and 4t exhibited the highest activity with IC50 value of 3.91 μg/mL. The results indicate that the thiadiazole moiety plays a vital role in exerting antimycobacterial activity. A series of indole-based thiadiazole derivatives with various substitutions at N-1 position of indole ring have been synthesized and tested for their antimycobacterial activity. Compounds 4e (R = butyl), 4f (R = pentyl), 4n (R = 4-fluorobenzyl), 4p (R = 4-chlorobenzyl), 4q (R = 4-bromobenzyl) and 4t (R = 4-methoxybenzyl) were the most potent derivatives with IC50 value of 3.91 μg/mL.
- Haj Mohammad Ebrahim Tehrani, Kamaleddin,Mashayekhi, Vida,Azerang, Parisa,Sardari, Soroush,Kobarfard, Farzad,Rostamizadeh, Kobra
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p. 224 - 236
(2014/02/14)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of pyrano chalcone derivatives containing indole moiety as novel anti-tubulin agents
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A new series of pyrano chalcone derivatives containing indole moiety (3-42, 49a-49r) were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities. Among all the compounds, compound 49b with a propionyloxy group at the 4-position of the left phenyl ring and N-methyl-5-indoly on the right ring displayed the most potent cytotoxic activity against all tested cancer cell lines including multidrug resistant phenotype, which inhibits cancer cell growth with IC50 values ranging from 0.22 to 1.80 μM. Furthermore, 49b significantly induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and inhibited the polymerization of tubulin. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the interaction of 49b at the colchicine binding site of tubulin. In experiments in vivo, 49b exerted potent anticancer activity in HepG2 human liver carcinoma in BALB/c nude mice. These results indicated these compounds are promising inhibitors of tubulin polymerization for the potential treatment of cancer.
- Wang, Guangcheng,Li, Chunyan,He, Lin,Lei, Kai,Wang, Fang,Pu, Yuzi,Yang, Zhuang,Cao, Dong,Ma, Liang,Chen, Jinying,Sang, Yun,Liang, Xiaolin,Xiang, Mingli,Peng, Aihua,Wei, Yuquan,Chen, Lijuan
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p. 2060 - 2079
(2014/04/17)
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- Facile synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted 5-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethylene) pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione derivatives using L-Tyrosine in aqueous medium
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L-Tyrosine as an efficient catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation of substituted indole-3-aldehydes 1(a-d), N-methyl indole-3- aldehydes 4(a-d), N-ethyl indole-3-aldehydes 6(a-d) with barbituric acid (2) containing cyclic active methylene group to produce 3(a-d), 5(a-d) and 7(a-d), respectively in water at room temperature for 10 min. The antimicrobial activities of 3(a-d), 5(a-d) and 7(a-d) have been studied.
- Thirupathi,Dubey,Kumari, Y. Bharathi
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p. 8741 - 8748
(2013/11/06)
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- Structure-based design of 7-azaindole-pyrrolidine amides as inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type i
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Indole-pyrrolidines were identified as inhibitors of 11β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) by high-throughput screening. Optimisation of the initial hit through structure-based design led to 7-azaindole-derivatives, with the best analogues displaying single digit nanomolar IC50 potency. The modeling hypotheses were confirmed by solving the X-ray co-crystal structure of one of the lead compounds. These compounds were selective against 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (selectivity ratio >200) and exhibited good inhibition of 11β-HSD1 (IC50 a cellular model (3T3L1 adipocytes).
- Valeur, Eric,Christmann-Franck, Serge,Lepifre, Franck,Carniato, Denis,Cravo, Daniel,Charon, Christine,Bozec, Sophie,Musil, Djordje,Hillertz, Per,Doare, Liliane,Schmidlin, Fabien,Lecomte, Marc,Schultz, Melanie,Roche, Didier
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p. 5909 - 5914
(2012/11/07)
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- A study on the phosphorylation of indole, imidazole, carbazole, and phenothiazine derivatives
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N-Heterocycles including indolecarbaldehyde, substituted benzimidazoles, and methylimidazole could be efficiently phosphorylated by diethyl chlorophosphate at room temperature in different solvents using alkali carbonate or triethylamine as the base. However, the phosphorylation of N-heterocycles with a lower reactivity at the NH function, such as carbazole and phenothiazine, could not be conducted to complete conversion under the conditions applied. Copyright
- Milen, Matyas,Abranyi-Balogh, Peter,Balogh, Gyoergy,Drahos, Laszlo,Keglevich, Gyoergy
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experimental part
p. 1091 - 1100
(2012/08/14)
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- Cu(ii)-catalyzed C-H (SP3) oxidation and C-N cleavage: Base-switched methylenation and formylation using tetramethylethylenediamine as a carbon source
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Base-switched methylenation and formylation using tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) as a carbon source have been achieved under mild conditions, catalyzed by CuCl2, with atmospheric oxygen as oxidant. Bisindolylmethanes, diphenylmethanes and 3-formylindoles were synthesized with excellent regioselectivity and good yield.
- Zhang, Lei,Peng, Chen,Zhao, Dan,Wang, Yue,Fu, Hai-Jian,Shen, Qi,Li, Jian-Xin
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5928 - 5930
(2012/07/27)
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- The copper-catalyzed C-3-formylation of indole C-H bonds using tertiary amines and molecular oxygen
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A copper-catalyzed formylation reaction has been developed by employing oxygen (O2) as the clean oxidant. The C-H bonds of indoles were C-3-formylated by tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and water (H2O; in situ formed and external added water) as the carbonyl source in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance. Thus, it represents a facile procedure leading to 3-formylindoles. Copyright
- Chen, Jianbin,Liu, Bin,Liu, Dongfang,Liu, Shan,Cheng, Jiang
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supporting information
p. 2438 - 2442
(2012/11/07)
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- PPh3-catalyzed knoevenagel condensation: A facile synthesis of 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)meth-ylene)-2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxane-4, 6-dione, and their N-alkyl derivatives by using peg-600 as the reaction medium
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Triphenylphosphine (TPP) has been utilized as a novel and efficient catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation of indole-3-carboxaldehydes 1(a-e), 1-methyl-1H-indole-3-carboxaldehydes 4(a-e), and 1-ethyl-1H-indole-3- carboxaldehydes 6(a-e) with the active methylene compound, that is, meldrum's acid (2), to afford substituted derivatives 5-((1H-indol-3-yl) methylene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione 3(a-e), 2,2-dimethyl-5-((1-methyl- 1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione 5(a-e), and 2,2-dimethyl-5-((1- ethyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione 7(a-e), respectively, in ethanol medium at RT just within 1 h in excellent yields. The products 3(a-e) were reacted independently with alkylating agents, that is, DMS and DES in the presence of PEG-600 as an efficient and green solvent, to afford the corresponding N-substituted methyl and ethyl derivatives 5(a-e) and 7(a-e), respectively.
- Venkatanarayana, Muvvala,Kumar Dubey, Pramod
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scheme or table
p. 41 - 48
(2012/04/04)
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- Synthesis of 3,5-diaryl substituted indole derivatives and its selective iodide ion chemosensing
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In this contribution, we have synthesized series of 1-ethyl-3,5-bis[2- (aryl)ethenyl]-1H-indole based derivatives with different functional groups using Wadsworth-Emmons coupling. The sensing ability of the receptors has been studied for halides like tetrabutylammonium fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide and bisulphate by UV-vis spectroscopy methods. In THF solution, compound A-E exhibits excellent selectivity with iodide ions over the other ions like tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr), tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl), tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) and tetrabutylammonium bisulphate (TBAHSO4). The indole cores were observed effectively and selectively recognized biologically important iodide was reported. Significant absorption change was observed only for tetrabutylammonium iodide and no change with other anions. The absorption spectra indicated the formation of complex between host and guest is in 1:1 stoichiometric ratio. The association constants of A-E for iodide ions were found to be 3.2 × 104 M-1, 3.9 × 104 M-1, 4.2 × 103 M -1, 2.9 × 103 M-1 and 2.14 × 103 M-1, respectively.
- Rathikrishnan, Krishnaswamy R.,Indirapriyadharshini, Vellore K.,Ramakrishna, Seeram,Murugan, Rajendiran
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scheme or table
p. 640 - 644
(2012/02/05)
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- 17α-HYDROXYLASE/C17,20-LYASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, A and n are as defined herein. A deuteriated derivative of the compound of Formula (I) is also provided.
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- Supported TBD-assisted solution phase diversification of formyl-aza-heterocycles through alkylation-knoevenagel one pot sequences
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An efficient solution-phase parallel procedure to perform the structural diversification of some formyl-nitrogen heterocycles (A) using the reusable TBD supported base is described. The library synthesis is based in a consecutive Alkylation-Knoevenagel functionalisation that uses alkyl halides (B), Michael acceptors (C) and activated methylene compounds (D) as diversity elements.
- Maatougui, Abdelaziz El,Crespo, Abel,Silva, Artur M.S.,Coelho, Alberto
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experimental part
p. 570 - 582
(2012/07/31)
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- Formyl-and acetylindols: Vibrational spectroscopy of an expectably pharmacologically active compound family
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In the peresent paper, indole and its seven derivatives were compared, namely 3-formylindole, 1-methyl-3-formylindole, 1-ethyl-3-formylindole, 3-acetylindole, 1-methyl-3-acetylindole, 1-ethyl-3-acetylindole and 1,3-diacetylindole. The substitution of indole in position 3 with aldehydes and with alkyl groups cause only minor changes in the molecular geometry, however, substantially larger alterations are found in the charge distribution and in the vibrational force constants. The appearance of the aldhyde groups increased the degree of association as it was observable on the shape of infrared NH stretching band and its shifts. The alkyl substitution shifts the aldehyde carbonyl stretch band frequencies to somewhat higher values. The effect of the second acetyl group in position 1 is not comparable with those of the 1-alkyl groups. The latter effect is observable in the molecular geometry, however, it is more pronounced in the changes of the net charge distribution, the vibrational force constants and the infrared spectra.
- Billes, Ferenc,Podea, Paula Veronica,Mohammed-Ziegler, Ildikó,To?a, Monica,Mikosch, Hans,Irimie, Dan-Florin
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p. 1031 - 1045
(2012/06/30)
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- Efficient consecutive alkylation-Knoevenagel functionalisations in formyl aza-heterocycles using supported organic bases
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An efficient solution-phase parallel procedure to perform the structural diversification of some formyl aza-heterocycles employing supported organic bases (PS-BEMP, PS-TBD or Si-TBD) is described. The library synthesis is based on a consecutive alkylation-Knoevenagel functionalisation that employs alkyl halides, Michael acceptors, and malonic acid derivatives as diversity elements. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Coelho, Alberto,El-Maatougui, Abdelaziz,Ravi?a, Enrique,Cavaleiro, José A. S.,Silva, Artur M. S.
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p. 3324 - 3328
(2008/09/17)
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- Compounds useful for treatment or prevention of disease mediated by alpha-2B-adrenoceptor
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A compound, suitable as an alpha-2B-adrenoceptor antagoist, having a structure of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are independently of each othe
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- A tandem carbonylation/cyclization radical process of 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and pyrrole
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The AIBN-induced radical reaction of 1-(2-iodoethyl)indoles and pyrroles with Bu3SnH under 80 atm of CO was examined. Carbon monoxide was efficiently trapped by an alkyl radical to form an acyl radical which underwent intramolecular addition to the aromatic system to produce bicyclic aromatic ketones after in situ oxidation.
- Miranda, Luis D.,Cruz-Almanza, Raymundo,Pavon, Miriam,Alva, Edith,Muchowski, Joseph M.
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p. 7153 - 7157
(2007/10/03)
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- Comparison of the in-vitro aromatase inhibitory activity of 3-(azolylmethyl)-1H-indoles
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The synthesis of 3-(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-N-R-alkyl-1H-indoles [R = H (1), ethyl (2), benzyl (3)], N-benzyl-3-(triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole (4) and N-benzyl-3-(triazol-4-yl-methyl)1H-indole (5) is described. The compounds were tested for human placental aromatase inhibition in-vitro, using [1β-3H]androstenedione and [1β,2β-3H]testosterone as substrates for the aromatase enzyme. Inhibition of androgen aromatization by compounds 1-5 was effective in both enzyme systems. The most interesting compounds were 3 (imidazole derivative) and 4 (triazole derivative) showing comparable percent inhibition values with both androgen substrates. The absence of a substituent (1) or the presence of an ethyl group (2) gave weak inhibitors in imidazole-substituted indoles. Triazole derivatives 4 and 5, with an N-benzyl group, were less potent aromatase inhibitors than compound 3, the imidazole analogue. The 4-triazole derivative 5 was the least active inhibitor in the series. The simultaneous introduction of benzyl and imidazole (rather than triazole) moieties was found to enhance the inhibitory profile of these 3-azolylmethylindole derivatives.
- Le Borgne,Marchand,Duflos,Robert-Piessard,Le Baut,Ahmadi,Hartmann,Palzer
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p. 279 - 281
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 3-(1-Azolylmethyl)-1H-indoles and 3-(1-azoly1-1-phenylmethyl)-1H-indoles as inhibitors of P450 arom
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In the challenge to develop potent inhibitors of aromatase for reducing the levels of estrogens, we found that azolyl-substituted indoles inhibit aromatase activity. 3-(1-Azolylmethyl)-1H-indoles 9-15 and 3-(1-azolyl-1- phenylmethyl)-1H-indoles 22-25 were prepared, and tested on their ability to inhibit P450 arom. Analysis of the inhibitory effect exerted by several derivatives (11, 12, 22, and 23) on microsomal aromatase in vitro activity indicates that azolyl-substituted indoles containing an imidazole moiety are more potent inhibitors than triazole derivatives. In the first series, the introduction of the N-benzyl moiety has been found to enhance the inhibitory profile of these 3-(1-azolylmethyl)-1H-indole derivatives. The corresponding 4-fluoro derivative 12 displays the highest inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.0718 μM) of all investigated compounds; thus, 12 is 258 times as potent as aminoglutethimide (AG). The presence of a chloro grouping in para position of the phenyl ring in compounds 22 and 24 exerts a positive effect only in the triazol-1-yl sub-series: compound 25 is 4-fold more potent than 24.
- Le Borgne, Marc,Marchand, Pascal,Duflos, Muriel,Delevoye-Seiller, Benedicte,Piessard-Robert, Sylvie,Le Baut, Guillaume,Hartmann, Rolf W.,Palzer
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p. 141 - 145
(2007/10/03)
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- Simple N-Alkylation and N-Acylation of 3-Acetylindole and 3-Indolecarbaldehyde
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Using lithium cyanide a simple method for the transformation of 3-acetylindole into the N-alkyl, N-acyl, and N-p-toluenesulfonyl derivatives in good yield is reported. 3-Indolecarbaldehyde is also N-alkylated by the same procedure.
- Kurihara, Takushi,Fujimoto, Toshiro,Harusawa, Shinya,Yoneda, Ryuji
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p. 396 - 397
(2007/10/02)
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