- Benzamidine
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Benzenecarboximidamide, C7H8N2, has been prepared and its structure shows a planar molecule with distinct C double bond N 1.294 (3) and C - N 1.344 (3) angstroms distances, and a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network.
- Barker,Phillips,Wallbridge,Powell
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Read Online
- NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 catalyze the microsomal reduction of xenobiotic hydroxylamines and amidoximes in humans
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Hydroxylamine metabolites, implicated in dose-dependent and idiosyncratic toxicity from arylamine drugs, and amidoximes, used as pro-drugs, are metabolized by an as yet incompletely characterized NADH-dependent microsomal reductase system. We hypothesized that NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 were responsible for this enzymatic activity in humans. Purified human soluble NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 expressed in Escherichia coli, efficiently catalyzed the reduction of sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine, dapsone hydroxylamine, and benzamidoxime, with apparent Km values similar to those found in human liver microsomes and specific activities (Vmax) 74 to 235 times higher than in microsomes. Minimal activity was seen with either protein alone, and microsomal protein did not enhance activity other than additively. All three reduction activities were significantly correlated with immunoreactivity for cytochrome b5 in individual human liver microsomes. In addition, polyclonal antibodies to both NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 significantly inhibited reduction activity for sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine. Finally, fibroblasts from a patient with type II hereditary methemoglobinemia (deficient in NADH cytochrome b5 reductase) showed virtually no activity for hydroxylamine reduction, compared with normal fibroblasts. These results indicate a novel direct role for NADH cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 in xenobiotic metabolism and suggest that pharmacogenetic variability in either of these proteins may effect drug reduction capacity.
- Kurian, Joseph R.,Bajad, Sunil U.,Miller, Jackie L.,Chin, Nathaniel A.,Trepanier, Lauren A.
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Read Online
- Assembly of 5-Aminoimidazoles via Palladium-Catalysed Double Isocyanide Insertion Reaction
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A palladium-catalysed tandem cyclisation reaction of amidoximes, isocyanides and amines to produce 5-aminoimidazoles was developed. Various 5-aminoimidazoles were prepared in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. This elegant domino process involves the effective cleavage of the N?O bond and the formation of new C?C and C?N bonds in a single operation. (Figure presented.).
- Wang, Xu,Fu, Jin-Ping,Mo, Jia-Hui,Tian, Yu-Hong,Liu, Chun-You,Tang, Hai-Tao,Sun, Zi-Jun,Pan, Ying-Ming
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Read Online
- Compounds for Treating Cannabinoid Toxicity and Acute Cannabinoid Overdose
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The present invention relates to novel compounds that can act as antidotes for treating “Acute Cannabinoid Overdose” produced by classical cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and several synthetic psychoactive cannabinoids (SPCs). The cannabis constituent THC exerts its psychotropic effects via CB1 receptor activation and SPCs mimic the effects of THC with higher potency and severe neurotoxicity. Compounds disclosed in this invention, their enantiomers, diastereomers, geometric isomers, racemates, tautomers, rotamers, atropisomers, metabolites, N-oxides, salts, solvates, hydrates, isotopic variations and their polymorphic forms can be therapeutically useful in an emergency setting for counteracting the intoxicating effects of acute THC ingestion and SPC overdose. Also, aspects of the invention are concerned with pyrazoles, imidazoles, triazoles, thiazoles, oxazoles, dihydropyrazoles, pyrrolidinones, azetidines, oxyazetidines and azaspiro[3.3]heptanes with unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties for treating “Acute Cannabinoid Overdose”.
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- Novel Allosteric Inhibitors of Deoxyhypusine Synthase against Malignant Melanoma: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation
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Based on the novel allosteric site of deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS), two series of 30 novel 5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-phenylpyrimidin-4-amine derivatives as DHPS inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound8m, with the best DHPS inhibitory potency (IC50= 0.014 μM), exhibited excellent inhibition against melanoma cells, which was superior to that of GC7. Besides, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further proved that compound8mwas tightly bound to the allosteric site of DHPS. Flow cytometric analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that compound8mcould inhibit the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Furthermore, by western blot analysis, compound8meffectively activated caspase 3 and decreased the expressions of GP-100, tyrosinase, eIF5A2, MMP2, and MMP9. Moreover, both Transwell analysis and wound healing analysis showed that compound8mcould inhibit the invasion and migration of melanoma cells. In thein vivostudy, the tumor xenograft model showed that compound8meffectively inhibited melanoma development with low toxicity.
- Li, Shuai,Li, Xin-Yang,Li, Yu-Heng,Lin, Qi-Qi,Liu, Kai-Li,Meng, Fan-Hao,Qian, Xin-Hua,Wang, De-Pu,Xue, Wen-Han
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p. 13356 - 13372
(2021/09/20)
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- Toward Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Biologically Interesting Pyrazole Derivatives
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A two-step continuous-flow synthesis of substituted pyrazole derivatives has been developed via the formation of vinylidene keto esters as key intermediates. Heterogeneous Ni2+-montmorillonite was found to be an efficient catalyst for orthoester condensation of 1,3-dicarbonyls under flow conditions. The intermediate reacted with methylhydrazine to afford pyrazole derivatives, for which suitable selection of a solvent played a key role in achieving high yields and excellent regioselectivities of the desired products. An application of this protocol has been demonstrated by the synthesis of a key intermediate for biologically active pyrazoles such as Bixafen. (Figure presented.).
- Das, Amrita,Ishitani, Haruro,Kobayashi, Shū
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supporting information
p. 5127 - 5132
(2019/11/13)
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- Sulfated tungstate catalyzed activation of nitriles: addition of amines to nitriles for synthesis of amidines
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An efficient and mild method for the synthesis of amidines by direct nucleophilic addition of amines to nitriles using sulfated tungstate as heterogeneous catalyst is described. Highlight of the method is its applicability for the synthesis of amidines using a wide variety of amines including ammonia as ammonium acetate and nitriles. Catalyst is mildly acidic, stable, easy to prepare and separate from the reaction mass.
- Veer, Sachin D.,Katkar, Kamlesh V.,Akamanchi, Krishnacharya G.
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supporting information
p. 4039 - 4043
(2016/08/18)
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- Electrochemical and mARC-catalyzed enzymatic reduction of para-substituted benzamidoximes: Consequences for the prodrug concept "amidoximes instead of amidines"
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The mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC) activates amidoxime prodrugs by reduction to the corresponding amidine drugs. This study analyzes relationships between the chemical structure of the prodrug and its metabolic activation and compares its enzyme-mediated vs. electrochemical reduction. The enzyme kinetic parameters KM and Vmax for the N-reduction of ten para-substituted derivatives of the model compound benzamidoxime were determined by incubation with recombinant proteins and subcellular fractions from pig liver followed by quantification of the metabolites by HPLC. A clear influence of the substituents at position 4 on the chemical properties of the amidoxime function was confirmed by correlation analyses of 1H NMR chemical shifts and the redox potentials of the 4-substituted benzamidoximes with Hammett's σ. However, no clear relationship between the kinetic parameters for the enzymatic reduction and Hammett's σ or the lipophilicity could be found. It is thus concluded that these properties as well as the redox potential of the amidoxime can be largely ignored during the development of new amidoxime prodrugs, at least regarding prodrug activation.
- Bauch, Eva,Reichmann, Debora,Mendel, Ralf-Rainer,Bittner, Florian,Manke, Anne-Marie,Kurz, Philipp,Girreser, Ulrich,Havemeyer, Antje,Clement, Bernd
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p. 360 - 367
(2015/02/05)
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- Functional characterization of protein variants encoded by nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in MARC1 and MARC2 in healthy Caucasians
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Human molybdenum-containing enzyme mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC), cytochrome b5 type B, and NADH cytochrome b5 reductase form an N-reductive enzyme system that is capable of reducing N-hydroxylated compounds. Genetic variations are known, but their functional relevance is unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the incidence of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the mARC genes in healthy Caucasian volunteers, to determine saturation of the protein variants with molybdenum cofactor (Moco), and to characterize the kinetic behavior of the protein variants by in vitro biotransformation studies. Genotype frequencies of six SNPs in the mARC genes (c. 493A>G, c. 560T>A, c. 736T>A, and c. 739G>C in MARC1; c. 730G>A and c. 735T>G in MARC2) were determined by pyrosequencing in a cohort of 340 healthy Caucasians. Protein variants were expressed in Escherichia coli. Saturation with Moco was determined by measurement of molybdenum by inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Steady state assays were performed with benzamidoxime. The six variants were of low frequency in this Caucasian population. Only one homozygous variant (c.493A; MARC1) was detected. All protein variants were able to bind Moco. Steady state assays showed statistically significant decreases of catalytic efficiency values for the mARC-2 wild type compared with the mARC-1 wild type (P 0.05) and for two mARC-2 variants compared with the mARC-2 wild type (G244S, P 0.05; C245W, P 0.05). After simultaneous substitution of more than two amino acids in the mARC-1 protein, N-reductive activity was decreased 5-fold. One homozygous variant of MARC1 was detected in our sample. The encoded protein variant (A165T) showed no different kinetic parameters in the N-reduction of benzamidoxime. Copyright
- Ott, Gudrun,Reichmann, Debora,Boerger, Cornelia,Cascorbi, Ingolf,Bittner, Florian,Mendel, Ralf-Rainer,Kunze, Thomas,Clement, Bernd,Havemeyer, Antje
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p. 718 - 725
(2014/04/03)
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- 4-Amino-3-phenylamino-6-phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives, their manufacture and their use as antiviral active substances
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The present invention relates to 5-amino-3-phenylamino-6-phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives of the general formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or propharmacons thereof, wherein at least one hydrogen atom in at least one of the phenyl groups A and B is substituted by a substituent RH, which has a Hammett constant σp greater than 0.23. The present invention also concerns the method of its manufacture. For corresponding compounds, surprisingly a particuarly high activity against viruses, in particular rhinoviruses and picornaviruses was determined. Furthermore, the compounds are tolerated very well. For these reasons the compounds are suitable for the treatment of viral infections and as drugs.
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Paragraph 0058
(2014/10/16)
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- 1,2,4 -TRIAZOLES AS ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS OF MGLU5 RECEPTOR ACTIVITY FOR THE TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA OF DEMENTIA
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This invention relates to compounds of formula (I) their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and/or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, X, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.
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Page/Page column 106-107
(2013/06/27)
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- SUBSTITUTED TRIAZOLES AND THEIR USE FOR TREATMENT AND/OR PREVENTION NEUROLOGICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
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This invention relates to compounds of formula (I), their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and/or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.
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Page/Page column 65
(2013/07/31)
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- NOVEL COMPOUNDS
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This invention relates to compounds of formula I their use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and/or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.
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Paragraph 0334; 0335; 0336
(2013/07/25)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of l-valine-amidoximeesters as double prodrugs of amidines
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In general, drugs containing amidines suffer from poor oral bioavailability and are often converted into amidoxime prodrugs to overcome low uptake from the gastrointestinal tract. The esterification of amidoximes with amino acids represents a newly developed double prodrug principle creating derivatives of amidines with both improved oral availability and water solubility. N-valoxybenzamidine (1) is a model compound for this principle, which has been transferred to the antiprotozoic drug pentamidine (8). Prodrug activation depends on esterases and mARC and is thus independent from activation by P450 enzymes. Therefore, drug-drug interactions or side effects will be minimized. The synthesis of these two compounds was established, and their biotransformation was studied in vitro and in vivo. Bioactivation of N-valoxybenzamidine (1) and N,N′-bis(valoxy)pentamidine (7) via hydrolysis and reduction has been demonstrated in vitro with porcine and human subcellular enzyme preparations and the mitochondrial Amidoxime Reducing Component (mARC). Moreover, activation of N-valoxybenzamidine (1) by porcine hepatocytes was studied. In vivo, the bioavailability in rats after oral application of N-valoxybenzamidine (1) was about 88%. Similarly, N,N′-bis(valoxy) pentamidine (7) showed oral bioavailability. Analysis of tissue samples revealed high concentrations of pentamidine (8) in liver and kidney.
- Kotthaus, Joscha,Hungeling, Helen,Reeh, Christiane,Kotthaus, Jürke,Schade, Dennis,Wein, Silvia,Wolffram, Siegfried,Clement, Bernd
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experimental part
p. 1907 - 1914
(2011/05/05)
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- Unsymmetrical 1α3-1,2,4,6-thiatriazinyls with aryl and trifluoromethyl substituents: Synthesis, crystal structures, EPR spectroscopy, and voltammetry
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A general synthetic route to 3-trifluoromethyl-5-aryl-1α3- 1,2,4,6-thiatriazinyl radicals was developed. X-ray structures were obtained for all five neutral radicals and show that they exist in the solid state as cofacial dimers linked by S...S contacts. X-ray structures were also obtained for two of the precursor chlorothiatriazines along with several aryl N-imidoylamidines, p-methoxybenzamidine, and N-chlorosulfonyl- N,N'-benzamidine. Cyclic voltammetric studies were performed on the [R2C 2N3S]. radicals in CH3CN and CH 2Cl2 with [nBu4N][PF6] as the supporting electrolyte under vacuum conditions in an all-glass electrochemical cell. The results provide quasi-reversible formal potentials for the [R2C2N3S]-/0 process in the range of -0.61 to -0.47 V, irreversible peak potentials for the [R2C 2N3S]0/+ process from 0.59 to 0.91 V at lower concentrations, and the appearance of a second, reversible oxidation process from 0.69 to 0.94 V at higher concentrations (versus the Fc0/+ couple; Fc = ferrocene). This behavior was indicative of monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution, as ascertained from digital models of the voltammograms. There is a small but measurable trend in both the oxidation and reduction potentials with varying remote aryl substituents. EPR spectra were obtained for all five neutral radicals in CH2Cl2 solutions, which confirm the concentration of the unpaired electron density on the heterocyclic core. Trends were also seen in the hyperfine splitting constants aN with varying remote aryl substituents. Calculations were performed for all three oxidation states of the [R2C2N3S]-/./+ monomeric rings; the resulting theoretical redox energies correlate well with solution phase voltammetric data.
- Boere, Rene T.,Roemmele, Tracey L.,Yu, Xin
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experimental part
p. 5123 - 5136
(2011/08/03)
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- The fourth molybdenum containing enzyme mARC: Cloning and involvement in the activation of N-hydroxylated prodrugs
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The recently discovered mammalian molybdoprotein mARC1 is capable of reducing N-hydroxylated compounds. Upon reconstitution with cytochrome b 5 and b5 reductase, benzamidoxime, pentamidine, and diminazene amidoximes, N-hydroxymelagatran, guanoxabenz, and N-hydroxydebrisoquine are efficiently reduced. These substances are amidoxime/N-hydroxyguanidine prodrugs, leading to improved bioavailability compared to the active amidines/guanidines. Thus, the recombinant enzyme allows prediction about in vivo reduction of N-hydroxylated prodrugs. Furthermore, the prodrug principle is not dependent on cytochrome P450 enzymes.
- Gruenewald, Sanja,Wahl, Bettina,Bittner, Florian,Hungeling, Helen,Kanzow, Stephanie,Kotthaus, Joscha,Schwering, Ulrike,Mendel, Ralf R.,Clement, Bernd
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scheme or table
p. 8173 - 8177
(2009/12/07)
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- Pyrimidine benzamide-based thrombopoietin receptor agonists
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A series of pyrimidine benzamide-based thrombopoietin receptor agonists is described. The lead molecule contains a 2-amino-5-unsubstituted thiazole, a group that has been associated with idiosyncratic toxicity. The potential for metabolic oxidation at C-5 of the thiazole, the likely source of toxic metabolites, was removed by substitution at C-5 or by replacing the thiazole with a thiadiazole. Potency in the series was improved by modifying the substituents on the pyrimidine and/or on the thiazole or thiadiazole pendant aryl ring. In vivo examination revealed that compounds from the series are not highly bioavailable. This is attributed to low solubility and poor permeability.
- Reiter, Lawrence A.,Subramanyam, Chakrapani,Mangual, Emilio J.,Jones, Christopher S.,Smeets, Marc I.,Brissette, William H.,McCurdy, Sandra P.,Lira, Paul D.,Linde, Robert G.,Li, Qifang,Zhang, Fangning,Antipas, Amy S.,Blumberg, Laura C.,Doty, Jonathan L.,Driscoll, James P.,Munchhof, Michael J.,Ripp, Sharon L.,Shavnya, Andrei,Shepard, Richard M.,Sperger, Diana,Thomasco, Lisa M.,Trevena, Kristen A.,Wolf-Gouveia, Lilli A.,Zhang, Liling
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p. 5447 - 5454
(2008/03/11)
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- Unusually weak binding interactions in tetrazole-amidine complexes
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Tetrazoles frequently replace carboxylic acids in pharmaceutical drugs. However, while the binding modes of tetrazolate and carboxylate anions in amidinium complexes turns out to be similar, the association constant of the former is 2-3 orders of magnitude smaller in DMSO. Crystal structures revealed that the N...H-N hydrogen bonds in amidinium tetrazolates are bent (162° and 169°) and noticeably longer (N...N 2.96 A) than corresponding hydrogen bonds in both amidinium carboxylates and ammonium tetrazolates.
- Tominey, Alan F.,Docherty, Paul H.,Rosair, Georgina M.,Quenardelle, Romain,Kraft, Arno
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p. 1279 - 1282
(2007/10/03)
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- PHENYLNAPHTHYLIMIDAZOLES FOR USE ON COPPER SURFACES DURING SOLDERING
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A surface treating agent containing a novel phenylnaphthylimidazole compound represented by the following formula is brought into contact with the surface of copper or a copper alloy. In the formula, when A1 is a phenyl group, then A2 represents a 1-naphthyl group or a 2-naphthyl group, and when A1 is a 1-naphthyl group or a 2-naphthyl group, then A2 represents a phenyl group; and R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
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Page/Page column 23-25
(2010/02/15)
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- Direct Conversion of Amidoximes to Amidines via Transfer Hydrogenation
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Amidoximes, O-alkylamidoximes, and O-acylamidoximes are directly converted to amidines by reaction with ammonium formate and Pd/C in acetic acid.
- Anbazhagan, Mariappan,Boykin, David W.,Stephens, Chad E.
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p. 2467 - 2469
(2007/10/03)
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- Benzimidazolinones, benzoxazolinones, benzopiperazinones, indanones, and derivatives thereof as inhibitors of factor Xa
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The present application describes inhibitors of factor Xa of formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, wherein W, W1, W2, and W3may be N or C and J, Ja, and Jbcombine to form a substituted carbocycle or heterocycle.
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- Isoxazoline fibrinogen receptor antagonists
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This invention relates to novel isoxazolines and isoxazoles of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug form thereof. The invention relates to novel isoxazolines which are useful as antagonists of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa fibrinogen receptor complex, to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds, and to methods of using these compounds, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the inhibition of platelet aggregation, as thrombolytics, and/or for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders.
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- Nitrogen containing heteroaromatics as factor Xa inhibitors
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The present application describes nitrogen containing heteroaromatics and derivatives thereof of formula I: or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug forms thereof, wherein J is N or NH and D may be C(=NH)NH2, which are useful as inhibitors of factor Xa.
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- Organometallic complexes of aluminium, gallium and indium
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Novel organometallic complexes of aluminium, gallium and indium are disclosed, having improved stability and volatility for use in CVD processes. These are donor ligand complexes of the formula MR2 L where M is the metal, R is an alkyl group and L is a ligand containing an amidine (R'N. . . C(R'). . . NR') group, where R' is H, alkyl etc.
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- Isoxazoline and isoxazole fibrinogen receptor antagonists
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This invention relates to novel isoxazolines and isoxazoles which are useful as antagonists of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa fibrinogen receptor complex or the vitronectin receptor, to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds, and to methods of using these compounds, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the inhibition of platelet aggregation, as thrombolytics, and/or for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders.
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- 2-Phenyl-4-(aminomethyl)imidazoles as Potential Antipsychotic Agents. Synthesis and Dopamine D2 Receptor Binding
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A series of 2-phenyl-4-(aminomethyl)imidazoles were designed as conformationally restricted analogs of the dopamine D2 selective benzamide antipsychotics.The title compounds were synthesized and tested for blockade of YM-09151 binding in cloned African green monkey dopamine D2 receptor preparations.The binding affinity data thus obtained were compared against that of the benzamides and a previously described series of 2-phenyl-5-(aminomethyl)pyrroles.
- Thurkauf, Andrew,Hutchison, Alan,Peterson, John,Cornfield, Linda,Meade, Robin,et al.
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p. 2251 - 2255
(2007/10/02)
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- Peptide mimics useful as platelet aggregation inhibitors
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This invention relates to compounds having the following formula STR1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which are useful in the inhibition of platelet aggregation, to pharmaceutical compositions of such phenylamidines derivatives, and to a method of inhibiting platelet aggregation in mammals by administering such compounds and compositions.
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- Reaction of arylhalodiazirines with thiophenoxide: A redox process
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Phenylbromodiazirine reacts with thiophenoxide ion in methanol to give benzonitrile, benzamidine, ammonia, and diphenyl disulfide. The reaction is general for arylhalodiazirines, with electron-withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring exerting a small rate-enhancing effect. Three potential mechanisms are suggested for this redox process. These mechanisms include an N-sulfenylated diazirine, a diazirinyl radical, and a diazirinyl anion. Ring opening of these intermediates and subsequent transformations would lead to benzonitriles, benzamidine, and ammonia. A key intermediate in these transformations is PhSNH2, 32. This intermediate has been independently generated and found to rapidly convert to ammonia and diphenyl disulfide under the reaction conditions. Another proposed intermediate, N-(phenylthio)benzamidine, 38, has also been independently generated and subjected to the reaction conditions, where benzamidine and more diphenyl disulfide result. Theoretical calculations suggest the existence of isomeric diazirinyl anions. In addition to a diazirinyl ion with charge essentially on carbon, there is also an allylic-type ion with charge on the two nitrogen atoms. Single-electron reduction of a diazirinyl radical necessarily leads to a nitrogen-centered diazirinyl anion. Conversion of this anion to the carbon-centered diazirinyl anion is a forbidden process. These theoretical studies suggest that the diazirinyl anion may be a viable intermediate in solution.
- Creary, Xavier,Sky, Anthony F.,Phillips, Gillian,Alonso, David E.
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p. 7584 - 7592
(2007/10/02)
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- N,N'-diarylbenzamidines useful as ultraviolet light absorbers
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Substituted benzamidines and their hydrochloride salts are useful as ultraviolet light absorbers, the benzamidines having the formula STR1 wherein: A1 and A2 may be the same or different and represent --COOR1, --CONR1 R2, --C N or --C6 H5 ; A3 represents --H, --OH, --OR, --Cl, --NO2, --C N, --C6 H5, or an alkyl group of one to five carbon atoms; R1 and R2 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or an alkyl group of one to ten carbon atoms; and, R represents an alkyl group of one to ten carbon atoms.
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- An efficient conversion of nitriles to amidines
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A convenient method has been developed for direct conversion of nitriles to amidines in high yields. The method can also be applied to the preparation of guanidines from N-alkyl cyanamides.
- Garigipati
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p. 1969 - 1972
(2007/10/02)
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- Dithiatetrazocines and Dithiadiazolium Salts
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Benzamidine and sulphur dichloride give the dithiadiazolium salt (2) as well as dithiatetrazocine (1), though better syntheses for both are reported; the first heterocyclic (7) and unsymmetrical (10) derivatives of dithiatetrazocine are described, and one dimethylamino substituent, in (10), is shown to be sufficient to destroy the planarity of the dithiatetrazocine ring.
- Amin, Mehul,Rees, Charles W.
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p. 1137 - 1138
(2007/10/02)
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- 5-substituted[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-2-amines
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This invention is concerned with 5-substituted[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidin-2-amines selected from those of Formula I, which are active as antiasthma agents.
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