- Repurposing the Clinically Efficacious Antifungal Agent Itraconazole as an Anticancer Chemotherapeutic
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Itraconazole (ITZ) is an FDA-approved member of the triazole class of antifungal agents. Two recent drug repurposing screens identified ITZ as a promising anticancer chemotherapeutic that inhibits both the angiogenesis and hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways. We have synthesized and evaluated first- and second-generation ITZ analogues for their anti-Hh and antiangiogenic activities to probe more fully the structural requirements for these anticancer properties. Our overall results suggest that the triazole functionality is required for ITZ-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis but that it is not essential for inhibition of Hh signaling. The synthesis and evaluation of stereochemically defined des-triazole ITZ analogues also provides key information as to the optimal configuration around the dioxolane ring of the ITZ scaffold. Finally, the results from our studies suggest that two distinct cellular mechanisms of action govern the anticancer properties of the ITZ scaffold.
- Pace, Jennifer R.,Deberardinis, Albert M.,Sail, Vibhavari,Tacheva-Grigorova, Silvia K.,Chan, Kelly A.,Tran, Raymond,Raccuia, Daniel S.,Wechsler-Reya, Robert J.,Hadden, M. Kyle
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p. 3635 - 3649
(2016/05/24)
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- Efficient Synthesis of 6-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin- 4(3H)-ones via an Iminophosphorane
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Ethyl 2-amino-4-methyl-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)thiophene-3-carboxylate 2, obtained from Gewald reaction of 1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acetone 1 with ethyl cyanoacetate and sulfur, was transferred into iminophosphorane 3. Further reaction of 3 with aromatic isocyanates gave carbodiimides 4, which were treated subsequently with a secondary amine to give 6-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-thieno[2, 3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones 6 in good yields in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium ethoxide. Copyright
- Sun, Yong,Huang, Nian-Yu,Ding, Ming-Wu
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experimental part
p. 1985 - 1991
(2010/09/06)
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- Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of a Series of Novel 1,2-Disubstituted Propenones
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To find an antifungal agent other than those of the imidazole and triazole series, a new class of 1,2-disubstituted propenones I and II was prepared and tested for antifungal activity.Comparison of the structure-activity relationships showed that the conjugated structure of carbonyl and exomethylene groups in I and II plays an important role in potent antifungal acivity.However, it is noteworthy that compounds 53, 54, and 56, which have a hydroxymethyl or methoxymethyl group instead of an exo-methylene group in I, also showed potent activity.Although many compounds exhibited strong antifungal activity in vitro, none showed activity in vivo of oral efficacy against subacute systemic candidiasis in mice. '
- Ogata, Masaru,Matsumoto, Hiroshi,Kida, Shiro,Shimizu, Sumio,Tawara, Katsuya,Kawamura, Yoshimi
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p. 1497 - 1502
(2007/10/02)
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