- Total Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)-Paroxetine and (+)-Femoxetine
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Total, asymmetric synthesis of (+)-Paroxetine and (+)-Femoxetine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, used for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and panic disorders is reported. The key step is organocatalytic Michael addition of aldehydes to trans-nitroalkenes realized in bath or continues flow. High efficiency and selectivity in the Michael addition was achieved by application of Wang resin-supported Hayashi–J?rgensen catalyst.
- Szcze?niak, Piotr,Buda, Szymon,Lefevre, Laura,Staszewska-Krajewska, Olga,Mlynarski, Jacek
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p. 6973 - 6982
(2019/11/20)
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- Thiosemicarbazones as Aedes aegypti larvicidal
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Abstract A set of aryl- and phenoxymethyl-(thio)semicarbazones were synthetized, characterized and biologically evaluated against the larvae of Aedes aegypti (A. egypti), the vector responsible for diseases like Dengue and Yellow Fever. (Q)SAR studies were useful for predicting the activities of the compounds not included to create the QSAR model as well as to predict the features of a new compound with improved activity. Docking studies corroborated experimental evidence of AeSCP-2 as a potential target able to explain the larvicidal properties of its compounds. The trend observed between the in silico Docking scores and the in vitro pLC50 (equals -log LC50, at molar concentration) data indicated that the highest larvicidal compounds, or the compounds with the highest values for pLC50, are usually those with the higher docking scores (i.e., greater in silico affinity for the AeSCP-2 target). Determination of cytotoxicity for these compounds in mammal cells demonstrated that the top larvicide compounds are non-toxic.
- Da Silva, Jo?o Bosco P.,Navarro, Daniela Maria Do A.F.,Da Silva, Aluizio G.,Santos, Geanne K.N.,Dutra, Kamilla A.,Moreira, Diogo Rodrigo,Ramos, Mozart N.,Espíndola, José Wanderlan P.,De Oliveira, Ana Daura T.,Brondani, Dalci José,Leite, Ana Cristina L.,Hernandes, Marcelo Zaldini,Pereira, Valéria R.A.,Da Rocha, Lucas F.,De Castro, Maria Carolina A.B.,De Oliveira, Beatriz C.,Lan, Que,Merz, Kenneth M.
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p. 162 - 175
(2015/06/22)
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- Copper(ii)-catalyzed C-O coupling of aryl bromides with aliphatic diols: Synthesis of ethers, phenols, and benzo-fused cyclic ethers
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A highly efficient copper-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling reaction between aryl bromides and aliphatic diols has been developed employing a cheaper, more efficient, and easily removable copper(ii) catalyst. A broad range of aryl bromides were coupled with aliphatic diols of different lengths using 5 mol% CuCl2 and 3 equivalents of K2CO3 in the absence of any other ligands or solvents to afford the corresponding hydroxyalkyl aryl ethers in good to excellent yields. In this newly developed protocol, aliphatic diols have multilateral functions as coupling reactants, ligands, and solvents. The resulting hydroxyalkyl aryl ethers were further readily converted into the corresponding phenols, presenting a valuable alternative way to phenols from aryl bromides. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that they are useful intermediates for more advanced molecules such as benzofurans and benzo-fused cyclic ethers. This journal is
- Liu, Yajun,Park, Se Kyung,Xiao, Yan,Chae, Junghyun
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supporting information
p. 4747 - 4753
(2014/06/24)
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- Catalysis through temporary intramolecularity: Mechanistic investigations on aldehyde-catalyzed cope-type hydroamination lead to the discovery of a more efficient tethering catalyst
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Mechanistic investigations on the aldehyde-catalyzed intermolecular hydroamination of allylic amines using N-alkylhydroxylamines are presented. Under the reaction conditions, the presence of a specific aldehyde catalyst allows formation of a mixed aminal intermediate, which permits intramolecular Cope-type hydroamination. The reaction was determined to be first-order in both the aldehyde catalyst (α-benzyloxyacetaldehyde) and the allylic amine. However, the reaction displays an inverse order behavior in benzylhydroxylamine, which reveals a significant off-cycle pathway and highlights the importance of an aldehyde catalyst that promotes a reversible aminal formation. Kinetic isotope effect experiments suggest that hydroamination is the rate-limiting step of this catalytic cycle. Overall, these results enabled the elaboration of a more accurate catalytic cycle and led to the development of a more efficient catalytic system for alkene hydroamination. The use of 5-10 mol % of paraformaldehyde proved more effective than the use of 20 mol % of α-benzyloxyacetaldehyde, leading to high yields of intermolecular hydroamination products within 24 h at 30 °C.
- Guimond, Nicolas,MacDonald, Melissa J.,Lemieux, Valerie,Beauchemin, Andre M.
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supporting information
p. 16571 - 16577,7
(2020/09/15)
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- The synthesis of some new hydrazone derivatives containing the benzothiazole moiety
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Hydrazones are an important class of compounds found in many synthetic products. Due to their importance in synthetic chemistry, the present article reports the synthesis of a new series of ten compounds based on the coupling of 2-oxo-3(2H)-benzothiazoleacetic acid, hydrazide and 2-thioxo-3(2H)- -benzothiazoleacetic acid, hydrazide with different aldehydes. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses, IR, 1H- -NMR, 13C-NMR and FAB+-MS spectral data. Copyright 2012 (CC) SCS.
- Oezdemir, Ahmet,Turan-Zitouni, Guelhan,Kaplancikli, Zafer Asim,Altintop, Mehlika Dilek
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scheme or table
p. 141 - 146
(2012/06/18)
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- Synthesis of aryloxyacetaldehydes and N-(aryloxyethyl)cyclohexanamine hydrochloroides
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Oxidation of 2-(aryloxymethyl)oxiranes with periodic acid gave a series of aryloxyacetaldehydes which reacted with cyclohexylamine in THF, and subsequent reduction of Schiff bases thus obtained with sodium tetrahydridoborate resulted in the formation of the corresponding secondary amines which were isolated and characterized as hydrochlorides.
- Shapenova,Belyatskii,Panicheva
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experimental part
p. 1017 - 1020
(2010/10/21)
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- An improved two-step synthetic route to primary allylic alcohols from aldehydes
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An improved two-step synthetic route to allylic alcohols from aldehydes has been developed. A modification of the HWE reaction in H2O-2-PrOH (1 : 1) and a convenient protocol to prepare AlH3 in THF from LiAlH 4 and n-BuBr are the key factors in the improvement.
- Liu, Zheng,Gong, Yaqiong,Byun, Hoe-Sup,Bittman, Robert
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experimental part
p. 470 - 475
(2010/06/14)
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- The synthesis of 5-hydroxy-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione and 5,8-dihydroxy-1-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione
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5-Hydroxy-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione (1), a metabolite isolated from Aloe ferox and Bulbine capitata, has been synthesized by a sequence involving an annulation reaction between the anion of 4-methoxy-3-oxo-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-carbonitrile (8) and (E)-pent-3-en-2-one, followed by subsequent construction of the furan ring through allylic bromination, hydrolysis, and dehydration as the key steps. The formation of several unusual products observed in annulation reactions between (8) and O-protected derivatives of (E)-5-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one (9) can be rationalized by invoking the intermediacy of a reactive o-quinone methide. 5,8-Dihydroxy-1-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione (2), another naturally occurring naphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione, has been prepared by a Friedel-Crafts acylation of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene with 2-methylfuran-3,4-dicarbonyl dichloride. Arguments are presented that 5,8-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione is a better structural representation than the alternative 4,9-dihydroxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-5,8-dione tautomer in such systems, as the latter would contain a reactive isobenzofuran moiety.
- Piggott, Matthew J.,Wege, Dieter
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p. 691 - 702
(2007/10/03)
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- N-Acyl-2-substituted-1,3-thiazolidines, a New Class of Non-narcotic Antitussive Agents: Studies Leading to the Discovery of Ethyl 2--β-oxothiazolidine-3-propanoate
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The synthesis of a novel class of antitussive agents is described.The compounds were examined for antitussive activity in guinea pig after cough induction by electrical or chemical stimulation.Ethyl 2--β-oxothiazolidine-3-propanoate (BBR 2173, moguisteine, 7) and other structurally related compounds showed a significant level of activity, comparable to that of codeine and dextromethorphan.The compounds presented in this paper are characterized by the N-acyl-2-substituted-1,3-thiazolidine moiety, which is a novel entry in the field of antitussive agents.The serendipitous discovery of the role played by the thiazolidine moiety in the determining the antitussive effect promoted extensive investigations on these structures.This optimization process on N-acyl-2-substituted-1,3-thiazolidines led to the initial identification of 2--3--1,3-thiazolidine (18a) as an interesting lead compound.The careful study of the rapid and very complicated metabolism of 18a provided further insights for the design of newer related derivatives.The observation that the metabolic oxidation on the lateral chain's sulfur of 18a to sulfoxide maintained the antitussive properties suggested the introduction of isosteric functional groups with respect to the sulfoxide moiety.Subsequent structural modifications showed that hydrolyzable malonic residues in the 3-position of the thiazolidine ring were able to assure high antitussive activity.This optimization ultimately led to the selection of moguisteine (7) as the most effective and safest representative of the series.Moguisteine is completely devoid of unwanted side effects (such as sedation and addiction), and its activity was demonstrated also in clinical studies.
- Gandolfi, Carmelo A.,Domenico, Roberto Di,Spinelli, Silvano,Gallico, Licia,Fiocchi, Luigi,et al.
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p. 508 - 525
(2007/10/02)
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- Cyclic amino-thioacetal amides, a process for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions
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Cyclic amino-thioacetal amides of formula I STR1 wherein X is O, S, p is 1 or 2, R and R1 are optionally esterified hydrogen or carboxy, A is a single bond, methylene or ethylene, m is zero or 1, n is an integer 1 to 7 and y is a imidazole or β-pyridylmethyl residue. Compounds I have valuable therapeutic properties.
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- Ethers and thioethers having therapeutical activity, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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Compounds of formula I STR1 wherein Ar is an optionally substituted phenyl ring; B is a single bond, a group --(CH2 OCH2)n being n=1 or 2, a 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-dioxolane ring or a 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-thioxolane ring, R is a single bond, an optionally substituted methylene or ethylene group and T is 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, an optionally salified or esterified carboxy group or a carboxyamide group. Said compounds are useful in treatment of respiratory diseases.
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- Ethers and thioethers having therapeutical activity, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
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Compounds of formula I wherein Ar is an optionally substituted phenyl ring; B is a single bond, a group -(CH2OCH2)nbeing n = 1 or 2, a a 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-dioxolane ring or a 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-thioxolane ring, R is a single bond, an optionally substituted methylene or ethylene group and T is 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, an optionally salified or esterified carboxy group or a carboxyamide group. Said compounds are useful in treatment of respiratory diseases.
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