- Preparation method of 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene
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The invention discloses a preparation method of 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out a reaction on halgen-containing inorganic salt and sevofluoroisobutenyl methyl ether in a first aprotic solvent, adding water into the solution to stir, cool and filter after the reaction, and rectifying the filtrate to obtain hexafluoroisobutyric acid; and (2) carrying out a reaction on the hexafluoroisobutyric acid obtained in the step (1) and a hydrogen ion capturing agent, collecting a generated gas phase product and cooling the product to obtain the 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene product. The preparation method has the advantages of being simple in process, environment-friendly, low in cost and green and environment-friendly.
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Paragraph 0040-0045
(2019/04/27)
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- Reactions of fluoroalk-1-en-1-yltrifluoroborate and perfluoroalk-1-yn-1- yltrifluoroborate salts and selected hydrocarbon analogues with hydrogen fluoride and with halogenating agents in aHF and in basic solvents
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The relative rate of the electrophilic hydrodeboration of K[R′BF 3] with HF (27-100%) diminishes in the series R′ = C 4H9CC > C4F9CFCFCC > CF 2C(CF3) > C3F7CC ~ (CF 3)2CFCC > CF3CC. When R′ = CF 3CC the new salt K[CF3CH2-CF2BF 3] was obtained by addition of HF besides CF3CCH and K[BF4]. Small amounts of water caused the formation of K[CF 3CH2-C(O)BF3] as a by-product. The electrophilic halofluorination of perfluoroalkenyltrifluoroborate salts with NCS or NBS in aHF (anhydrous HF) led to K[RFCFHal-CF2BF 3] (from K[RFCFCFBF3]) and K[R FCHal2-CF2BF3] (from K[R FCHalCFBF3] and K[RFCCBF3]) (Hal = Cl, Br). Treatment of K[RFCFCFBF3] and K[R FCCBF3] with 5% F2/N2 in MeCN gave the corresponding salts K[RFCF2-CF2BF 3] in 16-25% isolated yield. Reactions of K[trans-C4F 9CFCFBF3] with Cl2 in MeOH resulted in K[C 4F9CFCl-C(O)BF3] (major product). The latter was also obtained in reactions of K[trans-C4F9CFCFBF 3] with Cl2 in MeCN or sulfolane after sequential methanolysis of the primarily formed products. In contrast, the salts K[RCFCFBF3] (R = CnF2n+1, trans-C 4H9) and K[CF3CCBF3] underwent bromodeboration to RCFCFBr and CF3CCBr, respectively, when they were reacted with bromine in the polar solvents MeOH, MeCN, or sulfolane.
- Bardin, Vadim V.,Adonin, Nicolay Yu.,Frohn, Hermann-Josef
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experimental part
p. 114 - 128
(2012/04/10)
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- PROCESS FOR DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF HALOGENATED ALKANES
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A process for the manufacture of halogenated olefins in semi-batch mode by dehydrohalogenation of halogenated alkanes in the presence of an aqueous base such as KOH which simultaneously neutralizes the resulting hydrogen halide. During the process, aqueous base is continuously added to the haloalkane which results in better yields, lower by-product formation and safer/more controllable operation.
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Page/Page column 4
(2011/11/12)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHLORINATED AND/OR FLUORINATED PROPENES
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The present invention provides one-step processes for the production of chlorinated and/or fluorinated propenes. The processes provide good product yield with low, e.g., less than about 20%, or even less than 10%, concentrations of residues/by-products. Advantageously, the processes may be conducted at low temperatures than 500° C. so that energy savings are provided, and/or at higher pressures so that high throughputs may also be realized. The use of catalysts or initiators may provide additional enhancements to conversion rates and selectivity, as may adjustments to the molar ratio of the reactants.
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Page/Page column 8
(2011/04/25)
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- PREPARATION OF HALOGEN AND HYDROGEN CONTAINING ALKENES OVER METAL FLUORIDE CATALYSTS
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Halogenated alkenes, especially fluorinated alkenes can be prepared from halogenated and fluorinated alkanes, respectively, by dehydrohalogenation or dehydrofluorination in the presence of a high-surface metal fluoride or oxifluoride. Preferably, trifluoroethylene, pentafluoropropene, tetrafluorobutenes or trifluorobutadiene are prepared. Aluminium fluoride is highly suitable. The metal fluoride or oxifluoride can be applied supported on a carrier.
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Page/Page column 18-20
(2009/03/07)
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- Method of dechlorinating organic compounds comprising vicinal chlorides
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Provided is a method for selectively preparing 2-chloropentafluoropropene comprising catalytic dechlorination of 1,2,2-trichloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane in the presence of hydrogen and a noble metal catalyst. Also provided is method for dechlorinating a vicinal chloride substituted organic compound using a palladium/barium sulfate catalyst.
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Page/Page column 8
(2009/01/24)
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- PROCESSES FOR SEPARATION OF FLUOROOLEFINS FROM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE BY AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION
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The present disclosure relates to a process for separating a fluoroolefin from a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride and fluoroolefin, comprising azeotropic distillation both with and without an entrainer. In particular are disclosed processes for separating any of HFC-1225ye, HFC-1234ze, HFC-1234yf or HFC-1243zf from HF.
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Page/Page column 25
(2008/06/13)
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- PROCESS
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The invention relates to a process for preparing a C3-6 hydrofluoroalkene comprising dehydrohalogenating a C3-6 hydrohalofluoroalkane in the presence of a zinc/chromia catalyst.
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Page/Page column 33-38
(2008/06/13)
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- Noncatalytic manufacture of 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene from 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane
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1,1,3,3,3-Pentafluoropropene (CF3CH═CF2, HFC-1225zc) can be produced by pyrolyzing 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CF3CH2CF3, HFC-236fa) in the absence of dehydrofluorination catalyst at temperatures of from about 700° C. to about 1000° C. and total pressures of about atmosphere pressure in an empty, tubular reactor, the interior surfaces of which comprise materials of construction resistant to hydrogen fluoride.
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Page/Page column 4
(2008/06/13)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 1,1,1,3,3,3-HEXAFLUOROPROPANE
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A process for the preparation of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane is disclosed. The process involves (a) contacting at least one halopropane of the formula CF3CH2CHyX3-y (where each X is independently F, Cl or Br, and y is 3, 2, or 1) with Cl?2#191 in the presence of light or a free radical initiator to produce a mixture comprising CF3CH2CCIyX3-y; (b) contacting the CF3CH2CCIyX3-y produced in step (a) with HF, optionally in the presence of a fluorination catalyst, to produce a product mixture comprising CF3CH2CF3; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CF3 from the mixture produced in step (b).
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Page/Page column 14-15
(2008/06/13)
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- Method of making 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene
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The invention provides an economic process for the manufacture of the hydrofluorocarbon 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFC-1225zc). HFC-1225zc can be made from the dehydrochlorination of 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-235fa). Alternatively, HFC-1225zc can also be made from the dehydrofluorination of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa). HFC-1225zc) is a compound that has the potential to be used as a low Global Warming Potential refrigerant, blowing agent, aerosol propellant, or solvent.
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Page/Page column 3-4
(2008/06/13)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,1,1,3,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE AND 1,1,1,2,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE
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A process is disclosed for the manufacture of CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F. The process involves (a) reacting hydrogen fluoride, chlorine, and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCl=CClX (where each X is independently F or Cl) to produce a product including both CF3CCl2CClF2 and CF3CClFCCl2F; (b) reacting CF3CCl2CClF2 and CF3CClFCCl2F produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including both CF3CH2CHF2, and CF3CHFCH2F; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CHF2 and CF3CHFCH2F from the product produced in (b). In (a), the CF3CCl2CClF2 and CF3CClFCCl2F are produced in the presence of a chlorofluorination catalyst including a ZnCr2O4/crystalline α-chromium oxide composition, a ZnCr2O4/crystalline α-chromium oxide composition which has been treated with a fluorinating agent, a zinc halide/α-chromium oxide composition and/or a zinc halide/α-chromium oxide composition which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.
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Page/Page column 17; 19
(2008/06/13)
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- Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons
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Systems and methods for producing fluorocarbons are provided that include contacting a saturated halogenated fluorocarbon with hydrogen and catalyst to produce a saturated hydrofluorocarbon and an unsaturated fluorocarbon. Aspects of the present invention describe systems and methods for contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons such as CF3CClFCF3 and/or CF3CCl2CF3 with hydrogen and catalyst. Systems and methods of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with catalysts having one or more of K, Zr, Na, Ni, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, and Pd. Aspects of the present invention also describe contacting saturated halogenated fluorocarbons with hydrogen under pressure. Saturated hydroflourocarbons and unsaturated fluorocarbons produced in accordance with the systems and methods of the present invention can include one or more of CF3CFHCF3, CF3CH2CF3, CF3CHClCF3, CF3CF═CF2, CF3CH═CF2, and CF3CCl═CF2.
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Page/Page column 3-14
(2008/06/13)
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- PREPARATION OF SELECTED FLUOROOLEFINS
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A process is disclosed for producing (CF3)2C=CH2, CF3CH=CF2, CF2=C(CF3)OCF2CHF2 and C6H5C(CF3)=CF2. The process involves contacting the corresponding fluorocarbon starting material selected from (CF3)2CFCH2F, (CF3)2CHF, (CF3)2CFOCF2CHF2 and C6H5CF(CF3)2, in the vapor phase, with a defluorination reagent selected from carbon, copper, iron, nickel and zinc at an elevated temperature of at least 300 DEG C.
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- Preparation of 1-X-2,2-Difluoroethenylxenon(II) Tetrafluoroborates [CF 2=CXXe][BF4]
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The new type of alkenylxenon(II) salts [CF2=CXXe] [BF 4] (X = H, Cl, CF3) was prepared by reacting the corresponding alkenyldifluoroboranes CF2=CXBF2 with XeF2 in 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropa
- Frohn, Hermann-Josef,Bardin, Vadim V.
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p. 2465 - 2469
(2008/10/09)
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- Catalytic manufacture of pentafluoropropenes
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A process is disclosed for the manufacture of a pentafluoropropene of the formula: CFX═CYCF3where X is selected from H and F and where Y is F when X is H and Y is H when X is F. The process involves contacting a hexafluoropropane of the formula: CF2XCHYCF3at a temperature of from about 200° C. to 500° C. with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of an inert gas. Suitable catalysts include (1) catalysts of (a) at least one compound selected from the oxides, fluorides and oxyfluorides of magnesium, zinc and mixtures of magnesium and zinc, and optionally (b) at least one compound selected from the oxides, fluorides and oxyfluorides of aluminum; provided that the atomic ratio of aluminum to the total of magnesium and zinc in said catalyst is about 1:4, or less (e.g., 1:9), (2) lanthanum fluoride, (3) fluorided lanthanum oxide, (4) activated carbon, and (5) three-dimensional matrix carbonaceous materials.
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Page column 7
(2010/11/29)
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- METHOD OF MAKING HYDROFLUOROCARBONS
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A method of producing hydrofluorocarbons and methods of producing other commercially attractive compounds formed as by-products of hydrofluorocarbon production by using aldehydes as a principal reactant.
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- Substituent Effects on the Disproportionation-Combination Rate Constant Ratios for Gas-Phase Halocarbon Radicals. IV. Reactions of ·CF3+ CF3CH2CF2· and CF3CH2CF2· + CF3CH2CF2·
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Rate constant ratios, kd/kc, for the disproportionation/combination reaction at a temperature of 295 ± 2 K, have been measured as 0.034 ± 0.009 for the collision between CF3CH2CF2 + CF3 radicals and as 0.075 ± 0.019 for CF3CH2CF2 + CF3CH2CF2 radicals. The effect of the two fluorine substituents on the rate constant ratio is compared to previous kd/kcs with CF3CH2CH2, CF3CH2CHCl, and CF3CH2CHCF3 radicals.
- Smith, Shane R.,Holmes, Bert E.
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p. 237 - 243
(2007/10/03)
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- Process for the purification of chlorofluorohydrocarbons
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The invention relates to a process for removing olefinic impurities from hydrogen-containing chlorofluorohydrocarbons (HCFCs) in which the contaminated HCFCs are passed in the gas phase at 200° to 400° C. over a zeolite.
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- Convenient Preparation and Functionalization of 2-Metallated Pentafluoropropenes
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The title compounds are prepared by metallation of CF3CH=CF2 with LDA or t-BuLi or by metallation of CF3CBr2CF3 with 2 equivalents of zinc.CF3C(ZnX)=CF2 undergoes halogenation, oxidative dimerization, allylation and acylation reactions. Key Words: vinyl organofluorine zinc reagent; organolithium; zinc; oxidative coupling; halogenation
- Morken, Peter A.,Lu, Hengyao,Nakamura, Akihiro,Burton, Donald J.
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p. 4271 - 4274
(2007/10/02)
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- REACTIONS OF TRIFLUOROMETHYL AND TRIPLET METHYLENE RADICALS WITH SOME ALKYLSILANES
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The recombination of CF3 and CH2SiF3 radicals was used to prepare CF3CH2SiF3 by collisional stabilization of the initially formed hot molecule, CF3CH2SiF3*.One fate of this hot species, not so far observed, is its decomposition to give CF3CH2 and SiF3 radicals, a process which leads to additional products.In separate studies of the reactions of 3CH2 with CF3CH2SiF3, the formation of CH3SiF3 is observed, and this is suggested to be through a 5-coordinate radical exchange process.
- Bell, T. N.,Marciniak, B.,Sherwood, A. G.
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p. 3818 - 3820
(2007/10/02)
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- ROH Molecule Assisted Elimination of F- from (CF3)2CH- and (CF3)2CD- in Gas-Phase Elcb-Type Reactions
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The gas-phase reactions of the carbanion (CF3)2CH- with the following series of ROH molecules, (CF3)2CHOH, CF3CH2OH, (CH3)3COH, CH3OH, and H2O, are described.In each case, formation of ROH assisted Elcb elimination cluster ion F-(HOR)χ (χ =/> 1) was the major or exclusive reaction channel.The reactions of (CF3)2CD- with these ROH molecules were also examined to observe if D/H exchange occurred in the carbanion-HOR collisions and if deuterium was incorporated into the cluster ion of ROH assisted Elcb elimination.The results from the reactions of (CF3)2CH- and (CF3)2CD-6 with (CH3)3COH (i) the primary product ion was F-(HOC(CH3)3)2; (ii) extensive D/H exchange was observed in (CF3)2CD-, but no deuterium was observed in the fluoride cluster ion product; and (iii) D/H exchange and elimination occurred with the same rate constants> led to the proposal that coordination of (CH3)3COH occurred at two separate sites in the carbanion, C2 for D/H exchange and fluorine of a CF3 group for the ROH assisted Elcb elimination.The results from the collision limited reactions of (CF3)2CHOH and CF3CH2OH are consistent with this mechanistic proposal.The reactions of the carbanions with CH3OH and H2O were too slow to allow for detailed analysis.
- McDonald, Richard N.,McGhee, William D.,Chowdhury, A. Kasem
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p. 7334 - 7340
(2007/10/02)
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