- Hybrid rigid/soft and biologic/synthetic materials: Polymers grafted onto cellulose microcrystals
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Rigid nanoscale polymer rods were prepared by grafting preformed amine-terminated poly(styrene) and poly(tert-butyl acrylate) onto oxidized cellulose microcrystals. Low polydispersity polymers, grown using atom transfer radical polymerization, were characterized and purified prior to cellulose attachment. Oxidation of the cellulose microcrystal led to the formation of carboxylic acids on the surface of the microcrystals. Covalent attachment of the polymers onto the cellulose microcrystals was achieved via a carbodiimide-mediated amidation reaction. The length and diameter of the polymer-cellulose composites increased upon surface modification. Typically, polymer-cellulose composites are synthesized by a grafting-from method because it can be difficult to obtain sufficient graft density using a grafting-to preparation. However, the composites reported here comprised 60-64% grafted polymer by mass. This degree of grafting-to allowed the composite to form stable suspensions in organic solvents.
- Harrisson, Simon,Drisko, Glenna L.,Malmstroem, Eva,Hult, Anders,Wooley, Karen L.
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Read Online
- Preparation method of precursor raw material Pht-AEEA-AEEA for somatostatin side chain
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The preparation method comprises the following steps: in the reaction kettle, adding AEEA phthalic AEEA anhydride, toluene, opening stirring, heating and refluxing, separating the 100 ml water Pht through a water separator, ending the reaction, and lowering the temperature to room temperature. Post-treatment: addition of saturated NaHCO3 The solution was washed 1h. The method is scientific and reasonable in structure, safe and convenient to use, and safe and convenient to use; the product is prepared by using @timetime@ petroleum ether 1:20, AEEA-AEEA ethyl ester as a raw material, PA-AEEA - ethyl ester preparation third and deamination, and then PA ethyl ester is prepared by using the solid phase method AEEA AEEA . 4th-Pht-AEEA Ethyl AEEA -ethyl ester.
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Paragraph 0047-0052; 0083-0088; 0119-0124
(2021/10/05)
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- IMIDAZOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS
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The invention provides novel imidazopyrazine derivatives having the general formula (I), wherein A and R1 to R11 are as described herein NA (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.5 Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds as medicaments, in particular methods of using the compounds as antibiotics for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and resulting diseases.
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Page/Page column 44; 68-69
(2020/07/14)
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- NOVEL IMIDAZOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIALS
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The invention provides novel imidazopyrazine derivatives having general formula (I), wherein R1 to R11 are as described herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds as medicaments, in particular methods of using the compounds as antibiotics for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and related diseases.
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Page/Page column 88; 115
(2020/07/14)
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- IMIDAZOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS
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The invention provides novel imidazopyrazine derivatives having the general formula (I), wherein A and R1 to R11 are as described herein formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds as medicaments, in particular methods of using the compounds as antibiotics for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and resulting diseases.
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Page/Page column 111-112
(2020/07/14)
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- NOVEL IMIDAZOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVES
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The invention provides novel imidazopyrazine derivatives having the general formula (I), wherein A and R1 to R11 are as described herein (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds as medicaments, in particular methods of using the compounds as antibiotics for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and related diseases.
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Page/Page column 81
(2020/07/14)
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- IMIDAZOPYRAZINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIALS
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The invention provides novel imidazopyrazine derivatives having the general formula (I), wherein A and R1 to R14 are as described herein (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds as medicaments, in particular methods of using the compounds as antibiotics for the treatment or prevention of bacterial infections and resulting diseases.
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Page/Page column 63
(2020/07/14)
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- Preparation method of [2-[1-(Fmoc-amino)ethoxy]ethoxy]acetic acid
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The invention provides a preparation method of [2-[1-(Fmoc-amino)ethoxy]ethoxy]acetic acid. The preparation method comprises steps as follows: amino protection is performed on diglycolamine by use ofphthalic anhydride, an obtained intermediate and halo-acetic acid or halo-acetate are subjected to a reaction, deprotection or deprotection and hydrolysis are performed, a product reacts with a Fmoc-based amino protection reagent, and [2-[1-(Fmoc-amino)ethoxy]ethoxy]acetic acid is obtained. In the preparation method, phthalic anhydride and diglycolamine are taken as initial raw materials, short time is required by an amino protection reaction, an obtained intermediate compound has good stability, can be preserved for a long time and does not react with water, water-soluble impurities (such asthe raw material diglycolamine, a byproduct phthalic acid and the like) can be separated through extraction, so that an amino protection product with high purity is obtained, and the purity and the yield of the target product are also improved.
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Paragraph 0065-0066; 0070
(2019/09/17)
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- Curcumin derivative and uses thereof
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The present invention relates to a curcumin derivative represented by a general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a preparation method thereof, a composition containing aneffective amount of the compound represented by the general formula (I) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and applications of the compound represented by the general formula (I) or thepharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparation of drugs for treatment of cancers, fatty liver, inflammations and the like, wherein R and R are defined in the specification.
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Paragraph 0150; 0154; 0155
(2019/08/01)
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- PREPARATION METHOD OF 2-(2-PHTHLIMIDOETHOXY) ACETIC ACID
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PURPOSE: A method for preparing 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)acetic acid is provided to cheaply obtain 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)acetic acid of high purity. CONSTITUTION: A 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)acetic acid is prepared by dropping sodium chloride(NaClO_2) solution and sodium hyperchloride(NaOCl) solution to 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)ethanol of chemical formula 3 under the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl(TEMPO) catalyst and oxidizing 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)ethanol. The 2-(2-phthalimidoethoxy)ethanol is used in an organic solvent of nitrile, ketone, haloalkan, or ester or water and buffer solution. The organic solvent is aceto nitrile, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dichlomethane, dichloroethan, or ethyl acetate.
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Paragraph 0040 - 0044
(2016/10/07)
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- Separation material comprising phosphoryl choline derivatives
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The present invention provides phosphoryl choline derivatives of general formula (I), which are suitable to be immobilized on a solid support to provide a separation material, which bind with both high affinity and high specificity to a protein, more specifically to C-reactive protein and anti-phosphoryl choline antibodies. Said separation materials are particularly useful in the extracorporeal removal of C-reactive protein and anti-phosphoryl choline antibodies from a biological fluid of a patient for prophylaxis and/or treatment of immune dysfunctions and cardiovascular diseases. Also claimed is a device containing a column that comprises separation material made from formula (I) wherein L is a linker as defined in the claims; X is selected from: -SH, -NHR3, -C=CH, -CH=CH2, -N3, -CHO. Also claimed is a separation material of general formula (II): wherein A is a solid support; Y is a group obtainable from the reactive group X.
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Paragraph 0092; 0093
(2016/01/11)
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- SACCHARIDE CONJUGATES
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This invention relates to compounds comprising a saccharide conjugated to an imaging agent or a reporter group, compositions comprising them and methods of using them. Specifically BLM-disaccharide and BLM-monosaccharide conjugates containing different linker groups and an imaging agent or a reporter group are provided for the targeting and imaging of tumors.
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Paragraph 0342
(2014/10/04)
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- Scalable and cost-effective synthesis of a linker for bioconjugation with a peptide and a monoclonal antibody
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An efficient, scalable, and cost-effective synthesis of a linker employed in a bioconjugation process with a peptide and a monoclonal antibody is presented. Several routes were investigated that resulted in the identification of a short synthesis to a key acid intermediate from inexpensive and readily available starting materials. The final coupling of this acid with an aniline to afford the desired linker has been optimized to produce multi-gram quantities of material for clinical studies. The very limited purifications needed for both intermediates and final product make this route amenable to scale. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York.
- Magano, Javier,Conway, Brian G.,Farrand, Douglas,Lovdahl, Michael,Maloney, Mark T.,Pozzo, Mark J.,Teixeira, John J.,Rizzo, John,Tumelty, David
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p. 1399 - 1406
(2014/06/09)
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- Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of novel 2-alkyl-5- methoxycarbonyl-11-methyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazol-2-ium and 2-alkylellipticin-2-ium chloride derivatives
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Twenty-one types of novel ellipticine derivatives and pyridocarbazoles (5-methoxycarbonyl-11-methyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazoles) with a nitrosourea moiety, linked by an oxydiethylene unit at the 2 position, were synthesized, and their cytotoxicity against HeLa S-3 cells was evaluated. Some of these new compounds exhibited potent antitumor activity by comparison with that of ellipticine.
- Mori, Ryota,Kato, Asako,Komenoi, Kousuke,Kurasaki, Haruaki,Iijima, Touru,Kawagoshi, Masashi,Kiran,Takeda, Sho,Sakai, Norio,Konakahara, Takeo
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- Efficient synthesis of amino-protected calix[4]arenes selectively functionalized with iron chelator ICL670 designed as platform for iron recognition
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The development of selective electrochemical iron sensor is still a challenging task. One promising possibility is to use organically functionalized inorganic particles, for instance silica, as sensitive element. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of calix[4]arene-based platforms modified with ICL670 iron chelator and alkylamino chain(s). These new molecular edifices could be easily grafted on silica particles. The strategy relies on selective calix[4]arenes functionalizations by alkylamino chains at the lower rim, in partial-cone or 1,3-alternate conformations. The different synthesis routes are presented and discussed.
- Rouge, Pascal,Becuwe, Mathieu,Dassonville-Klimpt, Alexandra,Nascimento, Sophie Da,Raimbert, Jean-Franois,Cailleu, Dominique,Baudrin, Emmanuel,Sonnet, Pascal
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experimental part
p. 2916 - 2924
(2011/05/13)
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- Design and synthesis of a dual linker for solid phase synthesis of oleanolic acid derivatives
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A hydrophilic amino-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)-type dual linker for solid phase synthesis of oleanolic acid derivatives using trityl chloride resin was designed and synthesized for the first time. Model reactions in both liquid and solid phase were performed to show the feasibility of its selective cleavage at two different sites. The biological assay results indicated that the long and flexible alkyl ether functionality in the linker is less likely to be critical for the binding event. Following the successful solid-phase synthesis of model compounds, the potential of this dual linker in reaction monitoring and target identification is deemed worthy of further study.
- Wang, Shaorong,Fang, Weishuo
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experimental part
p. 4748 - 4763
(2011/08/22)
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- Cooperative and ion-pair recognition by heteroditopic calix[4]diquinone receptors
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A new family of heteroditopic calix[4]diquinone receptors capable of the cooperative recognition of ion-pair species through a contact binding mechanism has been developed. The receptors bind contact ion pairs cooperatively, with an unprecedented AND recognition phenomenon being observed to operate in certain cases, in which receptors display no affinity for either of the individual "free" cation or anion, but bind the cation and anion ion-pair strongly. X-ray crystallographic, solution-state, and computational methods rationalize the observed recognition behavior of the receptors. It is shown that the contact ion-pair interaction occurs through a π-stacking-mediated folding of the receptors such that the anion and cation binding sites are arranged in close proximity, while in the solid state an unusual ion-mediated receptor dimerization is observed. Molecular dynamics simulations are further used to explain the observed trends in the association constants of different ion-pair species and the mechanism of interaction.
- Lankshear, Michael D.,Dudley, Ian M.,Chan, Kar-Man,Cowley, Andrew R.,Santos, Sergio M.,Felix, Vitor,Beer, Paul D.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2248 - 2263
(2009/04/06)
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- Tuning the strength and selectivity of ion-pair recognition using heteroditopic calix[4]arene-based receptors
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The syntheses, characterisation and ion binding properties of two novel heteroditopic calix[4]arene receptors are reported. These systems were found to demonstrate cooperative binding of certain ion-pairs, with the selectivity depending critically on the structure of the receptors. Furthermore, a macrocyclic effect for ion-pair recognition was observed to operate. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
- Lankshear, Michael D.,Dudley, Ian M.,Chan, Kar-Man,Beer, Paul D.
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p. 684 - 690
(2008/02/12)
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- Cooperative and receptor for ion-pairs
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A novel heteroditopic calix[4]diquinone receptor capable of binding an anion and cation simultaneously in a cooperative fashion is shown only to recognise halide anions in the presence of a suitable cobound cationic guest species, and displays affinity for certain ion-pairs where no affinity for either of the free ions is observed. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
- Lankshear, Michael D.,Cowley, Andrew R.,Beer, Paul D.
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p. 612 - 614
(2008/02/10)
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- HETEROBIFUNCTIONAL POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention provides bifunctional polymers, methods of preparing the same, and intermediates thereto. These compounds are useful in a variety of applications including the PEGylation of biologically active molecules. The invention also provides methods of using said compounds and compositions thereof.
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Page/Page column 77-78
(2010/11/08)
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- Allosteric binding of alkali metal ions to a pseudocryptand formed by a C-pivot tripodal ligand containing 3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone and Ga(III)
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A novel C-pivot tripodal hexadentate ligand (3,2-HOPOHL) composed of 3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone as a bidentate ligand, the ethyleneoxy chain as a spacer, and tris(carboxyric acid) as an anchor was synthesized. 3,2-HOPOHL recognized only Na+ ion, suggesting that it pre-organized a cavity due to the electrostatic interaction among the 2(1H)-pyridinone rings. UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis indicated that 3,2-HOPOHL formed a stable intramolecular 1:1 Fe(III) complex in aqueous solution. The stability constant (log K) of 3,2-HOPOHL-Fe(III) complex was estimated to be 27.6 from the competitive reaction with EDTA. 1H-NMR titration of 3,2-HOPOHL-Ga(III) complex with Na+ and K+ ions in CDCl3-CD3CN indicated the formation of 1:1 complexes. The binding constants of Na+- and K+-3,2-HOPOHL-Ga(III) complexes were estimated to be 3.3×103 and 7.8×103 M-1, respectively, the ion selectivity of K+ toward Na+ being more than two-fold.
- Katoh, Akira,Kudo, Hidenori,Saito, Ryota
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p. 285 - 297
(2007/10/03)
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- 4'-desmethyl nucleoside analogs, and oligomers thereof
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Tetrahydrofuranyl compounds are provided that are functionalized to include pendant conjugate groups, and which are useful in diagnostic assays and as research reagents. Novel intermediates for the synthesis of the compounds are also provided.
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- Synthesis of Medium- and Large-Ring Compounds Initiated by Photochemical Decarboxylation of ω-Phthalimidoalkanoates
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The synthesis of a variety of hydroxylactams from ω-phthalimidoalkanoates using a triplet-sensitized photodecarboxylation reaction initiated by intramolecular photo electron transfer is described. Ring sizes available by this method span from 4 (benzazepine-1,5-dione 7) to 26 (cyclodipeptide 26e). Ground-state template formation is proposed as the explanation for the high efficiency of this reaction and for the decrease in reactivity in the presence of organic bases instead of metal carbonates. The crucial step in this macrocyclization reaction seems to be the protonation of the intermediary ketyl radiais (Scheme 4). Spacer groups investigated were alkyl chains (C3-C11: 5c-h, 11a, 12), ether (16, 18), ester (20, 22), and amide (26a-f) linkages. Within the detection limits, no dimeric (= decarboxylative coupling) products were observed, indicating the high preference for intra-vs. intermolecular photoelectron transfer. The C,C radical combination step proceeds with low stereoselectivity (cf. products 11 and 12) in contrast to comparable singlet reactions. Except for the lactones 22, all products were stable under the photolysis conditions. Prolonged irradiation of 22 led to the formation of the spiro compounds 23, probably via an intermediary acyliminium betaine (Scheme 8). One serious limitation of the decarboxylative macrocyclization is its incompatibility with the glycine spacer (as in 27a and 27b), probably the consequence of a strong intramolecular H-bond (Scheme 10).
- Griesbeck, Axel G.,Henz, Andreas,Kramer, Wolfgang,Lex, Johann,Nerowski, Frank,Oelgemoeller, Michael,Peters, Karl,Peters, Eva-Maria
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p. 912 - 933
(2007/10/03)
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- Conjugated 4'-desmethyl nucleoside analog compounds
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Tetrahydrofuranyl compounds are provided that are functionalized to include pendant conjugate groups, and which are useful in diagnostic assays and as research reagents. Novel intermediates for the synthesis of the compounds are also provided.
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- Methods of making conjugated 4' desmethyl nucleoside analog compounds
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Tetrahydrofuranyl compounds are provided that are functionalized to include pendant conjugate groups, and which are useful in diagnostic assays and as research reagents. Novel intermediates for the synthesis of the compounds are also provided.
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- Synthesis of Specifically Deuterium Labeled Sulfur and Oxygen Ether Side-Chain-Extended Antileukemic (2-Chloroethyl)nitrosoureas and Study of Their Products and Pathways of Decomposition under Physiological Conditions
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The synthesis of certain specifically deuterium labeled ether and thioether side-chain-extended (2-chloroethyl)nitrosoureas is described.Controlled aqueous decomposition of α-d2-S-CENU and β-d2-S-CENU under physiological conditions affords six products including 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, bis(2-chloroethyl)thioether, and 1,2-dihydrothiophenes.The reactions, which are dominated by elimination under these conditions, the products, and the distribution of isotopic labels are consistent with the formation of thiiranium intermediates which are then subject to ring opening and ring expansion.Similar decomposition of α-d2-O-CENU and β-d2-O-CENU affords seven products including the 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, acetalaldehyde, vinyl chloride, and bis(2-chloroethyl) ether but no dihydrofuran.The products and isotope distributions in these cases are consistent with an oxiranium species formed at the demand of the incipient cationic center but not formed at the ω-position.The rates of aqueous decomposition of α-d2-S-CENU, and α-d2-O-CENU show no isotope effects in accord with the suggested rate-determining step.In contrast, the 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (or thioether) product distributions, corresponding to elimination of a proton or deuteron, of 4:1 for α-d2-S-CENU and 15:1 for α-d2-O-CENU are in accord with large primary isotope effects at the stage of the intermediate thiiranium or oxiranium ions.The overall results are in accord with the observed property of S-CENU to cross-link DNA readily due to sulfur participation at two sites unlike O-CENU which only alkylates and does not cross-link DNA.These results may relate to the superior antileukemic activity of S-CENU.
- Lown, J. William,Koganty, R. Rao,Joshua, Alummoottil V.
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p. 2027 - 2033
(2007/10/02)
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- Purine acyclic nucleosides. Nitrogen isosteres of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine as candidate antivirals
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A number of nitrogen analogues of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine [acylovir,Zovirax] containing amine functions in the side chain were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity. These purine acyclic nucleosides were prepared by reaction of tris(trimethylsilyl)guanine or 2,6-diaminopurine sodium salt with the chloromethyl ethers prepared from N-(2-hydroxyethyl)phthalimide,N-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]phthalimide, or N-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxazolidin-2-one to give the N-blocked intermediates. Deprotection with hydrazine or by alkaline hydrolysis gave 9-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]guanine(A), 9-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-2,6-diaminopurine, 9-[[2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]guanine, and 9-[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethoxy]methyl]guanine. When tested against herpes simplex virus type 1, only (A) was active with an IC50 = 8 μM. Little or no activity was observed against a range of other DNA and RNA viruses.
- Kelley,Krochmal,Schaeffer
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p. 1528 - 1531
(2007/10/02)
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