70654-71-6

The synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic molecular [c2]- and [a2]-daisy chains are described, relying on recognition of a positively charged cyclophane and a negatively charged oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) (OPE) rod in aqueous medium. For this pu

An intramolecular formal [3 + 2] cationic cycloaddition between benzylic carbocation and styrene was developed for the total synthesis of codonopiloneolignanin A. Further study shows benzocycloheptene as a good substrate for 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, and a model study toward cephalocyclidine A skeleton was reported.

The disclosure provides BRD9 bifunctional compounds of Formula (A) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate, prodrug, stereoisomer, or tautomer thereof, to their preparation, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use in the treatment of diseases and disorders mediated by a bromodomain-containing protein, such as bromodoma in-containing protein 9 (BRD9)

Oxidation of α-O-4, β-O-4 and monomeric lignin model compounds by Co/Br-/H2O2 in acetic acid at 70 °C was investigated. Co and Br- were introduced as cobalt acetate tetrahydrate and KBr respectively. The degree of methoxylation of the substrate was found to affect its reactivity. For the α-O-4 model compounds, increased methoxylation of the benzyl moiety influenced product selectivity, while increased methoxylation of the phenolic moiety increased substrate conversion. The β-O-4 model compounds exhibited similar conversions to the α-O-4 models, but afforded a lesser amount of monomeric products. The formation of phenol and guaiacol from α-O-4 bond cleavage inhibited substrate conversion and sequestered oxidation products due to the formation of phenoxy radicals and polyguaiacols. Similar to the α-O-4 model compounds, increased methoxylation of the monomers changed the types of products formed, from polyphenols (phenol and guaiacol) to quinones (syringol). The behaviour of syringol was explored extensively, revealing that the corresponding 1,4-hydroquinone strongly inhibited syringol oxidation, and the syringol oxidation product, 4,4′-diphenoquinone, was susceptible to over-oxidation. The deleterious effects of phenols on oxidation of an α-O-4 model could be reduced by substitution of the Br- co-catalyst with N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI), improving substrate conversion and product selectivity.

Aristolactams are an important subgroup of aporphinoids, which all share a common phenanthrene chromophore motif that is thought to be responsible for the range of interesting physicochemical and biological properties exhibited by these compounds. Among all of the aristolactams discovered, (+)-aristolactam GI displays a unique structural feature of having the aristolactam scaffold linked via a benzodioxane ring to a phenyl propanoid unit, resulting in the compound being an aporphinoid-lignan hybrid. The synthesis of (+)-aristolactam GI was achieved first by synthesis of an orthogonally protected aristolactam, which was prepared using a Suzuki/aldol cascade to convert a differentially protected isoindolin-1-one to the required phenanthrene. The required enantiopure phenyl propanoid unit was prepared from readily available (R)-methyl lactate. A selective Mitsunobu reaction was used to combine these two key fragments, prior to the formation of the linking benzodioxane in the final step. The absolute stereochemistry of the natural product was confirmed to be 7′S, 8′S.

GPR120 is an attractive target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this study, a series of biphenyl derivatives were designed, synthesized by hybrid design. The selected compound 6a exhibited potent GPR120 agonist activity (EC50 = 93 nM) and high selectivity over GPR40. The results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) demonstrated that 6a exhibited significant glucose-lowering effect in glucose-loaded ICR male mice. Analysis of the structure–activity relationship is also presented. Compound 6a deserves further biological evaluation and structural modifications.

A practical electrophilic bromination procedure for phenols and phenol-ethers was developed under efficient and very mild reaction conditions. A broad scope of arenes was investigated, including the benzimidazole and carbazole core as well as analgesics such as naproxen and paracetamol. The new I(iii)-based brominating reagent PhIOAcBr is operationally easy to prepare by mixing PIDA and AlBr3. Our DFT calculations suggest that this is likely the brominating active species, which is prepared in situ or isolated after centrifugation. Its stability at 4 °C after preparation was confirmed over a period of one month and no significant loss of its reactivity was observed. Additionally, the gram-scale bromination of 2-naphthol proceeds with excellent yields. Even for sterically hindered substrates, a moderately good reactivity is observed.

The invention relates to a method for selective demethylation of ortho-trimethoxybenzene compounds and provides a method for preparation of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol derivatives by selective demethylation of ortho-trimethoxybenzene in different substitution types. By taking substitutional or non-substitutional ortho-trimethoxybenzene as a raw material, taking ZrCl4 as a catalyst and taking anisole as an additive, a ratio of the raw material to the catalyst to the additive is optimized in a reaction process to realize selective demethylation at a low reaction temperature ranging from the room temperature to 60 DEG C. The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, safety, reliability, low cost and easiness in operation and acquisition of the additive and the catalyst for reaction, simplicity and easiness in separation of reaction products, wide substrate application range and the like. The method effectively improves reaction safety and controllability and has an extensive application prospect in preparation of medicines, material intermediates and fine chemicals.

The biradicaloid vs. quinoidal character of the ground state of thiophene-based heterophenoquinones bearing donor or acceptor groups is investigated. Keeping the conjugation length fixed, namely, the 5,5′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-y

An efficient and economical approach to the synthesis of antitumor and anti-inflammatory surinamensinol B (1) and antimalarial polysphorin analogue 2 has been achieved with high enantiomeric purity (96 % ee) by starting from commercially available 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde. The key steps of the strategy include a Co-catalyzed two-stereocentered hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of racemic 2-[(methoxymethoxy)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]oxirane (13) as the chiral inducing step followed by a Mitsunobu reaction. Chiral epoxide 14 and chiral diol 15 were utilized in the syntheses of both compounds.

The Suzuki-Miyaura couplings of o-, m-, and p-halophenols with o-, m-, and p-phenol boronic acids were investigated for all combinations under standardized conditions, using Pd/C as a heterogeneous catalyst and water as a solvent. In the case of iodophenols, conventional heating was used, while for bromophenols significantly better results could be obtained using microwave irradiation. This systematic study revealed that 2,4′-biphenol is particularly difficult to access, irrespective of the starting materials used, but that these difficulties can be overcome by using different additives. The conclusions drawn from this investigation allowed us to identify conditions for the protecting group-free or minimized total synthesis of biaryl-type phytoalexins. These compounds possess antibacterial activity and are produced by fruit trees as a response to microbial infection.

A novel series of p-terphenyl derivatives (1-4, 1a-4a) was successfully synthesized and their in vitro anticancer activities were evaluated. Compound 1, showing the best antiproliferative activity with IC50 1 μM against MDA-MB-435 cells, was further investigated. Compound 1 brought about a remarkable accumulation of MDA-MB-435 cells in G2/M phase prior to the induction of apoptosis. Further antitumor mechanism study indicated that compound 1, which inhibited the enzyme activity of Topo I and Topo IIα by interfering predominantly with the enzyme, could be topoisomerase suppressors instead of poisons. We conclude that compound 1 represents a novel class of Topo catalytic suppressors for developing new chemotherapeutic agents.

Efficient synthesis of (±)-sacidumlignan D (4) has been successfully achieved employing Ueno-Stork radical cyclization of α-bromo acetal 21 as a key step. Two synthetic approaches for the symmetrical diaryl ketone 19 have been discussed in detail. Notably, sacidumlignan A (1) can be also efficiently synthesized in only 7 steps with 25% overall yield, where acid triggered tandem reaction starting from analogous Ueno-Stork cyclization product 27 played an important role. Moreover, potentially biomimetic conversion from (±)-sacidumlignan D (4) to sacidumlignan A (1) could be realized. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.

Several α-hydroxyamides with (2,6-dialkoxyphenoxy)methyl substituents have been prepared and their activities as antagonists of the M3 muscarinic receptor in guinea pig ileum have been evaluated. N-{1-[(Phenyl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{2-[(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)-methyl]phenyl} -2-hydroxypropanamide and N-(1-[{6-amino-4-[(1-propylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]- pyridin-2-yl}methyl]piperidin-4-yl)-2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide were the most potent compounds prepared, the micromolar potency of the latter indicating that it may be worth further investigation.

The present invention discloses new analogs of polysphorin and their uses as antimalarial drugs which are highly effective in the hepatic phase of the disease. The present invention further discloses a new method for preparing these compounds.

The synthesis of 4′-hydroxy-4-biphenylpropionic, 3′,4′- dihydroxy-4-biphenylpropionic, 3′,5′-dihydroxy-4-biphenylpropionic, and 3′,4′,5′-trihydroxy-4-biphenylpropionic methyl esters via three efficient and modular strategies including one based on Ni-catalyzed borylation and sequential cross-coupling is reported. These building blocks were employed in a convergent iterative approach to the synthesis of one library of 3,4,5-trisubstituted and two libraries of constitutional isomeric 3,4- and 3,5-disubstituted biphenylpropyl ether dendrons. Structural and retrostructural analysis of supramolecular dendrimers revealed that biphenylpropyl ether dendrons self-assemble and self-organize into the same periodic lattices and quasi-periodic arrays observed in previously reported libraries, but with larger dimensions, different mechanisms of self-assembly, and improved solubility, thermal, acidic, and oxidative stability. The different mechanisms of self-assembly led to the discovery of two new supramolecular structures. The first represents a new banana-like lamellar crystal with a four layer repeat. The second is a giant vesicular sphere self-assembled from 770 dendrons that exhibits an ultrahigh molar mass of 1.73 × 106 g/mol. Thus, the enhanced size of the self-assembled structures constructed from biphenylpropyl ether dendrons permitted for the first time discrimination of various molecular mechanisms of spherical self-assembly and elaborated a continuum between small filled spheres and very large hollow spheres that is dictated by the primary structure of the dendron. The comparative analysis of libraries of biphenylpropyl ether dendrons with the previously reported libraries of benzyl-, phenylpropyl-, and biphenyl-4-methyl ether dendrons demonstrated biomimetic self-assembly wherein the primary structure of the dendron and to a lesser extent the structure of its repeat unit determines the supramolecular tertiary structure. A "nanoperiodic table" of self-assembling dendrons and supramolecular dendrimers that allows the prediction of the general features of tertiary structures from primary structures was elaborated.

2-O-Carboxymethylpyrogallol derivatives (4-17) were synthesized, with their in vitro inhibitory activities against PTP1B and in vivo antihyperglycemic effects examined. Compound 14, the most potent among the series, showed a Ki value of 1.1 μM

Compounds of formula I: [in-line-formulae]A-B-C??(I)[/in-line-formulae] and isomers, salts, solvates, chemically protected forms, and prodrugs thereof wherein: B is selected from the group consisting of: ?where RN is H or Me; or B is a divalent C5 heterocyclic residue containing one or two ring heteroatoms; A is: RA3 and RA5 are independently selected from halo, ORO and RAC, where RO is H or Me, and RAC is H or C1-4 alkyl; XA is selected from N and CRA4, where RA4 is selected from H, ORO, CH2OH, CO2H, NHSO2Me and NHCOMe; RA2 and RA6 are independently selected from H, halo and ORO; or RA3 and RA4 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, or RA2 and RA3 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, may form a C5-6 heterocylic or heteroaromatic ring, containing at least one nitrogen ring atom; where if X is not N, 1, 2, or 3 of RA2 to RA6 are not H; C is: ?where X is selected from N and CH, Y is selected from N and CH, and Z is selected from N and CRC6; RC3 is selected from H, halo and an optionally substituted N-containing C5-7 heterocyclic group; RC5 is a group selected from: ?which group may be selected by one or two C1-4 alkyl groups or a carboxy group; RC6 is H; or, when X and Y are N, RC5 and RC6 (when Z is CRC6) together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached may form a fused C6 aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of:

General, efficient and inexpensive methods for the synthesis of dendritic building blocks methyl 3′,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate, 3′,5′-dihydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate, and methyl 3′,4′,5′-trihydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate were elaborated. In all syntheses the major step involved an inexpensive NiII-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. These three building blocks were employed together with methyl 4′-hydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate in a convergent iterative strategy to synthesize seven libraries containing up to three generations of 3′,4′-, 3′,5′-, and 3′,4′,5′-substituted biphenyl-4-methyl ether based amphiphilic dendrons. These dendrons self-assemble into supramolecular dendrimers that self-organize into periodic assemblies. Structural and retrostructural analysis of their assemblies demonstrated that these dendrons self-assemble into hollow and non-hollow supramolecular dendrimers exhibiting dimensions of up to twice those reported for architecturally related dendrons based on benzyl ether repeat units. These new dendrons expand the structural diversity and demonstrate the generality of the concept of self-assembling dendrons based on amphiphilic arylmethyl ethers.

As a novel approach to nonlinear optical materials, new octupolar discotic liquid crystalline materials 1,3,5-triphenyl-2,4,6-triazine derivatives containing achiral alkyl chains (5a) and chiral alkyl chains (5b) at the periphery were synthesized. The former exhibits an ordered hexagonal columnar mesophase, whereas the latter displays a rectangular columnar mesophase. The negative exciton splitting observed in the CD spectrum of a thin film of 5b suggests that it has a left-handed helical structure within the column.

3,3′-Substituted chiral biaryl phosphine and phosphinite ligands and metal complexes based on such chiral ligands useful in asymmetric catalysis are disclosed. The metal complexes are useful as catalysts in asymmetric reactions, such as, hydrogenation, hy

The bromotropolones (4), (5) and (10) undergo palladium-mediated cross coupling with a wide range of organostannanes to produce alkenyl-, alkyl- and aryl-substituted tropolones.The methodology has been applied to the synthesis of the monoterpenes β-dolabrin (11), β-thujaplicin (12), 4-isopropyl-7-methoxytropolone (13) and β-thujaplicinol (14).Cross coupling of bromotropolones (4), (5) and (10) with various aryltrimethylstannanes or arylboronic acids has permitted the preparation of the bicyclic colchicine analogues (30)-(43) which have been tested for tubulin-binding activity.The X-ray crystal structure of the most active of these systems, compound (38), is reported.

The dihydrobenzocyclobutene 90 having a 4-hydroxycrotonate unit attached via an ester linkage as an internal dienophile can be cyclized to a 3:1 mixture of the trans lactone 92 (an analogue of podophyllotoxin, 1) and the cis lactone 93.This stereoselective reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of the o-quinodimethane 91 which cyclizes from the endo transition state 91n in preference to the exo-one 91x, presumably because of stabilization of the former by secondary orbital overlap.This result provides evidence that a proposed general route to the synthesis of podophyllotoxin, 1, and its analogues via the internal cycloaddition of the o-quinodimethane 8 to 9n may prove successful.Several possible approaches to the synthesis of the trans-2-aryldihydrobenzocyclobutenol 4 are described.The benzyne 11 was prepared and underwent but no cycloadditions.Although the 2-bromobenzocyclobutenone 23 could be synthesized in an efficient manner, it proved impossible to convert it into 4 by means of the aryl organometallic reagents 22ab.The bromo epoxide 52 was prepared and subjected to metal-halogen exchange and Lewis acid catalyzed epoxide rearrangement in an attempt to prepare 4.The aldehyde 56 was obtained in this reaction, clearly indicating that the desired intermediate 54 had been formed but could not be trapped under these conditions.Two ring contraction routes to 4 are also described, both beginning with the 1-indanone 74 prepared in good yield from piperonal 14.The diol monomesylate 78, prepared from 74, suffered base-catalyzed E2 elimination rather than the desired rearrangement to 80.The diazo ketone 83 underwent Wolff rearrangement to give the desired ester 84, but only in 7percent yield.Two interesting transformations were observed in these ring contraction schemes, namely the formation of the oxathiole dioxide 77 on mesylation of the ketol 75 and the preparation of the diazirene 86 on photolysis of the diazo ketone 83 at long wavelengths.The ester 84 was then saponified to the acid 87 which was coupled with methyl 4-hydroxycrotonate, 5, to give 90.The assignment of the structures of the products of thermolysis of 90 was based on high field 1H NMR and analogy to the spectra of similar compounds in the literature.