- PROCESS FOR PROVIDING ANHYDROUS ALKANE SULFONIC ACIDS IN PURIFIED FORM
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The present application refers to a process for providing anhydrous alkane sulfonic acid in purified form.
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Page/Page column 10; 11
(2020/10/27)
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- Cyclopropenone catalyzed substitution of alcohols with mesylate ion
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The cyclopropenone catalyzed nucleophilic substitution of alcohols by methanesulfonate ion with inversion of configuration is described. This work provides an alternative to the Mitsunobu reaction that avoids the use of azodicarboxylates and generation of hydrazine and phosphine oxide byproducts. This transformation is shown to be compatible with a range of functionality. A cyclopropenone scavenge strategy is demonstrated to aid purification.
- Nacsa, Eric D.,Lambert, Tristan H.
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supporting information
p. 38 - 41
(2013/03/28)
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- COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR SILENCING APOLIPOPROTEIN B
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The present invention provides compositions and methods for the delivery of interfering RNAs that silence APOB expression to liver cells. In particular, the nucleic acid-lipid particles provide efficient encapsulation of nucleic acids and efficient delivery of the encapsulated nucleic acid to cells in vivo. The compositions of the present invention are highly potent, thereby allowing effective knock-down of APOB at relatively low doses. In addition, the compositions and methods of the present invention are less toxic and provide a greater therapeutic index compared to compositions and methods previously known in the art.
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- COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR SILENCING EBOLA VIRUS GENE EXPRESSION
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The present invention provides compositions comprising therapeutic nucleic acids (e.g., interfering RNA such as siRNA) that target Ebola virus (EBOV) gene expression and methods of using such compositions to silence EBOV gene expression. More particularly, the invention provides unmodified and chemically modified interfering RNA which silence EBOV gene expression and methods of use thereof, e.g., for preventing or treating EBOV infections caused by one or more EBOV species such as Zaire EBOV. The invention also provides serum-stable nucleic acid-lipid particles comprising one or more interfering RNA molecules, a cationic lipid, and a non-cationic lipid, which can further comprise a conjugated lipid that inhibits aggregation of particles. Methods of silencing EBOV gene expression by administering one or more interfering RNA molecules to a mammalian subject are also provided.
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- Active ray curable ink-jet composition, image forming method using the same, ink-jet recording apparatus, and triarylsulfonium salt compound
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An active ray curable ink-jet ink composition comprising a photo-induced acid generating agent containing an onium salt which does not generate benzene under active ray radiation, and a photopolymerizable compound containing a compound having an oxetane ring in the molecule.
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- Synthesis and herbicidal activity of phenyl-substituted benzoylpyrazoles
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A novel series of substituted 3-phenyl benzoylpyrazoles were prepared and tested as potential grass herbicides. The targeted materials were prepared by three newly developed synthetic routes, which allowed a comprehensive study of the SAR (structure-activity relationships) of this series. The best combination of grass weed activity (Avena fatua L, Setaria viridis (L) Beauv and Alopecurus myosuroides Huds) and wheat selectivity was obtained with an alkoxy group in the 4-position of the phenyl ring. Activity was further enhanced by the presence of tert-butyl on the pyrazole and a methyl group at the C-2 position of the benzoyl moiety. The alkoxy-substituted 3-phenylbenzoylpyrazoles are a novel class of herbicides with potential utility for control of important grass weeds in cereals.
- Siddall, Thomas L.,Ouse, David G.,Benko, Zoltan L.,Garvin, Gail M.,Jackson, Johnny L.,McQuiston, Jeffrey M.,Ricks, Michael J.,Thibault, Thomas D.,Turner, James A.,VanHeertum, John C.,Weimer, Monte R.
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p. 1175 - 1186
(2007/10/03)
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- Direct Spectroscopic Detection of Sulfonyloxy Radicals and First Measurements of Their Absolute Reactivities
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Two sulfonyloxyl radicals, CH3S(=O)2O., 2a, and 3-CF3C6H4S(=O)2O., 2b, have been generated by 308-nm laser flash photolysis (LFP) of their parent symmetrical peroxides in CH3CN solution, in which they have lifetimes of 7-20 μs.Both radicals exhibit a broad, structureless absorption similar to that known for SO4.- with λmax ca. 450 nm.This absorption can be bleached for 2a but not for 2b by firing a second laser at 480 nm, presumably reflecting a photoinduced cleavage of the H3C-SO3. bond.Radicals 2a and 2b react with the acetonitrile solvent by abstraction of a hydrogen atom, kH ca. 1.6*105 M-1 s-1, kH/kD ca. 2.0.Bimolecular rate constants for attack of these radicals on cyclohexane (viz., 1.9*108 and 6.5*108 M-1 s-1 for 2a and 2b, respectively) and chloroform (viz. ca., 3*105 M-1 s-1 for both) demonstrate that they are more reactive than almost all other oxygen-centered radicals.Product studies demonstrate that both the photodecomposition and the thermal decomposition of the parent peroxides yield the corresponding sulfonyloxy radicals, a result that contrasts with that we have previously obtained for the decomposition of 2, which yields radicals on photolysis but few if any radicals on thermolysis.Semiempirical AM1/PM3-UHF calculations on 2a are also reported.
- Korth, Hans-Gert,Neville, Anthony G.,Lusztyk, Janusz
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p. 8835 - 8839
(2007/10/02)
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- Preparation, reactions, and characterization of trichloroselenium(IV) and trichlorotellurium(IV) sulfonates: SeCl3(XSO3) and TeCl3(XSO3) with X = CF3, CH3, and p-CH3C6H4
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THe compounds trichloroselenium(IV) and trichlorotellurium(IV) sulfonates, MCl3(XSO3) (M = Se and Te; X = CF3, CH3, and p-CH3C6H4), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy.Infrared spectra suggest that the XSO3- group acts as a monodentate ligand in the Se compounds and as a tridentate ligand in the Te compounds.MCl3(CF3SO3) (M = Se and Te) are found to act as CF3SO3- ion acceptors, and compounds (C2H5)4N have been isolated.Some other reactions involving ligand substitution and complex formation have also been investigated.Reactions of potassium tellurate(IV) with trifluoromethane-, methane-, and paratoluenesulfonic acids are seen to yield K2, K2 and K2, respectively.Key words: trichloroselenium(IV) sulfonates, trichlorotellurium(IV) sulfonates, tetraethylammonium trichlorobis(trifluoromethanesulfonato)selenate(IV), tetraethylammonium trichlorobis(trifluoromethanesulfonato)tellurate(IV), IR spectra.
- Kapoor, Ramesh,Wadhawan, Poonam,Katyal, Vandana,Sood, Vijay Rani,Kapoor, Pratibha
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p. 1760 - 1764
(2007/10/02)
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- THE INTERACTION OF HEXAFLUOROACETIC ACID WITH METHANE SULPHONIC ACID AND WITH SULPHURIC ACID
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The reaction between methanesulphonic acid and hexafluoroacetic anhydride yields methanesulphonyltrifluoroacetic anhydride. The reaction of an excess of sulphuric acid with hexafluoroacetic anhydride an a 1:1 mixture of nitromethane and dichloromethane results in the formation of trifluoracetyl hydrogen sulphate.However, at higher concentrations of hexafluoroacetic anhydride, bistrifluoroacetyl sulphate is formed.The rates of the reactions are dependent on the concentration of hexafluoroacetic anhydride and independent of the concentration of the acids when these are in excess.At low concentration of sulphuric acid a more complex relationship is observed.
- Tyobeka, Themba E.,Hancock, Richard A.,Weigel, Helmut
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p. 1971 - 1978
(2007/10/02)
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- REACTION OF METHYL METHANESULFONATE WITH SULFUR TRIOXIDE AND CHLOROBENZENE
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The reactivity of methyl methanesulfonate in reaction with sulfur trioxide is lower than that of methyl arenesulfonates.Methyl methanesulfonate becomes exhausted when the ester and sulfur trioxide are in ratio of 1.85:1, while methyl p-toluenesulfonate becomes exhausted in ratio of 1:1 (25 deg C, 1 h).If an equimolar amount of chlorobenzene is added to the mixture of methyl methanesulfonate and sulfur trioxide in ratio of 1:1, the main reaction path is solvolysis of the pyrosulfonates to methanesulfonic acid and methylsulfuric acid and not the formation of sulfones, as in case of arenesulfonic esters.
- Andrashchuk, N. P.,Shapiro, Yu. E.,Timoshenko, G. N.,Moskvichev, Yu. A.,Mironov, G. S.,et al.
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p. 1144 - 1148
(2007/10/02)
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- PREPARATION, PROPERTIES, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANESULFONATO COMPLEXES OF ARSENIC(III), ANTIMONY(III), AND BISMUTH(III)
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Arsenic(III), antimony(III), and bismuth(III) oxides, sodium arsenite and bismuthate react with methanesulfonic anhydride, (CH3)2S2O5, to yield M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III), Na, and Na, respectively, in quantitative yield.Reaction of arsenic(III) oxide with pure methanesulfonic acid yields oxo(methanesulfonato)arsenic(III), AsO(SO3CH3), which behaves as a non-electrolyte in 100percent methanesulfonic acid.The compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance, infrared. 1H nmr and thermal measurements.Their properties have been studied by ligand substitution and complex formation reactions.The M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)) compounds are capable of functioning both as Lewis acids and bases.These compounds exhibit basic behaviour in 100percent methanesulfonic acid.The synthesis of complex methanesulfonates Cs (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III) is also described.
- Kapoor, Ramesh,Wadhawan, Poonam,Kapoor, Pratibha
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p. 1195 - 1199
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for preparing amides by reaction in presence of molecular sieve
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There is provided a process for preparing amides which comprises reacting an amine, or an amide, and an acid halide, or anhydride, in suitable molecular proportions, in an inert organic diluent, in the presence of an effective amount of a molecular sieve, until the reaction is completed, separating the molecular sieve, and recovering the amide from the organic mother liquor.
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