- Synthesis and characterization of 3,13- and 2,13-octadecadienyl compounds for identification of the sex pheromone secreted by a clearwing moth, Nokona pernix
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Several geometrical isomers of 3,13- and 2,13-octadecadien-1-ols and their acetates were synthesized starting from 1,8-octanediol or 1,9-nonanediol utilizing acetylene coupling reactions. In addition to commercially available compounds, all geometrical isomers of each dienyl compound were analyzed by NMR and GC-MS to accumulate chemical data for studies of sex pheromones secreted from clearwing moths classified into the family Sesiidae of Lepidoptera. Although acetoxy derivatives of the 3,13- and 2,13-dienes showed almost the same mass spectra, the alcohols were distinguished by comparing the relative intensities of [M - 18]+ at m/z 248, indicating direct differentiation of the two positional isomers without derivatization. Furthermore, each geometrical isomer eluted from a high-polar GC column with a different retention time. Base on these data, a pheromone gland extract of a sesiid moth, Nokona pernix, was analyzed by GC-EAD and GC-MS, and two EAG-active components were identified, viz., the (3E,13Z)- and (3Z,13Z)-isomers of 3,13-octadecadien-1-ol in a ratio of 9:1. In the field, the synthetic compounds mixed in 9:1 ratio attracted N. pernix males well, while a single component scarcely attracted the males. The number of attracted males peaked in the middle of June, and a small second peak was observed in August.
- Naka, Hideshi,Nakazawa, Tomotake,Sugie, Mieko,Yamamoto, Masanobu,Horie, Yoshiteru,Wakasugi, Ryohei,Arita, Yutaka,Sugie, Hajime,Tsuchida, Koji,Ando, Tetsu
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p. 508 - 516
(2008/02/10)
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Coupling reactions of lithium compounds, (Z)-carbonyl olefination of phosphonium ylides and 'crossed' Wittig olefination of bisylides are the key reaction steps in the synthesis principle for nonconjugated, bisolefinic Lepidoptera pheromones and structural analogs. Double unsaturated (E,Z)- and (E,E)-1-vinyl halides are converted into the corresponding (E,Z)- and (E,E)-1-vinyl lithium compounds and coupled selectively to (E,Z)- and (E,E)-alkadienols, alkadienals and alkadienyl acetates with different carbon chain length, geometry and relative positions of double bonds. 'Crossed' Wittig reactions of 1,ω-alkylidene bisylides with two different alkanals gives rise to the formation of corresponding (Z,Z)-dienic sex attractants and derivatives. A monounsaturated (E)-1-vinyl iodide is the synthon for the preparation of an (E)-alkenyl bromide which is converted to an (E)-alkenyl phosphonium salt and (Z)-selectively olefinated to (Z,E)-isomers of moth sex pheromones.
- Bestmann,Zeibig,Vostrowsky
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p. 1039 - 1047
(2007/10/02)
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