- Recyclable Copper Nanoparticles-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkenes and β-Borylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with Bis(Pinacolato)Diboron
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Nano-ferrite-supported Cu nanoparticles (Fe-dopamine-Cu NPs) catalyzed anti-Markovnikov-selective hydroboration of alkenes with B2pin2 is reported under mild reaction conditions. This protocol can be applied to a broad range of substrates with high functional group compatibility. In addition, we demonstrated the use of Fe-dopamine-Cu NPs as a catalyst for the β-borylation of α,β-unsaturated ketones and ester, providing alkylboronate esters in up to 98% yield. Reuse of the magnetically recyclable catalyst resulted in no significant loss of activity in up to five reaction runs for both systems. (Figure presented.).
- Shegavi, Mahadev L.,Saini, Suresh,Bhawar, Ramesh,Vishwantha, Meghana Desai,Bose, Shubhankar Kumar
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supporting information
p. 2408 - 2416
(2021/03/16)
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- Novel nicotinonitrile-coumarin hybrids as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies
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Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain condition that is the leading cause of dementia affecting millions of people around the world. Therapeutic development has focused on the problem of the loss of basal forebrain cholinergic function, as it is the only evidence responsible for brain neurodegeneration in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Several attempts to improve cholinergic neurotransmission have been investigated by minimizing synaptic degradation of acetylcholine using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. In the current study, we explore the designing of a new series of nicotinonitrile-coumarin hybrids as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The new hybrids were prepared utilizing pyridine-2(1H)-thiones as starting precursors. The in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities were examined for the new nicotinonitrile-coumarin hybrid molecules, when compared with donepezil as a standard drug with IC50 of 14?nM. Coumarin derivative, linked to 6-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-phenylnicotinonitrile, showed more effective inhibitory activity than the reference donepezil with IC50 of 13?nM. The free radical-scavenging capabilities against DPPH of the new hybrid derivatives were screened. Additionally, their in vitro cytotoxic activities have been tested against various eukaryotic cells. Furthermore, docking study showed excellent interaction between nicotinonitrile-coumarin hybrids and AChE. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Sanad, Sherif M. H.,Mekky, Ahmed E. M.
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p. 213 - 224
(2020/08/05)
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- Boosting the catalytic performance of zinc linked amino acid complex as an eco-friendly for synthesis of novel pyrimidines in aqueous medium
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Zinc linked amino acid complex, Zn(l-proline)2, is considered as a green catalyst for the synthesis of novel series of pyrimidine derivatives 5a–q. The pyrimidines 5a–q were prepared via two pathways: the first is a one-pot reaction of guanidines 3a–c with aromatic aldehyde 1 and acetophenones 2; and the second one is the reaction of guanidines 3a–c with different chalcones 4a–j in aqueous medium. The simplicity of the operation, the short reaction time, and the high efficiency (97%) are the main advantages of this protocol. Furthermore, the green aspects of this synthetic protocol were further investigated by examining the reusability of Zn(l-proline)2 complex throughout five consecutive cycles without a significant loss of catalytic activity. This new procedure has presented remarkable advantages in terms of safety, simplicity, stability, mild conditions, a short reaction time, excellent yields, and high purities without using any organic solvents.
- Ahmed, Eman A.,Soliman, Ahmed M.M.,Ali, Ali M.,Ali El-Remaily, Mahmoud Abd El Aleem Ali
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- Rapid umpolung Michael addition of isatin N, N ′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with chalcones
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The umpolung Michael addition of isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with chalcones is reported. The reaction could be finished within a very short time (0.3-2 min), with 3,3-disubstituted oxindole derivatives obtained in moderate to excellent yields with promising dr values. Unusual Michael adducts were obtained in moderate to high yields (26-98%) with low to high diastereoselectivities (0.8: 1 to 8.5: 1 dr). All the synthesized compounds (3, 3′, 4, 5, 5′, 7, 7′, 9 and 9′) were well characterized by FTIR, NMR, and mass spectral analyses and further confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of compounds 3aa and 4n.
- Yue, Guizhou,Jiang, Dan,Dou, Zhengjie,Li, Sicheng,Feng, Juhua,Zhang, Li,Chen, Huabao,Yang, Chunping,Yin, Zhongqiong,Song, Xu,Liang, Xiaoxia,Wang, Xianxiang,Lu, Cuifen
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supporting information
p. 11712 - 11718
(2021/07/12)
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- Facile Synthesis of Polysubstituted 2-Pyrones via TfOH-Mediated Ring Expansion of 2-Acylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates
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A facile route to polysubstituted 2-pyrones from readily available 2-acylcyclopropane-1-aryl-1-carboxylates mediated by TfOH is reported. The strongly donating 1-aryl group is important for directing the C-C bond cleavage of the donor-acceptor cyclopropane ring, which then leads to the formation of the 2-pyrone ring through lactonization.
- Shao, Jiru,An, Caiyun,Wang, Sunewang R.
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p. 4030 - 4041
(2021/07/19)
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- Rapid abnormal [3+2]-cycloaddition of isatinN,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles with chalcones
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The rapid synthesis of novel dicyclic spiropyrrolidine was reported, using [3+2]-cycloaddition of isatinN,N′-cyclic azomethine imine 1,3-dipoles, generated from the condensation of substituted isatins and pyrazolidones, with chalcones in 2-5 min. The dicy
- Yue, Guizhou,Dou, Zhengjie,Zhou, Zexi,Zhang, Li,Feng, Juhua,Chen, Huabao,Yin, Zhongqiong,Song, Xu,Liang, Xiaoxia,Wang, Xianxiang,Rao, Hanbing,Lu, Cuifen
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supporting information
p. 8813 - 8817
(2020/06/08)
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- Synthesis and in vitro study of new coumarin derivatives linked to nicotinonitrile moieties as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
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The appropriate pyridine-2(1H)-thiones were reacted with an equivalent amount of 5-(chloromethyl)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde in ethanol in the presence of potassium hydroxide to give the corresponding 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives in excellent yields. The latter derivatives were taken as key synthons for the preparation of the target hybrids. Therefore, 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes were reacted with benzoylglycine in acetic anhydride in the presence of fused sodium acetate at 100°C for 6 hours to afford a new series of nicotinonitrile-coumarin hybrids. The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities were estimated for the new coumarins. The results were expressed as the inhibition percentage of the tested hybrids at concentration of 25 nM, compared to donepezil as a reference (inhibition percentage of 70.5). Coumarin hybrids linked to 6-(4-nitrophenyl) or 6-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-phenylnicotinonitrile exhibited more effective inhibitory activities than donepezil with inhibition percentages of 94.1 and 72.3, respectively. The new coumarins were tested for their free radical-scavenging capabilities against DPPH. Furthermore, some new coumarins were tested for in vitro cytotoxic activity against each MCF-10A, MCF-7, Caco2, and HEPG2. The new hybrids showed cytotoxicity in micromolar range (IC50 of 3.5-13.9 μM) against all tested cell lines. These results clearly demonstrated that the hybrids being tested are not cytotoxic at the concentration required to inhibit acetylcholinesterase effectively.
- Mekky, Ahmed E. M.,Sanad, Sherif M. H.
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p. 4278 - 4290
(2020/09/12)
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- Near-infrared photoactivatable nitric oxide donors with photoacoustic readout
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In this chapter, we motivate the need for photoactivatable NO donor molecules and give a brief survey of the existing chemical tools in the field. We then provide detailed protocols for the synthesis and validation of a near-infrared light-activated NO do
- Zhou, Effie Y.,Knox, Hailey J.,Reinhardt, Christopher J.,Partipilo, Gina,Chan, Jefferson
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p. 113 - 147
(2020/06/27)
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- A robust multifunctional ligand-controlled palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reaction in water
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A novel, hydrophilic and recyclable methoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG)-modulated s-triazine-based multifunctional Schiff base/N,P-ligand L9 was prepared and used in Pd-catalyzed Heck-type carbonylative coupling reactions, affording diverse chalcone derivatives and 1,4-dicarbonyl esters in good yields.
- Gao, Pei-Sen,Zhang, Kan,Yang, Ming-Ming,Xu, Shan,Sun, Hua-Ming,Zhang, Jin-Lei,Gao, Zi-Wei,Zhang, Wei-Qiang,Xu, Li-Wen
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supporting information
p. 5074 - 5077
(2018/05/26)
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- Imidazole-triazine type compound and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention provides an imidazole-triazine type compound which is shown as the formula 3 in the description and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the steps that a triazine compound and an alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone type compound are mixed and added into a solvent, under the existence of a metal copper catalyst and an oxidizing material, the mixed solution is stirred and reacts 5-20 hours under the temperature of 60-150 DEG C, after the reaction is finished, the reacted solution is subjected to post processing, and the imidazole-triazine type compound which is shown as the formula 3 is obtained; the metal copper catalyst is halogenide of the copper or a copper salt; the oxidizing material is a halogen elementary substance. The imidazole-triazine type compound can be applied to prepare antibacterial drugs or antibacterial agents, and the preferred antibacterial drugs are the drugs which inhibit activity of escherichia coli.
- -
-
Paragraph 0031; 0032; 0033; 0034; 0035; 0037
(2017/10/06)
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- Chloramphenicol base chemistry. Part 11: chloramphenicol base-derived thiourea-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of malononitrile to α,β-unsaturated ketones
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The first chloramphenicol base-derived thiourea-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of malononitrile to α,β-unsaturated ketones is reported. The Michael adducts were obtained in good to excellent yields (up to 98% yield) and enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee). This reaction has a broad substrate scope to various α,β-unsaturated ketones. With this in mind, this methodology was successfully applied to the synthesis of a chiral piperidone, an advanced building block for dihydropyridinone P2X7 receptor antagonists.
- Yan, Linjie,Wang, Haifeng,Xiong, Fangjun,Tao, Yuan,Wu, Yan,Chen, Fener
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p. 921 - 929
(2017/07/11)
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- Synthesis, carbonic anhydrase I and II inhibition studies of the 1,3,5-trisubstituted-pyrazolines
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4-(3-(4-Substituted-phenyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonamides (9–16) were successfully synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS spectra. Carbonic anhydrase I and II inhibitory effects of the compounds were investigated. Ki values of the compounds were in the range of 316.7 ± 9.6–533.1 ± 187.8 nM towards hCA I and 412.5 ± 115.4–624.6 ± 168.2 nM towards hCA II isoenzymes. While Ki values of the reference compound Acetazolamide were 278.8 ± 44.3 nM and 293.4 ± 46.4 nM towards hCA I and hCA II izoenzymes, respectively. Compound 14 with bromine and compound 13 with fluorine substituents can be considered as the leader compounds of the series because of the lowest Ki values in series to make further detailed carbonic anhydrase inhibiton studies.
- Gul, Halise Inci,Mete, Ebru,Taslimi, Parham,Gulcin, Ilhami,Supuran, Claudiu T.
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p. 189 - 192
(2017/11/21)
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- An eco-friendly synthesis of 2-pyrazoline derivatives catalysed by CeCl 3· 7 H 2O
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Abstract: 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazoline derivatives were synthesised by a condensation reaction between chalcones and phenyl hydrazine using cerium chloride heptahydrate as a catalyst. All these reactions were carried out in ethyl lactate (70%) as a green solvent. Easy and efficient work up, recyclability of solvent and catalyst are the key merits of this protocol. Graphical Abstract:: SYNOPSIS A facile protocol for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triaryl-2-pyrazolines is described. The solvent ethyl lactate, obtained from renewable sources, is biodegradable. The catalyst CeCl 3· 7 H 2O is a water-tolerant Lewis acid with low toxicity. Easy and clean work up, recyclable solvent and catalyst are merits of the protocol. The reaction works well for all systems giving good yields of the desired products.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Bhat, Prabhat,Shridhar, Gomathi,Ladage, Savita,Ravishankar, Lakshmy
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p. 1441 - 1448
(2017/09/25)
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- A new solid acid catalyst FeCl3/bentonite for aldol condensation under solvent-free condition
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For the first time, a new solid acid catalyst has been used for the synthesis of aryl chalcones under solvent free conditions. A simple method (solid dispersion method) has been adopted for the synthesis of FeCl3/bentonite. The prepared catalyst has been characterized by different characterization techniques. A series of E-1-(substituted phenyl)-3-(1-pyrenyl)-2-propen-1-ones have been synthesized using FeCl3/bentonite under microwave-assisted solvent-free conditions. The yields are in the range from 80 to 88%. All the synthesized chalcones have been characterized by their physical constants, analytical, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. This catalyst can be reused for further runs (after fifth cycle) without decrease in activity. This catalyst gives excellent yields and is inexpensive and easily recyclable for this reaction.
- Muthuvel,Dineshkumar,Thirumurthy,Rajasri,Thirunarayanan
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p. 252 - 260
(2017/01/18)
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- Synthesis, cyclooxygenase inhibition and anti-inflammatory evaluation of new 1,3,5-triaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives possessing methanesulphonyl pharmacophore
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A new series of 1,3,5-triaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives 13a–p were synthesized via aldol condensation of 3/4-nitroacetophenones with appropriately substituted aldehydes followed by cyclization of the formed chalcones with 4-methanesulfonylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition, anti-inflammatory activity and ulcerogenic liability. All compounds were more potent inhibitors for COX-2 than COX-1. While most compounds showed good anti-inflammatory activity, compounds 13d, 13f, 13k and 13o were the most potent derivatives (ED50 = 66.5, 73.4, 79.8 and 70.5 μmol/kg, respectively) in comparison with celecoxib (ED50 = 68.1 μmol/kg). Compounds 13d, 13f, 13k and 13o (ulcer index = 3.89, 4.86, 4.96 and 3.92, respectively) were 4–6 folds less ulcerogenic than aspirin (ulcer index = 22.75) and showed approximately ulceration effect similar to celecoxib (ulcer index = 3.35). In addition, molecular docking studies were performed for compounds 13d, 13f, 13k and 13o inside COX-2 active site which showed acceptable binding interactions (affinity in kcal/mol ?2.1774, ?6.9498) in comparison with celecoxib (affinity in kcal/mol ?6.5330).
- Abdellatif, Khaled R. A.,Elsaady, Mohammed T.,Abdel-Aziz, Salah A.,Abusabaa, Ahmed H. A.
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p. 1545 - 1555
(2016/10/09)
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- Rational design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of allylidene hydrazinecarboximidamide derivatives as BACE-1 inhibitors
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BACE-1 (β-secretase) is considered to be one of the promising targets for treatment of Alzheimer's disease as it catalyzes the rate limiting step of Aβ-42 production. Herein, we report a novel class of allylidene hydrazinecarboximidamide derivatives as moderately potent BACE-1 inhibitors, having aminoguanidine substitution on allyl linker with two aromatic groups on either side. A library of derivatives was designed based on the docking studies, synthesized and evaluated for BACE-1 inhibition in vitro. The designed ligands displayed interactions with the catalytic aspartate dyad through guanidinium functionality. Further, the aromatic rings placed on either side of the linker occupied S1 and S3 active site regions contributing to the activity. These ligands were also predicted to follow Lipinski rule and cross blood brain barrier. Compound 2.21, having high docking score, was found to be most active with IC50 of 6.423 μM indicating good correlation with docking prediction.
- Jain, Priti,Wadhwa, Pankaj K.,Rohilla, Shilpa,Jadhav, Hemant R.
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supporting information
p. 33 - 37
(2015/12/18)
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- 2-Oxindole Acts as a Synthon of 2-Aminobenzoyl Anion in the K2CO3-Catalyzed Reaction with Enones: Preparation of 1,4-Diketones Bearing an Amino Group and Their Further Transformations
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A convenient approach for the synthesis of 1,4-diketones bearing an amino group has been developed through the K2CO3-catalyzed reaction of 2-oxindoles with enones with the assistance of atmospheric O2 via sequential Michael addition-oxidation-ring-cleavage process. The further intramolecular reaction leads to the formation of benzoazepinone, quinoline, and 3-oxindole derivatives.
- Miao, Chun-Bao,Zeng, Yu-Mei,Shi, Tong,Liu, Rui,Wei, Peng-Fei,Sun, Xiao-Qiang,Yang, Hai-Tao
-
-
- Effects of substituents on NMR chemical shifts and mass fragmentation patterns of 1-aryl-3-phenylpropanes
-
The 1H and 13C chemical shifts and the mass spectral fragmentation patterns of 1-aryl-3-phenylpropanes with m- or p-substituents (H, NO2, Br, Cl, OCH3, CH3) were studied. The electronic effects of the substi-tuents seemed to be transmitted by the through-space as well as by a through-bond mechanism, resulting in an inverse correlation in the plot of the chemical shift values of i-C vs. the Hammett σ values. The mass spectra showed the substituted benzyl fragments as the base peaks when the substituents were electron donating, whereas the benzyl fragment was observed as the base peaks with the electron-withdrawing substituents.
- Jeong, Eun Jeong,Lee, In-Sook Han
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p. 538 - 543
(2016/04/26)
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- Iodine-promoted oxidative coupling reaction: a simple and efficient process to access imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines from 2-aminopyridines and chalcones
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A unique and efficient approach has been developed for the synthesis of substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with aminopyridines and chalcones via a one-pot I2-induced aerobic oxidative coupling. The reported reaction proceeded though a tandem Michael addition followed by an intramolecular oxidative amination with high regioselectivity, yields and good functional group tolerance.
- Xing, Meng-Ming,Xin, Ming,Shen, Chao,Gao, Jian-Rong,Jia, Jian-Hong,Li, Yu-Jin
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supporting information
p. 4201 - 4204
(2016/07/06)
-
- Synthesis of some novel 5,7-disubstituted-2-phenyl-5H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo [3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives and evaluation of their biological activity
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Background: In the present study, a series of 5,7-disubstituted-2-phenyl-5H-[1,3,4] thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives have been reported. The title compounds were synthesized by the reaction of substituted chalcones with 5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine in n-butanol. Methods: All reactions were performed at reflux temperature and the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques. Results: The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The compounds displayed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Additionally, the selected compounds were screened for in silico molecular docking studies. Conclusion: In the present work, we have reported an efficient method for the synthesis of some new 5,7-disubstituted-2-phenyl-5H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives. Collectively, all the current computational insights support the in vitro observations seen for antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Further, the pyrimidine derivatives might act as potential specific inhibitors of G6P synthase thereby facilitating its biological activities. From the activity results, it has been concluded that among the studied compounds, compounds 5b, 5d, 5e, 5g, 5i, 5m and 5n could serve as potential antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.
- Venkatesh, Talavara,Bodke, Yadav D.,Joy, Nibin M.,Vinoda,Shiralgi, Yallappa,Dhananjaya
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p. 661 - 671
(2017/01/13)
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- The Complete Mechanism of an Aldol Condensation
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Although aldol condensation is one of the most important organic reactions, capable of forming new C-C bonds, its mechanism has never been fully established. We now conclude that the rate-limiting step in the base-catalyzed aldol condensation of benzaldehydes with acetophenones, to produce chalcones, is the final loss of hydroxide and formation of the C=C bond. This conclusion is based on a study of the partitioning ratios of the intermediate ketols and on the solvent kinetic isotope effects, whereby the condensations are faster in D2O than in H2O, regardless of substitution.
- Perrin, Charles L.,Chang, Kuei-Lin
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p. 5631 - 5635
(2016/07/13)
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- The cascade synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones via oxidative C-C coupling of ketones and primary alcohols over a ceria catalyst
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We herein report the oxidative C-C coupling of ketones and primary alcohols to produce α,β-unsaturated ketones in the absence of base additives. This cascade synthetic reaction was conducted at 150 °C in 12 h using a heterogeneous CeO2 catalyst. The conversion of acetophenone reached 74% with 89% selectivity to chalcone. A correlation between the CeO2 crystal plane and catalytic performance is established as the catalytic activities decrease in the sequence of (110) > (111) > (100). Characterization using Raman spectroscopy, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), and in situ active site-capping tests has shown that the unusual catalysis of the CeO2 catalyst is attributed to the coexistence of basic and redox active sites. These sites synergistically catalyze the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and the aldol condensation to ketones. Moreover, the CeO2 catalyst can be reused several times after calcination to remove the surface-adsorbed substances.
- Zhang, Zhixin,Wang, Yehong,Wang, Min,Lu, Jianmin,Zhang, Chaofeng,Li, Lihua,Jiang, Jingyang,Wang, Feng
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p. 1693 - 1700
(2016/04/05)
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- Synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones from alkynes and aldehydes over Hβ zeolite under solvent-free conditions
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A facile Hβ zeolite-catalyzed strategy has been successfully developed for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated ketones from alkynes and aldehydes under solvent-free conditions. The reaction proceeds via tandem hydration/condensation of alkynes with aldehydes to afford a range of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls in good to excellent yields. This journal is.
- Mameda, Naresh,Peraka, Swamy,Kodumuri, Srujana,Chevella, Durgaiah,Banothu, Rammurthy,Amrutham, Vasu,Nama, Narender
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p. 58137 - 58141
(2016/07/07)
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- Iodine-Promoted Construction of Polysubstituted 2,3-Dihydropyrroles from Chalcones and β-Enamine Ketones (Esters)
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A novel approach for the synthesis of a variety of polysubstituted trans-2,3-dihydropyrroles from a wide range of chalcones and β-enamine ketones (esters) via iodine-promoted tandem Michael/cyclization sequence has been developed, affording the desired products in moderate to excellent yields. This methodology is a highly efficient, convenient way to access functionalized 2,3-dihydropyrroles from readily accessible substrates under mild reaction conditions.
- Li, Yujin,Xu, Hui,Xing, Mengming,Huang, Fang,Jia, Jianhong,Gao, Jianrong
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supporting information
p. 3690 - 3693
(2015/08/18)
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- Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of Novel Spiro[acenaphthylene-1,2′-pyrrolidin]-2-one Compounds
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An efficient catalyst-free synthesis of 3′-benzoyl-4′,5′-diphenyl-2H-spiro[acenaphthylene-1,2′-pyrrolidin]-2-one derivatives via one-pot 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of acenaphthenequinone, arylmethyl amines, and chalcones with high regioselectivity is described. The structure of the cycloadducts were characterized by infrared, high-resolution mass spectrometry (electrospray ionization), 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra, and the structure of 4a was confirmed using x-ray single-crystal structure analysis.
- Lin, Yan,Fu, Zhijie,Shen, Tianhua,Che, Fengfeng,Song, Qingbao
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supporting information
p. 2188 - 2194
(2015/09/22)
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- Synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of new 1,3,5-triaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives possessing an aminosulphonyl pharmacophore
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A novel series of 2-pyrazoline derivatives 13a-l was synthesized via aldol condensation of 4-substituted acetophenones with appropriately substituted aldehydes followed by cyclization of the formed chalcones with 4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide hydrochlorid
- Abdellatif, Khaled R. A.,Abdelgawad, Mohamed A.,Elshemy, Heba A. H.,Alsayed, Shahinda S. R.,Kamel, Gehan
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p. 1932 - 1942
(2015/11/24)
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- Efficient synthesis of 2,4-diaryl hexahydroquinoline-5-one derivatives in the presence of triethylamine
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Abstract A convenient and efficient protocol for the synthesis of 2,4-diaryl hexahydroquinoline-5-one derivatives has been accomplished by a three-component reaction of 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones, dimedone and ammonium acetate catalyzed by triethylamine under solvent-free conditions. The simple experimental procedure, use of an inexpensive catalyst, short reaction times, and excellent yields make this procedure facile, practical, and sustainable.
- Karimi-Jaberi, Zahed,Azadi, Maryam
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p. 6741 - 6747
(2015/02/19)
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- Nano titania-supported sulfonic acid: An efficient and reusable catalyst for a range of organic reactions under solvent free conditions
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Nano titania-supported sulfonic acid (n-TSA) has been easily prepared from the reaction of nano titania (titanium oxide) with chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonating agent and characterized by the FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The catalytic activity of n-TSA was investigated in the synthesis of important organic derivatives such as pyrimidones, benzothiazoles and chalcones. All of the reactions are very fast and the yields are good to excellent. The catalyst was easily separated and reused for several runs without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.
- Rahmani, Salman,Amoozadeh, Ali,Kolvari, Eskandar
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p. 184 - 188
(2014/11/08)
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- Iron-catalyzed aerobic oxidative aromatization of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazolines
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A simple and high yielding method for the synthesis of tri-substituted pyrazoles via iron(III) catalyzed aerobic oxidative aromatization of pyrazolines has been reported. The process demonstrates a variety of functional group tolerance.
- Ananthnag, Guddekoppa S.,Adhikari, Adithya,Balakrishna, Maravanji S.
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p. 240 - 243
(2013/12/04)
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- A facile synthesis of isoindoline and Δ1-pyrrolines from chalcone and glycine by a cascade of process involving addition, in situ decarboxylation, and cyclization
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In this Letter, we report a rapid one-step entry into isoindoline and Δ1-pyrrolines from chalcone. The key step in the synthesis is the addition of glycine to chalcone. In acidic medium the reaction presumably goes through aza-Michael addition,
- Elamparuthi, Elangovan,Sarathkumar, Subramaniayan,Girija, Swaminathan,Anbazhagan, Veerappan
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supporting information
p. 3992 - 3995
(2014/07/08)
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- Functionalization of the Benzylic C-H Bonds in Azaarenes by Cobalt-Catalyzed 1,4-Addition to Enones
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Functionalization of the C(sp3)-H bonds in azaarenes was catalyzed by CoCl2 as an inexpensive Lewis acid catalyst. Enones were demonstrated to be good C=C electrophilic acceptors for the construction of various azaarene-containing 1,4-addition products in yields of up to 95 %. Functionalization of the C(sp3)-H bonds in azaarenes catalyzed by CoCl2 as an inexpensive Lewis acid catalyst is reported. Enones are demonstrated to be good C=C electrophilic acceptors for the construction of various azaarene-containing 1,4-addition products in yields up to 95 %.
- Jamal, Zaini,Teo, Yong-Chua,Wong, Ling-Keong
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supporting information
p. 7343 - 7346
(2016/02/20)
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- Synthesis, characterization, and anti-amoebic activity of N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives
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A new series of N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives, 3a-3i and 4a-4i, was synthesized from pyrimidin-2-amines, 2a-2i, with the aim to explore their effects on in vitro growth of Entamoeba histolytica. The chemical structures of the compounds
- Roouf Bhat, Abdul,Arshad, Mohammad,Ju Lee, Eun,Pokharel, Smritee,Choi, Inho,Athar, Fareeda
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p. 2267 - 2277
(2014/01/06)
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- An improved iron-mediated synthesis of N-2-aryl substituted 1,2,3-triazoles
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Treatment of various chalcones and sodium azide in the presence of catalytic amounts of commercially available iron oxide nanoparticles, followed by the addition of aryl halides afforded N-2-arylated 1,2,3-triazoles in very good yields. This tandem three-
- Kamal, Ahmed,Swapna, Ponnampalli
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p. 7419 - 7426
(2013/06/27)
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- Lithium amidoborane, a highly chemoselective reagent for the reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones to allylic alcohols
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Lithium amidoborane (LiNH2BH3, LiAB for short), is capable of chemoselectively reducing α,β-unsaturated ketones to the corresponding allylic alcohols at ambient temperature. A mechanistic study shows that the reduction is via a double hydrogen transfer process. The protic H(N) and hydridic H(B) in amidoborane add to the O and C sites of the carbonyl group, respectively.
- Xu, Weiliang,Zhou, Yonggui,Wang, Ruimin,Wu, Guotao,Chen, Ping
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 367 - 371
(2012/01/13)
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- CuO-promoted construction of N -2-aryl-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles via azide-chalcone oxidative cycloaddition and post-triazole arylation
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An efficient one-pot three-component stepwise approach for the synthesis of N-2-aryl-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles has been developed. By using this azide-chalcone oxidative cycloaddition and post-triazole arylation, a series of N-2-aryl-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles are readily prepared under mild conditions in excellent yields and high regioselectivity. Both the catalyst and substrates are readily available.
- Zhang, Yuanqing,Li, Xiaolong,Li, Jihui,Chen, Jinying,Meng, Xu,Zhao, Mingming,Chen, Baohua
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 26 - 29
(2012/02/06)
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- Stereoselective synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated β-amino sulfones from ellman's N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines and methyl Phenyl sulfone
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A practical and straightforward approach for the highly stereoselective synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated β-amino sulfones by nucleophilic (phenylsulfonyl)methylation of N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines with methyl phenyl sulfone was achieved. With lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide as the base, the corresponding sulfone-stabilized carbanion derived from methyl phenyl sulfone can be transferred to (S)-α,β-unsaturated N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines in very good yields and with high diastereoselectivities. Electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituents on the aryl rings of (S)-α,β-unsaturated N-tert-butylsulfinyl ketimines did not exert a significant effect on the outcome of the diastereoselective nucleophilic (phenylsulfonyl) methylation.
- Zhang, Hua,Li, Ya,Xu, Fanghui,Ren, Xinfeng,Wang, Le,Sun, Zhihua,Zhou, Pei
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p. 2485 - 2490,6
(2012/12/12)
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- K3PO4-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of β-amino ketones
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A new strategy which uses cheap K3PO4 as a very effective catalyst has been developed for synthesis of β-amino ketones by one-pot reaction of an aryl aldehyde, acetophenone derivative, and amine in EtOH at room temperature. Springer-Verlag 2012.
- Movassagh, Barahman,Khosousi, Sakineh
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p. 1503 - 1506
(2013/02/21)
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- CARBOCATALYSTS FOR CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
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The disclosure relates to catalytically active carbocatalysts, e.g., a graphene oxide or graphite oxide catalyst suitable for use in a variety of chemical transformations. In one embodiment, it relates to a method of catalyzing a chemical reaction of an organic molecule by reacting the organic molecule in the presence of a sufficient amount of graphene oxide or graphite oxide for a time and at a temperature sufficient to allow catalysis of a chemical reaction. According to other embodiments, the reaction may be an oxidation reaction, a hydration reaction, a dehydrogenation reaction, a condensation reaction, or a polymerization reaction. Some reactions may include auto-tandem reactions. The disclosure further provides reaction mixtures containing an organic molecule and graphene oxide or graphite oxide in an amount sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the organic molecule.
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- Graphite oxide as an auto-tandem oxidation-hydration-aldol coupling catalyst
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Graphite oxide (GO) was found to function as an auto-tandem oxidation-hydration-aldol coupling catalyst for the formation of chalcones in a single reaction vessel. Various alkynes or alcohols were hydrated or oxidized in situ to their corresponding methyl ketones or aldehydes, respectively, which underwent a subsequent Claisen-Schmidt condensation. Each of the aforementioned reactions proceeded in the absence of metals (confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS) and afforded a range of chalcone products in good to excellent yields from commercially available starting materials.
- Jia, Hong-Peng,Dreyer, Daniel R.,Bielawski, Christopher W.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 528 - 532
(2011/04/24)
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- Synthesis, characterization and fluorescence studies of 3,5-diaryl substituted 2-pyrazolines
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A series of 2-pyrazolines have been synthesized from α, β unsaturated ketones and hydrazine hydrate with acetic/formic acid in ethanol/DMSO. The structures of 2-pyrazolines have been established by spectroscopic techniques i.e. UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and micro element analysis. Fluorescence spectra were recorded in the solution at fixed concentration and same excitation wavelength at 290 nm. The absorption band positions of all the compounds broadly lie between 280 and 336 nm and fluorescence band positions in the range between 300 and 370 nm, the near ultraviolet region.
- Nee Pant, Geeta Joshi,Singh, Pramod,Rawat,Rawat,Joshi
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scheme or table
p. 1075 - 1079
(2011/04/16)
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- Design and synthesis of 1,3-biarylsulfanyl derivatives as new anti-breast cancer agents
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A new series of 1,3-biarylsulfanyl derivatives (homodibenzyl core motif) have been designed and synthesized as new estrogen receptor ligands by chopping benzothiophene core of raloxifene to engender seco-raloxifene scaffold. All the synthesized compounds were screened for anti-proliferative, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-implantation activity. Compounds (35, 36) having basic amino anti-estrogenic side chain were exhibiting potential anti-proliferative activity in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and ishikawa cell lines. Some of the synthesized compounds having homodibenzyl motif (5, 8, 10) have shown moderate anti-osteoporotic activity.
- Kumar, Atul,Tripathi, Vishwa Deepak,Kumar, Promod,Gupta, Lalit Prakash,Akanksha,Trivedi, Ritu,Bid, Hemant,Nayak,Siddiqui, Jawed A.,Chakravarti, Bandana,Saxena, Ruchi,Dwivedi, Anila,Siddiquee,Siddiqui,Konwar, Rituraj,Chattopadhyay, Naibedya
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experimental part
p. 5409 - 5419
(2011/10/31)
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- Anticonvulsant activity of a combined pharmacophore of pyrazolo-pyridines with lesser toxicity in mice
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Various 2-amino-6-[3-(substituted phenyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl] -4-(substituted phenyl)nicotinonitriles (3a-t) were designed and synthesized by clubbing two active anticonvulsant pharmacophores pyrazole and pyridine. All the synthesized compounds possessed the pharmacophoric elements essential for good anticonvulsant activity. The anticonvulsant screening was performed by maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) tests. Two compounds 3i and 3s showed significant anticonvulsant activity in both the screens with ED50 values 17.5 mg/kg and 22.6 mg/kg respectively in MES screen and 154.1 mg/kg and 242.6 mg/kg respectively in scPTZ screen. They were also found to have no acute toxic effects in mice when tested at elevated doses.
- Siddiqui, Nadeem,Ahsan, Waquar,Alam, M. Shamsher,Ali, Ruhi,Srivastava, Kamna,Ahmed, Sharique
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experimental part
p. 576 - 582
(2011/12/03)
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- An improved procedure for the synthesis of 1,5-benzothiazepines using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)
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A mild and efficient procedure for the synthesis of various 1,5-benzothiazepines were developed. This method provides an easy access for preparation of 1,5-benzothiazepine derivatives in the presence of 10 mol% catalyst of CAN under ultrasonic irradiation. This method provided clean conversion, mild reaction condition, no use of toxic solvent and shorter reaction time compared to other reported method. Copyright
- Chate, Asha V.,Joshi, Ratnadeep S.,Mandhane, Priyanka G.,Gill, Charansingh H.
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body text
p. 776 - 780
(2012/01/03)
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- Efficient synthesis of chalcone derivatives catalyzed by re-usable hydroxyapatite
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Hydroxyapatite was found to be a very efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the preparation of chalcone derivatives via Claisen-Schmidt condensation using microwave irradiation. The impact of water on the catalyst reactivity was studied and was thought to act as co-catalyst due to the high activation observed in its presence. To investigate the origin of this activation, different organic solvents of similar or higher microwave absorbance as/to water were also tested, and it was confirmed that water is acting as co-catalyst when combined with hydroxyapatite, making the process highly efficient. The catalyst was easily recovered and efficiently re-used.
- Solhy,Tahir,Sebti,Skouta,Bousmina,Zahouily,Larzek
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experimental part
p. 189 - 193
(2010/11/04)
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- Synthesis of 2-substituted indoles via a palladium-catalyzed domino Heck reaction and dealkylation
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A palladium-catalyzed domino Heck reaction and dealkylation for the preparation of 2-substituted indoles is described. This novel transformation is based on an intramolecular Heck reaction followed by dealkylation.
- Mao, Hui,Wan, Jie-Ping,Pan, Yuanjiang,Sun, Cuirong
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scheme or table
p. 1844 - 1846
(2010/09/07)
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- Iodine-catalyzed efficient synthesis of chalcones by grinding under solvent-free conditions
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Chalcones are useful intermediates in organic synthesis and exhibit a large number of different biological activities. Chalcones have been synthesized in high yields by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of substituted acetophenones with various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of 10 mol% of iodine at room temperature by grinding under solvent-free conditions.
- Wang, Hongshe,Zeng, June
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experimental part
p. 1209 - 1212
(2009/12/03)
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- Design, synthesis, and In-vivo pharmacological screening of N,3-(Substituted Diphenyl)-5-phenyl-1 H-pyrazoline-1- carbothioamide derivatives
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Various 3,5-(substituted diphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-pyrazole-1-carbothioic acid phenylamides were synthesized starting from substituted acetophenones. Structures of the compounds were confirmed on the basis of spectral data. The compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant and antidepressant activity. Interestingly, out of 26 compounds, four (3f, 3g, 3t, and 3u) were found to protect 100% of the animals in the MES screen at a dose of 25 mg/kg. They were also found to have appreciable anticonvulsant activity in scPTZ screen. Two compounds, 3j and 3o, significantly reduced the duration of the immobility time at 25 mg/kg dose, when compared to control.
- Siddiqui, Nadeem,Alam, Perwaiz,Ahsan, Waquar
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experimental part
p. 173 - 181
(2009/05/09)
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- Polymer-supported ytterbium perfluorooctanesulfonate [Yb(OPf)3]: A recyclable catalyst for organic reactions
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Amberlyst A-21, a kind of well-known and cheap polymeric material, was treated with ytterbium perfluorooctanesulfonate [Yb(OPf)3] giving a reagent with a ytterbium loading of 1.34 (wt%). The polymer-supported fluorous ytterbium catalyses the highly efficient nitration, esterification, Fridel-Crafts acylation, and aldol condensation. The catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and used again without a significant loss of catalytic activity. The protocol avoids the use of fluorous solvents during the reaction or workup, which are expensive and can leach in small amounts.
- Yi, Wen-Bin,Cai, Chun
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p. 524 - 528
(2008/12/22)
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- Multiple substituent effects on 13C chemical shifts in phenylstyryl ketones: Applicability of interactive free energy relationship
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13C chemical shifts for 23 mono- and di-substituted phenyl styryl ketones have been determined. The shieldings and deshieldings are compared with previous results for other aromatic derivatives. Correlations of the 13C chemical shifts of vinyl carbons with Hammett σ parameters has been determined to provide a consistent picture of electronic effects transmitted through the carbon framework of the compounds studied. Slopes obtained from such Hammett's plots are termed as ρ, and using these 'ρ' values applicability of interactive free energy relationship to chemical shift values has been tested. The cross- interaction constants qx and qy values for C-α are found to be -1.02 and -1.20 and for C-β are -1.46 and -1.19.
- Annapoorna,Prasad Rao,Sethuram
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p. 1341 - 1345
(2007/10/03)
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- Gel entrapped base catalysed (GEBC) aldol reaction of acetophenones with benzaldehydes
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Gel Entrapped Base Catalyst (GEBC), prepared by treatment of solid agar-agar with KOH, has been used as a heterogeneous catalyst for aldol reaction of acetophenones with benzaldehydes to give chalcones.
- Natekar,Samant
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p. 1347 - 1348
(2007/10/03)
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