- Synthesis of α-aminocarbonyl compounds via hetero dielsalder reaction
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A synthetic route to α-aminoketone derivatives via a hetero DielsAlder reaction is described. Diacylhydrazine was oxidized by tert-butyl hypochlorite in the presence of pyridine. After evaporation, the hetero DielsAlder reaction with diene was carried out without isolation of the azodicarbonyl compound. Quantitative hetero DielsAlder reaction was possible with 1 equivalent of diene when Hf(OTf)4 or AgOTf was used as the catalyst. The NN bond of the product was cleaved by SmI2-reduction in the presence of tert-BuOH in THF. Further, ozonolysis of the C=C double bond afforded the α-aminoketone derivative in excellent yield.
- Sakurai, Masayoshi,Kihara, Nobuhiro,Watanabe, Nobuhiro,Ikari, Yoshihiro,Takata, Toshikazu
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p. 144 - 147
(2018/01/01)
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- High-Throughput Screening and Hit Validation of Extracellular-Related Kinase 5 (ERK5) Inhibitors
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The extracellular-related kinase 5 (ERK5) is a promising target for cancer therapy. A high-throughput screen was developed for ERK5, based on the IMAP FP progressive binding system, and used to identify hits from a library of 57-617 compounds. Four distinct chemical series were evident within the screening hits. Resynthesis and reassay of the hits demonstrated that one series did not return active compounds, whereas three series returned active hits. Structure-activity studies demonstrated that the 4-benzoylpyrrole-2-carboxamide pharmacophore had excellent potential for further development. The minimum kinase binding pharmacophore was identified, and key examples demonstrated good selectivity for ERK5 over p38α kinase.
- Myers, Stephanie M.,Bawn, Ruth H.,Bisset, Louise C.,Blackburn, Timothy J.,Cottyn, Betty,Molyneux, Lauren,Wong, Ai-Ching,Cano, Celine,Clegg, William,Harrington, Ross. W.,Leung, Hing,Rigoreau, Laurent,Vidot, Sandrine,Golding, Bernard T.,Griffin, Roger J.,Hammonds, Tim,Newell, David R.,Hardcastle, Ian R.
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supporting information
p. 444 - 455
(2016/08/16)
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- Water-Soluble Gold-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for the Catalytic Homogeneous Acid- and Silver-Free Hydration of Hydrophilic Alkynes
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Water-soluble gold(III/I) N-heterocylic carbene complexes behave as efficient catalysts for the hydration of terminal alkynes in neat water. The transformation proceeds in the absence of Bronsted acids or halide scavengers and is suitable for sensitive substrates. Kinetic profiles and DFT studies provide a clear picture of intermediates present during catalysis.
- Ibrahim, Houssein,Defrmont, Pierre,Braunstein, Pierre,Thry, Vincent,Nauton, Lionel,Cisnetti, Federico,Gautier, Arnaud
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p. 3893 - 3900
(2016/01/25)
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- One-pot synthesis of 5-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one
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An efficient and environmentally benign synthesis of 5-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2, 3-d]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one is described. An acyl-protected aminoacetone is reacted with cyanoacetamide to give 2-amino-4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide, which is converted in one-pot to 5-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one in 60% overall yield. This process avoids the use of large excess Raney nickel which is required when known methods are practiced.
- Kanamarlapudi, Ramanaiah C.,Bednarz, Mark,Wu, Wenxue,Keyes, Philip
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of lisofylline (LSF) analogs as a potential treatment for Type 1 diabetes
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Lisofylline (LSF, 1-(5-R-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine) is an anti-inflammatory agent that protects β-cells from Th1 cytokine-induced dysfunction and reduces the onset of Type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Due to its low potency, poor oral bioavailability, and short half-life, the widespread clinical utility of LSF may be limited. Our goal has been to develop new agents based on the LSF structural motif that resolve the potency and pharmacokinetic liabilities of LSF. In this study, we have generated a focused library of LSF analogs that maintain the side chain (5-R-hydroxyhexyl) constant, while substituting a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substructures for the xanthine moiety of LSF. This library includes the xanthine-like (5-aza-7-deazaxanthine), as well as non-xanthine-like skeletons. The LSF analogs were evaluated in a pancreatic β-cell line for the effects on apoptosis protection and insulin release. The metabolic stability of selected compounds was also tested.
- Cui, Peng,Macdonald, Timothy L.,Chen, Meng,Nadler, Jerry L.
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p. 3401 - 3405
(2007/10/03)
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- Biotransformations with baker's yeast: pH effects on diastereoselectivity during α-hydroxy-β-ketoester reductions and carbon-carbon bond cleavages
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Baker's yeast mediated reduction of α-substituted-β-ketoesters lead to reduction of the carbonyl group with high enantiospecificity and diastereoselectivity at low pH (4.0-5.0, e.e. >99%, d.e. >90%) but cleavage of the C-C bond is observed at higher pH >8.0). Similar carbon-carbon bond cleavages are observed in the reactions of α-acetamido-β-ketoesters and acetamidocinnamic acid.
- Fadnavis,Kumara Vadivel,Bhalerao
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p. 2355 - 2359
(2007/10/03)
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- Zinc-promoted Reactions. Part 10.1 Reduction of α- and β-Cyano Ketones in Protic and Aprotic Systems
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The difference courses of the zinc-promoted reductions of α- vs.β-cyano ketones in AcOH-Ac2O and CH3CN-CITMS can be interpreted according to a general mechanism.
- Di Vona, Maria Luisa,Rosnati, Vittorio
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p. 498 - 499
(2007/10/03)
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- Studies on organophosphorus compounds 55. A new and facile synthetic route to 1-alkyl(aryl)-2-amino-1-hydroxyalkylphosphonic acids
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Nucleophilic addition of dimethyl phosphite to acylamino ketones prepared conveniently by the Dakin-West reaction involving reaction of the corresponding α-amino acids and acid anhydrides, followed by subsequent hydrolysis affords 1-alkyl(aryl)-2-amino-1-hydroxyalkylphosphonic acids in satisfactory yield.
- Yuan,Chen
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p. 531 - 532
(2007/10/02)
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- On the Mechanism of Pyrrole Formation in the Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis and by Porphobilinogen Synthase
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Attempts to synthesise a derivative of N-vinylaminoethanal either by oxidation of the corresponding alcohol or by hydrolysis of the corresponding dithioacetal were unsuccessful, but such derivatives were characterised by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy of reactions between ethyl 2-aminoacetoacetate and an excess of ethyl acetoacetate, leading to diethyl 2,4-dimethylpyrrole-3,5-dicarboxylate.
- Fabiano, Emmanuel,Golding, Bernard T.
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p. 3371 - 3376
(2007/10/02)
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- An Enantioselective Synthesis of L-Threonine
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An enantioselective synthesis of L-threonine (1) is described.Racemic ethyl 2-acetamido-3-oxobutyrate (6) was synthesized from ethyl acetoacetate (2) (4) (5) and then transformed to the epimeric optically active alcohols 7a and 7b by microbiological reduction with Saccharomyces rouxii.The mixture 7a/7b could be converted to 1 by slightly modified, known methods in a yield of ca. 52percent with respect to 7a/7b.
- Soukup, Milan,Wipf, Beat,Hochuli, Erich,Leuenberger, Hans G. W.
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p. 232 - 236
(2007/10/02)
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