- Derivatization of common antidepressant drugs increases inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase and reduces induction of phospholipidosis
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In recent studies, major depressive disorder (MDD) was linked to an increase in acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. Several drugs that are commonly used to treat MDD functionally inhibit the lysosomal enzyme ASM and are called functional inhibitors of ASM (FIASMAs). These drugs are classified as cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) that influence the catalytic activities of different lysosomal enzymes. This action results in the side effect of phospholipidosis (PLD), which describes a detrimental increase in the phospholipid content in lysosomes. FIASMAs differ only slightly in their physico-chemical properties, but their effects on ASM activity and induction of the lysosomal phospholipid content vary significantly. In this study, we systematically induced minor chemical modifications to the FIASMAs imipramine, desipramine and fluoxetine. We generated a library of 45 new CADs with slightly different log P (logarithmic partition coefficient) and pKa (logarithmic acid dissociation constant) values. The effects of the compounds on the ASM activity and lysosomal phospholipid content were assessed in cell culture assays. We identified four compounds with beneficial effects, i.e., increased ASM activity inhibition and reduced PLD induction compared with the original drugs. The compounds HT04, RH272B and RH272D outperformed the original imipramine, whereas RH281A performed better than desipramine. Thus, minor chemical variations of CADs impact lysosomal metabolism in a specific manner and can lead to antidepressant drugs with less deleterious side effects.
- Rhein, Cosima,L?ber, Stefan,Gmeiner, Peter,Gulbins, Erich,Tripal, Philipp,Kornhuber, Johannes
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p. 1837 - 1845
(2018/09/12)
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- SUBSTITUTED 3-HETEROARYLOXY-3-(HETERO)ARYL-PROPYLAMINES AS SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER AND SEROTONIN HT2C RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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The present invention relates to compounds compound according to Formula (1): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates and solvates thereof. These compounds have serotonin (5-HT) transporter inhibitory effects and 5-HT 2C receptor antagonist or inverse agonist effects. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and methods of using them for application in the prophylaxis or treatment of CNS disorders.
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Page/Page column 21; 36
(2014/04/04)
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