- A New Pathway for Protein Haptenation by β-Lactams
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The covalent binding of β-lactams to proteins upon photochemical activation has been demonstrated by using an integrated approach that combines photochemical, proteomic and computational studies, selecting human serum albumin (HSA) as a target protein and ezetimibe (1) as a probe. The results have revealed a novel protein haptenation pathway for this family of drugs that is an alternative to the known nucleophilic ring opening of β-lactams by the free amino group of lysine residues. Thus, photochemical ring splitting of the β-lactam ring, following a formal retro-Staudinger reaction, gives a highly reactive ketene intermediate that is trapped by the neighbouring lysine residues, leading to an amide adduct. For the investigated 1/HSA system, covalent modification of residues Lys414 and Lys525, which are located in sub-domains IIIA and IIIB, respectively, occurs. The observed photobinding may constitute the key step in the sequence of events leading to photoallergy. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies provide an insight into the molecular basis of the selectivity of 1 for these HSA sub-domains and the covalent modification mechanism. Computational studies also reveal positive cooperative binding of sub-domain IIIB that explains the experimentally observed modification of Lys414, which is located in a barely accessible pocket (sub-domain IIIA).
- Pérez-Ruíz, Raúl,Lence, Emilio,Andreu, Inmaculada,Limones-Herrero, Daniel,González-Bello, Concepción,Miranda, Miguel A.,Jiménez, M. Consuelo
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p. 13986 - 13994
(2017/09/18)
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- A new synthetic process of according to mai bu (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a process for preparing according to mai bu, to 4 - fluoro bromobenzene and cyclopentanone raw material through the condensation reaction to obtain 2 - (4 fluorophenyl) cyclopentanone (compound C1), through not to catalytic baeyer
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Paragraph 0042; 0043; 0044; 0045; 0046; 0047; 0048-0050
(2017/09/29)
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- METHOD OF PREPARING EZETIMIBE
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A method of preparing ezetimibe. The method includes converting a compound of formula (II) to a compound of formula (III) as shown below: in which R1-R5, A1, and A2 are defined in the specification.
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- Regio- and enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation: Kinetic resolution of racemic 2-substituted cyclopentanones
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A kinetic resolution of racemic 2-substituted cyclopentanones via highly regio- and enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation has been successfully developed. The reaction could afford the normal 6-substituted δ-lactones in up to 98% ee and >19/1 regioselectivity. Meanwhile, the unreacted ketones were recovered in excellent ee values (up to 98%). It represents the best results of the kinetic resolution of racemic 2-substituted cyclopentanones via nonenzymic asymmetric BV oxidation.
- Zhou, Lin,Liu, Xiaohua,Ji, Jie,Zhang, Yuheng,Wu, Wangbin,Liu, Yangbin,Lin, Lili,Feng, Xiaoming
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supporting information
p. 3938 - 3941
(2014/08/18)
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- PROCESSES FOR PRODUCTION OF 4-BIPHENYLYAZETIDIN-2-ONES
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The present invention relates to processes for the production of 4-biphenylylazetidin-2-one derivatives of formula (I).
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Page/Page column 40; 52
(2008/12/05)
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- DIPHENYLHETEROCYCLE CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION INHIBITORS
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Various azetidinone, pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, and oxazolidine derivatives are described, as are pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods of treatment of diseases using these compounds. Other embodiments are also described.
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Page/Page column 261-263
(2008/06/13)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF TRANS-ISOMERS OF DIPHENYLAZETIDINONE DERIVATIVES
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The invention relates to processes for the preparation of trans-isomers of diphenylazetidinone derivatives, using a chiral delta-lactone. It also relates to processes for the preparation of the chiral delta-lactone. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions that include the trans-isomers of diphenylazetidinone derivatives.
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