- Activator free, expeditious and eco-friendly chlorination of activated arenes by N-chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide (NCBSI)
-
N-Chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide (NCBSI) has been explored for the first time as a chlorinating reagent for direct chlorination of various activated arenes and heterocycles without any activator. A comparative in-silico study was performed to determine the electrophilic character for NCBSI and commercially available N-chloro reagents to reveal the reactivity on a theoretical viewpoint. The reagent was prepared by an improved method avoiding the use of hazardous t-butyl hypochlorite. This reagent was proved to be very reactive compared to other N-chloro reagents. The precursor of the reagent N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzene sulfonamide was recovered from aqueous spent, which can be recycled to synthesize NCBSI. The eco-friendly protocol was equally applicable for the synthesis of industrially important chloroxylenol as an antibacterial agent.
- Misal, Balu,Palav, Amey,Ganwir, Prerna,Chaturbhuj, Ganesh
-
supporting information
(2021/01/04)
-
- Fenbendazole production process and production device
-
The invention discloses a fenbendazole production process and a production device, the production process comprises a nitration reaction, a condensation reaction, a reduction reaction and a cyclization reaction, and finally the fenbendazole is obtained through centrifugation and drying. The production device comprises a plurality of reaction kettles, a distillation device and a distillation recovery device, the reaction kettles are respectively a nitration reaction kettle, a condensation reaction kettle, a cyclization reaction kettle and a reduction reaction kettle, and the nitration reactionkettle, the condensation reaction kettle, the cyclization reaction kettle, the distillation device and the reduction reaction kettle are sequentially communicated through feeding pipes. According to the process, the product purity can be improved; few types of chemical reagents are adopted, and methanol and methylbenzene are recycled so that reagent consumption is reduced, waste is avoided, and the process is economical and environmentally friendly; the process route is simple, the production period is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved; according to the production device, automatic feeding is achieved through the feeding mechanism, the automation degree is high, manual operation is reduced, and efficiency is improved.
- -
-
Paragraph 0027; 0035-0037; 0045-0047; 0056-0058; 0076
(2021/01/24)
-
- Starch functionalized creatine for stabilization of gold nanoparticles: Efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes
-
Selective reduction of nitroaromatic pollutants into amines with recoverable and reusable heterogeneous catalysts is highly desirable. Herein, we prepared and characterized an efficient novel catalyst comprising 4 nm size Au nanoparticles supported on creatine modified starch. Using this catalyst, efficient reduction of nitroarenes into amines at room temperature in aqueous media was achieved. The presence of creatine in the structure of the catalyst plays important role in amount of Au loading, efficiency of the catalyst, recycling times, and leaching of Au compared to starch supported Au without creatine.
- Gholinejad, Mohammad,Dasvarz, Neda,Shojafar, Mohammad,Sansano, José M.
-
-
- Amplification of Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCCA) Reactivity for Chlorination of Arenes and Heteroarenes via Catalytic Organic Dye Activation
-
Heteroarenes and arenes that contain electron-withdrawing groups are chlorinated in good to excellent yields (scalable to gram scale) using trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) and catalytic Brilliant Green (BG). Visible-light activation of BG serves to amplify the electrophilic nature of TCCA, providing a mild alternative approach to acid-promoted chlorination of deactivated (hetero)aromatic substrates. The utility of the TCCA/BG system is demonstrated through comparison to other chlorinating reagents and by the chlorination of pharmaceuticals including caffeine, lidocaine, and phenazone.
- Rogers, David A.,Bensalah, Adam T.,Espinosa, Alvaro Tomas,Hoerr, John L.,Refai, Fares H.,Pitzel, Amy K.,Alvarado, Juan J.,Lamar, Angus A.
-
supporting information
p. 4229 - 4233
(2019/06/17)
-
- Harnessing the pyrroloquinoxaline scaffold for FAAH and MAGL interaction: Definition of the structural determinants for enzyme inhibition
-
This paper describes the development of piperazine and 4-aminopiperidine carboxamides/carbamates supported on a pharmacogenic pyrroloquinoxaline scaffold as inhibitors of the endocannabinoid catabolizing enzymes fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Structure-activity relationships and molecular modelling studies allowed the definition of the structural requirements for dual FAAH/MAGL inhibition and led to the identification of a small set of derivatives (compounds 5e, i, k, m) displaying a balanced inhibitory profile against both enzymes, with compound 5m being the frontrunner of the subset. Favorable calculated physico-chemical properties suggest further investigation for specific analogues.
- Brindisi, Margherita,Brogi, Simone,Maramai, Samuele,Grillo, Alessandro,Borrelli, Giuseppe,Butini, Stefania,Novellino, Ettore,Allarà, Marco,Ligresti, Alessia,Campiani, Giuseppe,Di Marzo, Vincenzo,Gemma, Sandra
-
p. 64651 - 64664
(2016/07/23)
-
- Palladium(II)-catalyzed, heteroatom-directed, regioselective C-H nitration of anilines using pyrimidine as a removable directing group
-
A new palladium-catalyzed, heteroatom-directed strategy for C-H nitration of anilines is described. This C-H functionalization reaction is highly ortho-selective and results in very good yields. The highlight of the work is the use of pyrimidine as the removable directing group. This approach constitutes one of the rare methods of ortho-nitration of anilines, a reaction that is normally very difficult to achieve via traditional approaches.
- Pawar, Govind Goroba,Brahmanandan, Abhilashamole,Kapur, Manmohan
-
supporting information
p. 448 - 451
(2016/02/18)
-
- Indole and indazole compounds as an inhibitor of cellular necrosis
-
The present invention refers to a formula (1) compounds of, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof thereof, and characterized by by containing as active ingredients-associated diseases, cell death and method for the prevention or treatment of relates and compositions. [Formula 1] In formula said R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6, A, X, n and m to equal the specification.
- -
-
Paragraph 0339; 0344-0346; 0349
(2016/10/08)
-
- Steric-Hindrance-Induced Regio- and Chemoselective Oxidation of Aromatic Amines
-
Unusual regio- and chemoselective oxidation of aromatic amines hindered with ortho substituents (except -NH2, -NHCH3, and -OH) to the corresponding nitro compounds is described by use of nonanebis(peroxoic acid). The mechanistic investigation for selective oxidation of amines ortho-substituted with -NH2 or -OH showed the involvement of H-bonding between the ortho hydrogen of the adjacent -XH group (where X = NH, NR, or O) and an oxygen atom from the diperoxy acid. Various mono- and diamines are oxidized into corresponding mononitro derivatives in high yield and purity without employing any protection strategies. The protocol was also found to successful on the gram scale.
- Patil, Vilas Venunath,Shankarling, Ganapati Subray
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p. 7876 - 7883
(2015/09/01)
-
- Copper-catalyzed mild nitration of protected anilines
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A practical copper-catalyzed direct nitration of protected anilines, by using one equivalent of nitric acid as the nitrating agent, has been developed. This procedure features mild reaction conditions, wide structural scope (with regard to both N-protecting group and arene substitution), and high functional-group tolerance. Dinitration with two equivalents of nitric acid is also feasible. Practical and reliable: A Cu-catalyzed selective nitration of para- and ortho-substituted aniline derivatives by using one equivalent of HNO3 has been developed that produces water as the only stoichiometric byproduct (see scheme; PG=protecting group). This method is compatible with strongly electron-deficient substrates, enabling dinitration (by using 2.0 equiv of HNO3). This method allows for a rapid access to relevant nitrogen-containing heterocyclic architectures.
- Hernando, Elier,Castillo, Rafael R.,Rodríguez, Nuria,G?mez Arrayás, Ram?n,Carretero, Juan C.
-
supporting information
p. 13854 - 13859
(2016/02/18)
-
- Design, synthesis and anticancer activity evaluation of diazepinomicin derivatives
-
A series of diazepinomicin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their growth inhibitory activity against the human carcinoma cell lines. The results indicated the anticancer selectivity of this kind of compounds. Based on the results, preliminary structure-activity relationships were discussed.
- Yu, Yongguo,Wu, Jianbo,Lei, Fan,Chen, Lei,Wan, Weili,Hai, Li,Guan, Mei,Wu, Yong
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p. 369 - 373
(2013/07/26)
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- Regioselective chlorination and bromination of unprotected anilines under mild conditions using copper halides in ionic liquids
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By using ionic liquids as solvents, the chlorination or bromination of unprotected anilines at the para-position can be achieved in high yields with copper halides under mild conditions, without the need for potentially hazardous operations such as supplementing oxygen or gaseous HCl.
- Wang, Han,Wen, Kun,Nurahmat, Nurbiya,Shao, Yan,Zhang, He,Wei, Chao,Li, Ya,Shen, Yongjia,Sun, Zhihua
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 744 - 748
(2012/06/30)
-
- Discovery and optimization of benzotriazine Di-N-oxides targeting replicating and nonreplicating mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
Compounds bactericidal against both replicating and nonreplicating Mtb may shorten the length of TB treatment regimens by eliminating infections more rapidly. Screening of a panel of antimicrobial and anticancer drug classes that are bioreduced into cytotoxic species revealed that 1,2,4-benzotriazine di-N-oxides (BTOs) are potently bactericidal against replicating and nonreplicating Mtb. Medicinal chemistry optimization, guided by semiempirical molecular orbital calculations, identified a new lead compound (20q) from this series with an MIC of 0.31 μg/mL against H37Rv and a cytotoxicity (CC 50) against Vero cells of 25 μg/mL. 20q also had equivalent potency against a panel of single-drug resistant strains of Mtb and remarkably selective activity for Mtb over a panel of other pathogenic bacterial strains. 20q was also negative in a L5178Y MOLY assay, indicating low potential for genetic toxicity. These data along with measurements of the physiochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profile demonstrate that BTOs have the potential to be developed into a new class of antitubercular drugs.
- Chopra, Sidharth,Koolpe, Gary A.,Tambo-Ong, Arlyn A.,Matsuyama, Karen N.,Ryan, Kenneth J.,Tran, Tran B.,Doppalapudi, Rupa S.,Riccio, Edward S.,Iyer, Lalitha V.,Green, Carol E.,Wan, Baojie,Franzblau, Scott G.,Madrid, Peter B.
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p. 6047 - 6060
(2012/09/05)
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- INDOLE AND INDAZOLE COMPOUNDS AS AN INHIBITOR OF CELLULAR NECROSIS
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The present invention relates to indole or indazole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole or indazole compounds as an active ingredient.
- -
-
Page/Page column 12
(2010/08/08)
-
- INDOLE COMPOUNDS AS AN INHIBITOR OF CELLULAR NECROSIS
-
The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.
- -
-
Page/Page column 18
(2010/08/22)
-
- INDOLE COMPOUNDS AS AN INHIBITOR OF CELLULAR NECROSIS
-
The present invention relates to new indole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole compounds as an active ingredient.
- -
-
Page/Page column 60
(2009/04/25)
-
- INDOLE AND INDAZOLE COMPOUNDS AS AN INHIBITOR OF CELLULAR NECROSIS
-
The present invention relates to indole or indazole compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or isomers thereof which are useful for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases. The present invention also relates to a method and a composition for the prevention or treatment of cellular necrosis and necrosis-associated diseases, comprising said indole or indazole compounds as an active ingredient.
- -
-
Page/Page column 43
(2009/04/25)
-
- Effect of the electronic structure of the radical anions of 4-substituted 1,2-and 1,3-dinitrobenzenes on the regioselectivity of reduction of the nitro groups
-
Theoretical and experimental regularities of the regioselectivity of the reduction of one of the two nitro groups in unsymmetrical dinitrobenzenes were studied. It was found that the regioselectivity of the formation of isomeric nitroanilines depends on the structure of the substrate and the nature of the reducing agent. The reduction regioselectivity model was verified, according to which radical anion protonation is the major reaction direction. Pleiades Publishing, Inc. 2006.
- Orlov,Begunov,Demidova,Rusakov
-
-
- Ammonium nickel sulphate mediated nitration of aromatic compounds with nitric acid
-
Aromatic compounds were efficiently nitrated under mild conditions employing ammonium nickel sulphate and nitric acid as a reagent. This procedure works efficiently at room temperature yielding mononitro derivative in fair to good yield with high regioselectivity.
- Tasneem,Ali,Rajanna,Saiparakash
-
p. 1123 - 1127
(2007/10/03)
-
- A convenient copper-catalyzed direct animation of nitroarenes with 9-alkylhydroxylamines
-
O-Alkylhydroxylamines, particularly O-methylhydroxylamine, aminate nitroarenes in the presence of a strong base and a copper catalyst to give aminonitroarenes in good yields, ortho- or para-Animation with respect to the nitro group takes place, and in some cases the ortho-aminated product is preferentially obtained. With 3-substituted nitrobenzenes where the substituent has a lone pair of electrons, preferential amination occurs at the 2-position to give the sterically most congested 3c-f, 14 and 22g.
- Seko, Shinzo,Miyake, Kunihito,Kavvamura, Norio
-
p. 1437 - 1444
(2007/10/03)
-
- 1,2,3-Triazolo [1,5-a][1,4]- and 1,2,3-triazolo[l,5-a]-[1,5]benzodiazepine derivatives: Synthesis and benzodiazepine receptor binding
-
This paper reports the synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazolo[1,4]benzodiazepine and 1,2,3-triazolo[1,5]benzodiazepine derivatives and their evaluation toward benzodiazepine receptors. Receptor affinity gradually and remarkably increases by moving the nitrogen atom of the central ring from position 3 through 4 to position 5, to give the most effective compound 6a (K(i) = 150 nM). N-methylation of the diazepine ring (7a) lowers receptorial binding. Introduction of a chlorine atom on the benzene ring doubles the K(i) value (6b) which remains unaltered by the N-methylation (7b).
- Bertelli, Lucia,Biagi, Giuliana,Giorgi, Irene,Livi, Oreste,Manera, Clementina,Scartoni, Valerio,Martini, Claudia,Giannaccini, Gino,Trincavelli, Letizia,Barili, Pier Luigi
-
p. 305 - 311
(2007/10/03)
-
- Nitroarylamines via the Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen: Amination, Alkylamination, and Arylamination of Nitroarenes with Sulfenamides
-
A new reaction of sulfenamides with electrophilic arenes under basic conditions is described. The σ adducts formed from nitroarenes and the anions of sulfenamides undergo elimination of thiol to produce the corresponding o- and/or p-nitroanilines. This reaction is analogous to the known alkylation and hydroxylation of nitroarenes via the vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (VNS). The reaction gives access to a wide range of substituted nitroanilines, nitronaphthylamines, and aminoheterocycles. By means of the reaction with N-alkyl- and N-arylsulfenamides, it is possible to obtain N-alkylnitroanilines and nitrodiarylamines. By varying the structure of sulfenamide and the reaction conditions, particularly the nature and concentration of the base, it is possible to control the orientation of animation.
- Makosza, Mieczyslaw,Bialecki, Maciej
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p. 4878 - 4888
(2007/10/03)
-
- Pyrrolylquinoxalinediones: A new class of AMPA receptor antagonists
-
Pyrrolylquinoxalinediones were synthesized and their affinities for the AMPA receptor were determined. Most compounds showed moderate to good affinities. The acetic acid derivative 8b exhibited a K(i) value of 70 nM and was equipotent to NBQX 1. Structure activity relationships are discussed. Selected compounds were tested for their potency to inhibit AMPA induced lethal convulsions in mice. In this in vivo model the compounds showed improved potency compared with NBQX.
- Lubisch,Behl,Hofmann
-
p. 2887 - 2892
(2007/10/03)
-
- Hypoxia-Selective Agents Derived from Quinoxaline 1,4-Di-N-oxides
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Hypoxic cells, which are a common feature of solid tumors, but not normal tissues, are resistant to both anticancer drugs and radiation therapy.Thus the identification of drugs with selective toxicity toward hypoxic cells is an important objective in anticancer chemotherapy.The benzotriazine di-N-oxide (SR 4233, Tirapazamine) has been shown to be an efficient and selective cytotoxin for hypoxic cells.Since the bioreductive activation of Tirapazamine is thought to be due to the presence of the 1,4-di-N-oxide moiety, a series of 3-aminoquinoxaline-2-carbonitrile 1,4-di-N-oxides with a range of electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents in the 6- and /or 7- positions has been synthesized and evaluated for toxicity to hypoxic cells.Electrochemical studies of the quinoxaline di-N-oxides and Tirapazamine showed that as the electron-withdrawing nature of the 6(7)-substituent increases, the reduction potential becomes more positive and the compound is more readily reduced.Apart from the unsubstituted 6a and the 6,7-dimethyl derivative 6c, the quinoxaline di-N-oxide have reduction potentials significantly more positive than Tirapazamine (Epc -0.90 V).The most potent cytotoxins to cells in culture were the 6,7-dichloro and 6,7-difluoro derivatives 6i and 6l, which were 30-fold more potent than Tirapazamine.The 6(7)-fluoro and 6(7)-chloro compounds, 6e and 6h, showed the greatest hypoxia selectivity.Four of the compounds, 6e, 6f, 6h and 6i, killed the inner cells of multicellular tumor spheroids in vitro.In vivo Balb/c mice tolerated a dose of these four compounds twice the size of that of Tirapazamine.This study demonstrates that quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides could provide useful hypoxia-selective therapeutic agents.
- Monge, Antonio,Palop, Juan A.,Cerain, Adela Lopez de,Senador, Virginia,Martinez-Crespo, Francisko J.,et al.
-
p. 1786 - 1792
(2007/10/02)
-
- Siloxane basicity toward strong acid in nonpolar solution
-
The relative basicities of ten siloxanes and an ether were studied in benzene by determining from visible spectroscopic measurements the thermodynamic constants for the competition between the substrate and a reference base (4-chloro-2-nitroaniline) for acid (trifluoromethanesulfonic acid): RB-HA + S ? RB + S·HA. The Keq values were considered as a measure of basicity with the following order established and explained by inductive effects in the protonated species: permethyl linear siloxanes (Me3Si(OSiMe2)nOSiMe3, n = 0-3) > dibutyl ether > HMe2SiOSiMe2H > branched siloxanes ((Me3SiO)3SiMe, (Me3SiO)4Si) > cyclic siloxanes ((Me2SiO)n, n = 3-5). The ΔH and ΔS values were positive and increased with higher basicity; this behavior was attributed to differential solvation of ion pairs.
- Shepherd, Brian D.
-
p. 5581 - 5583
(2007/10/02)
-
- ipso Nitration in p-halophenyl ethers
-
Addition of nitronium ion ipso to halogen occurs on nitration of the p-haloanisoles in acetic anhydride at -60 deg C.In the cases of p-fluoro- and p-chloro-anisole, addition of the nitronium ion is reversible and only small amounts of ipso products are obtained.With p-bromoanisole nitrodebromination occurs.When p-halophenyl ethers containing a trapping substituent, e.g., 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoic acid, are used as substrates, substantial amounts of the spiro diene with nitro ipso to halogen, e.g., 3,3-dimethyl-8-chloro-8-nitro-1,4-dioxaspirodeca-6,9-dien-2-one, can be isolated.The results demonstrate that extensive ipso attack at the halogen-substituted position is general in the nitration of p-halophenyl ethers.Key words: ipso nitration, ether, diene, p-haloanisole.
- Clewley, Robin G.,Fischer, Alfred,Henderson, George N.
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p. 1472 - 1479
(2007/10/02)
-
- THE REACTION OF ORTHO-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC AZIDES WITH BORON TRICHLORIDE OR TRIFLUORIDE
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The reactiont of boron trichloride or trifluoride with ortho-aryl, -diazoaryl, and -arylazoaryl phenyl azides in benzene at room temperature generally gives fused azoles in high yields.Treatment of 2-nitrophenyl azide with boron trichloride mainly affords chlorinated nitroanilines, whereas with boron trifluoride it gives N-o-nitrophenylaniline.In aromatic solvents at 60 deg C in the presence of boron trifluoride-diethyl ether, 2-azidobiphenyl forms carbazole and 2-(arylamino)biphenyls, the formation of which depends greatly upon the nucleophilicity of the solvent used; however, its pseudo-first-order decomposition rate is slightly greater in benzene than in toluene or m-xylene.Under the same conditions, phenyl azide forms diarylamines.The results suggest that singlet nitrenium ions, arising from the corresponding azidetrihalogenoborane complexes by loss of molecular nitrogen, are generally the reactive intermediates.
- Spagnolo, Piero,Zanirato, Paolo
-
p. 2615 - 2620
(2007/10/02)
-
- Iminothiazolidine derivatives
-
The invention relates to novel iminothiazolidine derivatives of the formula (I), STR1 wherein R1 and R3 represent, independently from each other, hydrogen or lower alkyl group, R3 is nitro or amino group, R stands for halo, lower alkyl, haloalkyl, nitro, amino, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, carboxy or lower alkoxycarbonyl group, and n is 0, 1 or 2, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof. The iminothiazolidine derivatives of the formula (I) possess valuable antidepressant, antiparkinsonic, antiepileptic and spasmolytic activities.
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-
- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
-
Catalysts producing a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials comprise mixtures of BF3 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, SiF4 and metal alkyls or metal alkoxides, or mixtures of these catalysts.
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-
-
- Methods of alkoxylation
-
Catalysts comprising mixtures of HF and metal alkoxides and mixed metal alkoxides produce a sharply peaked alkoxylation distribution during the alkoxylation of organic materials.
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-
- A Comparison of the Reactions of Some Ethyl N-Arylcarbamates with Those of the Corresponding Acetanilides. I. Nitration
-
The reactions of some ethyl N-arylcarbamates and of the corresponding acetanilides towards 1 equiv. of sodium nitrate in concentrated sulfuric acid at 0-5 deg have been compared with one another and have been found to exhibit significant differences.Except in the case of the unsubstituted analogues, nitration of the carbamates was found to occur significantly more quickly than that of the acetanilides as shown by (i) a representative competitive nitration, and (ii) the fact the carbamates containing a nitro group are nitrated smoothly whereas the corresponding nitroacetanilides are slow to react.On the basis of competitive reactions, it is suggested that this difference in reactivity is due to steric factors.
- Rosevear, Judi,Wilshire, John F. K.
-
p. 723 - 733
(2007/10/02)
-
- Catalysts for alkoxylation reactions
-
Catalysts and a method of using said catalysts for the alkoxylation of a variety of materials is disclosed. Catalysts so described produce alkoxylates having a very sharp alkoxylate distribution. The catalysts are supported and unsupported dialkoxy and dialkyl metal fluorides and halides and alkyl metal difluorides and dihalides.
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-
- 1,3-DIARYL-2,2-DIHALOAZIRIDINES IN NITRATION AND BROMINATION REACTIONS
-
In the nitration of 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-2,2-dichloroaziridine in acetic acid, 1-(o- and p-nitrophenyl)-derivatives are formed in a 35:65 ratio. 1,3-Diphenyl-2,2-dichloroaziridine undergoes opening of the three-membered ring under the same conditions, forming a mixture of o- and p-nitroanilides and 2-nitro-4-chloroanilides of 2-acetoxy (or 2-chloro)-2-phenylacetic acids.The bromination of 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-2,2-dichloroaziridine in aqueous acetic acid leads to 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,2-dichloroaziridine, while in a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride it leads to the anilide of 2-bromo-2-phenylacetic acid and 2-bromo-N-(2,4-dibromophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylamine.
- Khlebnikov, A. F.,Kostikov, R. R.
-
p. 739 - 744
(2007/10/02)
-
- The reaction of Organic Azides with Boron Trichloride: A New Simple Route for the Production of Fused Heterocycles Containing Nitrogen
-
The reaction of boron trichloride with an ortho-aryl and ortho-diazoaryl phenyl azides at room temperature yielded fused azoles via 1,5-cyclization of a probable singlet nitrenium ion intermediate, arising from displacement of molecular nitrogen from the azido group.
- Zanirato, Paolo
-
p. 1065 - 1067
(2007/10/02)
-
- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
-
A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an alkaline medium at a pH over 10 in the presence of a nickel catalyst, preferably molybdenum-promoted Raney nickel. High yields of pure product are obtained directly with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-product and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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-
- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
-
A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 100° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an organic solvent mixture containing an organic amine at a pH over 10 in the presence of noble metal hydrogenation catalyst, preferably palladium. High yields of pure product are obtained with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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-
- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
-
A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with carbon monoxide at a temperature in the range of about 20° C. to about 150° C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an alkaline medium at a pH over 10 in the presence of a copper-amine complex catalyst. High yields of pure product are obtained with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.
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- Process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles
-
An improved process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles by the reduction of o-nitroazobenzene intermediates with zinc in alkaline medium comprises employing a ratio of moles of alkali to moles of o-nitroazobenzene intermediate in the range of 0.2-1.7/1 in the presence of less than 150 ppm of iron based on zinc used. The improved process results in higher yields of high purity products with a concomitant reduction in the amount of undesired cleavage amine by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems. The process is carried out in a polar/non-polar solvent mixture.
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- Azo pigments derived from 2-hydroxy-3-carboxynaphthalene containing a substituted or unsubstituted phthalimide
-
Azo pigments derived from 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-naphthalene and containing a substituted or unsubstituted phthalimide radical. The majority give red colorations and due to their excellent fastness properties are particularly valuable for use in surface coatings and resins.
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