- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazole and oxazole fragments as HIV-1 integrase-LEDGF/p75 disruptors and inhibitors of microbial pathogens
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We describe here the synthesis of libraries of novel 1-subtituted-5-aryl-1H-imidazole, 5-aryl-4-tosyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole and 5-aryl-1,3-oxazole fragments via microwave (MW)-assisted cycloaddition of para-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) to imines and aldehydes. The compounds obtained were biologically evaluated in an AlphaScreen HIV-1 IN-LEDGF/p75 inhibition assay with six imidazole-based compounds (16c, 16f, 17c, 17f, 20a and 20d) displaying more than 50% inhibition at 10 μM, with IC50 values ranging from 7.0 to 30.4 μM. Additionally the hypothesis model developed predicts all active scaffolds except 20d to occupy similar areas as the N-heterocyclic (A) moiety and two aromatic rings (B and C) of previously identified inhibitor 5. These results indicate that the identified compounds represent a viable starting point for their use as templates in the design of next generation inhibitors targeting the HIV-1 IN and LEDGF/p75 protein-protein interaction. In addition, the in vitro antimicrobial properties of these fragments were tested by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays showing that compound 16f exhibited a MIC value of 15.6 μg/ml against S. aureus, while 17f displayed a similar MIC value against B. cereus, suggesting that these compounds could be further developed to specifically target those microbial pathogens.
- Rashamuse, Thompho J.,Harrison, Angela T.,Mosebi, Salerwe,van Vuuren, Sandy,Coyanis, E. Mabel,Bode, Moira L.
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- Reaction Conditions for the Regiodivergent Direct Arylations at C2- or C5-Positions of Oxazoles using Phosphine-Free Palladium Catalysts
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Two sets of reaction conditions for the regiodivergent C2- or C5- direct arylations of oxazole are reported. In both cases, phosphine-free catalysts and inexpensive bases were employed allowing the access to the arylated oxazoles in moderate to high yields. Using Pd(OAc)2/KOAc as catalyst and base, regioselective C5-arylations were observed; whereas, using Pd(acac)2/Cs2CO3 system, the arylation occurred at the C2-position of oxazole. The higher reactivity of C5-H bond of oxazole as compared to the C2-H bond in the presence of Pd(OAc)2/KOAc system is consistent with a concerted metalation deprotonation mechanism; whereas the C2-arylation likely occurs via a simple base deprotonation of the oxazole C2-position. Then, from these C2- or C5-arylated oxazoles, a second palladium-catalyzed direct C?H bond arylation affords 2,5-diaryloxazoles with two different aryl groups. We also applied these sequential arylations to the straightforward synthesis of 2-arylphenanthro[9,10-d]oxazoles via three C?H bond functionalization steps. The Ru-catalyzed C?H arylation of the aryl unit of 2-aryloxazoles is also described. (Figure presented.).
- Shi, Xinzhe,Soulé, Jean-Fran?ois,Doucet, Henri
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p. 4748 - 4760
(2019/09/12)
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- Synthesis of 4-substituted oxazolo[4,5-c]quinolines by direct reaction at the C-4 position of oxazoles
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A facile synthesis of 4-aryl substituted oxazolo[4,5-c]quinolines has been described via a modified Pictet-Spengler method and using Cu(TFA)2 as a catalyst. The developed methodology directly functionalizes the C-4 position of oxazoles without
- Akula, Mahesh,Thigulla, Yadagiri,Davis, Connor,Jha, Mukund,Bhattacharya, Anupam
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supporting information
p. 2600 - 2605
(2015/04/27)
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- A Mild and convenient synthesis of 4-tosyl-4,5-dihydrooxazoles
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A facile and mild synthesis of 4-tosyl-4,5-dihydrooxazoles is described. The reaction between tosyl methyl isocyanide (TosMIC) and cinnamic or aromatic aldehydes is catalyzed by triethylamine, affording trans-5-styryl- or 5-aryl-4-tosyl-4,5-dihydrooxazole
- Companyo, Xavier,Moyano, Albert,Rios, Ramon
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experimental part
p. 293 - 296
(2010/04/23)
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- HYDRAZONE DERIVATIVE
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A compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R1 represents hydrogen, aryl which may have a substituent, a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, etc.; R2 represents hydrogen, aryl which may have a substituent, a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, etc.; R3 represents hydrogen, etc.; Ar represents a divalent group derived from aromatic hydrocarbon, etc.; X represents a single bond, linear or branched alkylene having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, etc.; and G represents halogen, a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, a saturated or unsaturated 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, etc., a salt thereof or a solvate thereof; and an agent for inhibiting aggregation and/or deposition of an amyloid protein or an amyloid-like protein, which comprises the compound, a salt thereof or a solvate thereof
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Page/Page column 22
(2010/11/08)
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- A solid-phase equivalent of van Leusen's TosMIC, and its application in oxazole synthesis
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Polystyrene-SH resin, prepared from Merrifield resin in two steps, was converted to polystyrene-SO2-CH2-NC in three steps. This resin functions as a solid-phase equivalent of p-tolylsulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC). Thus, reaction with aromatic aldehydes and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as base yields 5-aryloxazoles.
- Kulkarni, Bheemashankar A.,Ganesan
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p. 5633 - 5636
(2007/10/03)
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