- METHODS OF CULTURING AND/OR EXPANDING STEM CELLS AND/OR LINEAGE COMMITTED PROGENITOR CELLS USING AMIDO COMPOUNDS
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Provided are methods for expanding stem cells and/or lineage committed progenitor cells, such as hematopoietic stems cells and/or lineage committed progenitor cells, at least in part, by using compounds that antagonize AhR. The compounds are represented by formulae (I) (II) (III) (IV), wherein the letters and symbols a, b, c, d, e, f, g, Z, R1b, R2a and R2b have the meanings provided in the specification. Also provided are compositions comprising stem cells and/or lineage committed progenitor cells expanded by methods disclosed herein and methods for the treatment of diseases treatable by same.
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- AMIDO COMPOUNDS AS AhR MODULATORS
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Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods of using the compounds and compositions for the treatment of diseases modulated, as least in part, by AhR. The compounds are represented by formulae Formula (I), (II), (III), (iv): wherein the letters and symbols a, b, c, d, e, f, g, Z, R1b, R2a and R2b have the meanings provided in the specification.
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- EXTERNALLY MASKED NEOPENTYL SULFONYL ESTER CYCLIZATION RELEASE PRODRUGS OF ACAMPROSATE, COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, AND METHODS OF USE
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Masked nitrogen-substituted and oxygen-substituted neopentyl sulfonyl ester prodrugs of acamprosate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such prodrugs, and methods of using such prodrugs and compositions thereof for treating diseases are disclosed. In particular, acamprosate prodrugs exhibiting enhanced oral bioavailability and methods of using acamprosate prodrugs to treat neurodegenerative disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, movement disorders, substance abuse disorders, binge eating disorder, cortical spreading depression related disorders, tinnitus, sleeping disorders, multiple sclerosis, and pain are disclosed.
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Page/Page column 44
(2009/04/24)
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- Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions Catalyzed by Zirconocene Bis(triflate) Complexes: Stereochemistry and Mechanisms for C-C Bond Formation
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The aldol condensations of α- and β-(benzyloxy) aldehydes with enol silanes, catalyzed by Cp2Zr(OTf)2THF or Cp2Zr(OTf)2, in a variety of solvents were studied. The simple diastereoselectivity of these reactions is modest and comparable to that observed using simple aldehydes of similar steric requirements. Studies have revealed that TMSOTf is directly produced on reaction with the zirconocene catalyst with the enol silane in nitroalkane solvent or is formed during catalysis in dichloromethane solution. Although TMSOTf is known to catalyze cross-aldol reactions under these conditions, the rate of this process is not always competitive with that observed using the zirconocene catalysts. In particular, sterically unhindered or aromatic aldehydes react via a mechanism that appears to be mainly Zr-catalyzed, based on both the difference in rate between Zr- and Si-mediated reactions as well as differences in enol silane/silyl triflate reactivity in crossover-type experiments. With sterically hindered aldehydes in dichloromethane or nitromethane, catalysis is mediated by Si. The Zr-catalyzed process occurs via formation of a Zr-aldolate complex from aldehyde and enol silane, with liberation of TMSOTf, followed by rate-limiting O-silylation of the metal aldolate by TMSOTf, as revealed by both model studies and in situ monitoring during catalysis.
- Lin, Shuqiong,Bondar, Georgiy V.,Levy, Christopher J.,Collins, Scott
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p. 1885 - 1892
(2007/10/03)
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