- Conformational Restriction and Enantioseparation Increase Potency and Selectivity of Cyanoguanidine-Type Histamine H4 Receptor Agonists
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2-Cyano-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)butyl]-3-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]guanidine (UR-PI376, 1) is a potent and selective agonist of the human histamine H4 receptor (hH4R). To gain information on the active conformation, we synthesized analogues of 1 with a cyclopentane-1,3-diyl linker. Affinities and functional activities were determined at recombinant hHxR (x: 1-4) subtypes on Sf9 cell membranes (radioligand binding, [35S]GTPγS, or GTPase assays) and in part in luciferase assays on human or mouse H4R (HEK-293 cells). The most potent H4R agonists among 14 racemates were separated by chiral HPLC, yielding eight enantiomerically pure compounds. Configurations were assigned based on X-ray structures of intermediates and a stereocontrolled synthetic pathway. (+)-2-Cyano-1-{[trans-(1S,3S)-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)cyclopentyl]methyl}-3-[2-(phenylsulfanyl)ethyl]guanidine ((1S,3S)-UR-RG98, 39a) was the most potent H4R agonist in this series (EC50 11 nM; H4R vs H3R, >100-fold selectivity; H1R, H2R, negligible activities), whereas the optical antipode proved to be an H4R antagonist ([35S]GTPγS assay). MD simulations confirmed differential stabilization of the active and inactive H4R state by the enantiomers.
- Geyer, Roland,Nordemann, Uwe,Strasser, Andrea,Wittmann, Hans-Joachim,Buschauer, Armin
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supporting information
p. 3452 - 3470
(2016/05/19)
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- CYCLOALKYL-LINKED DIHETEROCYCLE DERIVATIVES
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein A, L, D, R1-R15, w, x, y, and z are defined herein. The novel cycloalkyl-linked diheterocycle derivatives that are useful in the treatment of abnormal cell growth, such as cancer, in mammals. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and to methods of using the compounds and compositions in the treatment of abnormal cell growth in mammals.
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Page/Page column 147; 148
(2015/11/24)
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- Cross-linked crystals of subtilisin: Versatile catalyst for organic synthesis
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Cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLECs) of subtilisin exhibit excellent activity in aqueous and various organic solvents. This catalyst is more stable than the native enzyme in both aqueous and mixed aqueous/organic solutions. Subtilisin-CLEC was shown to be a versatile catalyst. It was used for the syntheses of peptides and peptidomimetics, mild hydrolysis of amino acid and peptide amides, enantio- and regioselective reactions, and transesterifications.
- Wang, Yi-Fong,Yakovlevsky, Kirill,Zhang, Bailing,Margolin, Alexey L.
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p. 3488 - 3495
(2007/10/03)
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- Chemoenzymatic Enantioselective Synthesis of Amidinomycin
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We report the first asymmetric synthesis of amidinomycin, an antiviral antibiotic metabolite.Amidinomycin of high enantiomeric purity (ee 91percent) was prepared from norbornylene in 8 steps.The key step is an enzymatic discrimination of enantiotopic groups in meso cis-1,3-dicarbomethoxycyclopentane or in meso cis-cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride.
- Chenevert, Robert,Lavoie, Michele,Courchesne, Gabriel,Martin, Richard
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- Enantioselective synthesis of (+) and (-)-cis-3-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acids by enzymatic asymmetrization
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Both enantiomers of cis-3-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (GABA analogs, inhibitory neurotransmitter) have been prepared via enzymatic asymmetrization of cis -1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid.
- Chenevert,Martin
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p. 199 - 200
(2007/10/02)
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- Reaction Pathways of 3-(3'-Methylenecyclobutyl)propyl and 2-(3'-Methylenecyclobutyl)ethyl Radicals
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Molecular mechanics (MM2) calculations were used to predict the efficacy and regiochemical outcome of radical cyclizations involving the title radicals and others with further substitution at C1 on the ring.The MM2 results were generally ratifi
- Pigou, Paul E.
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p. 4943 - 4950
(2007/10/02)
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- Enzymes in organic synthesis. 33. Stereoselective pig liver esterase-catalyzed hydrolyses of meso cyclopentyl-, tetrahydrofuranyl-, and tetrahydrothiophenyl-1,3-diesters
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Preparative-scale pig liver esterase-catalyzed hydrolyses of five-membered ring meso-1,3-diesters are enantiotopically selective.While pro-S enantiotopic selectivity is exhibited in each case, the absolute configuration sense of the hydrolysis in the cyclopentyl series is opposite to that of both the tetrahydrofuranyl and tetrahydrothiophenyl diesters.The enantiomeric excess levels induced are in the 34-46percent range.
- Jones, J. Bryan,Hinks, R. Scott,Hultin, Philip G.
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p. 452 - 456
(2007/10/02)
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